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The resting metabolic rate of people with severe mental illness: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 May 2023

Serena Y. Nian ,
Vasant Hirani ,
Oliver Ardill-Young ,
Philip B. Ward ,
Jackie Curtis  and
Scott B. Teasdale Open the ORCID record for Scott B. Teasdale [Opens in a new window]
Serena Y. Nian
Affiliation:
Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery, Sydney Nursing School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, NSW, Australia
Vasant Hirani
Affiliation:
Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery, Sydney Nursing School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, NSW, Australia
Oliver Ardill-Young
Affiliation:
Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of New South Wales, Botany St, Kensington 2031, NSW, Australia Mindgardens Neuroscience Network, Margarete Ainsworth Building, Barker St, Randwick 2031, NSW, Australia
Philip B. Ward
Affiliation:
Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of New South Wales, Botany St, Kensington 2031, NSW, Australia Schizophrenia Research Unit, South Western Sydney Local Health District and Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool 2170, NSW, Australia
Jackie Curtis
Affiliation:
Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of New South Wales, Botany St, Kensington 2031, NSW, Australia Mindgardens Neuroscience Network, Margarete Ainsworth Building, Barker St, Randwick 2031, NSW, Australia
Scott B. Teasdale*
Affiliation:
Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of New South Wales, Botany St, Kensington 2031, NSW, Australia Mindgardens Neuroscience Network, Margarete Ainsworth Building, Barker St, Randwick 2031, NSW, Australia
*
*Corresponding author: Dr Scott Teasdale, email s.teasdale@unsw.edu.au
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Abstract

People with severe mental illness (SMI), including schizophrenia and related psychoses and bipolar disorder, are at greater risk for obesity compared with people without mental illness. An altered resting metabolic rate (RMR) may be a key driving factor; however, published studies have not been systematically reviewed. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine whether the RMR of people with SMI assessed by indirect calorimetry differs from (i) controls, (ii) predictive equations and (iii) after administration of antipsychotic medications. Five databases were searched from database inception to March 2022. Thirteen studies providing nineteen relevant datasets were included. Study quality was mixed (62 % considered low quality). In the primary analysis, RMR in people with SMI did not differ from matched controls (n 2, standardised mean difference (SMD) = 0·58, 95 % CI −1·01, 2·16, P = 0·48, I2 = 92 %). Most predictive equations overestimated RMR. The Mifflin–St. Jeor equation appeared to be most accurate (n 5, SMD = −0·29, 95 % CI −0·73, 0·14, P = 0·19, I2 = 85 %). There were no significant changes in RMR after antipsychotic administration (n 4, SMD = 0·17, 95 % CI −0·21, 0·55, P = 0·38, I2 = 0 %). There is little evidence to suggest there is a difference in RMR between people with SMI and people without when matched for age, sex, BMI and body mass, or that commencement of antipsychotic medication alters RMR.

Keywords

Basal metabolismCalorimetry indirectMental disordersSchizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disordersBipolar and related disorders
Type
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 130 , Issue 12 , 28 December 2023 , pp. 2025 - 2038
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society

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