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Dielectric-Relaxation Spectroscopy of Kaolinite, Montmorillonite, Allophane, and Imogolite under Moist Conditions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2024

Tomoyuki Ishida ,
Tomoyuki Marino  and
Changjun Wang
Tomoyuki Ishida
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural Engineering, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan
Tomoyuki Marino
Affiliation:
Soil Chemistry Laboratory, National Institute of Agro-Environmental Sciences of Japan, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8604, Japan
Changjun Wang
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural Engineering, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan
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Abstract

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The dielectric behavior of kaolinite, montmorillonite, allophane, and imogolite samples adjusted to a water potential of 33 kPa was examined using a time-domain reflectometry method over a wide frequency range of 103-1010 Hz. A dielectric relaxation peak owing to bound H2O was observed. The observation of this peak required the precise determination of the contributions of dc conductivity. The peak is located at 10 MHz, indicating that the relaxation time of the bound H2O is approximately ten times longer than the relaxation time of bound H2O with organic polymers, such as an aqueous globular-protein solution. The structure of bound H2O differs between phyllosilicates and amorphous phases, based on differences in relaxation strength and the pattern of distribution of the relaxation times. The dielectric process involving rotation of bulk H2O molecules was also observed at 20 GHz. The relaxation strength of bulk H2O increased with an increase in the water content. The interfacial polarization in the diffuse double layer occurred only in montmorillonite and kaolinite, indicating that mechanisms involving the Maxwell-Wagner and surface-polarization effects cannot be extended to include allophane and imogolite. Although these results suggest that additional work is required, a tentative conclusion is that a tangential migration of counter-ions along clay surfaces may be important.

Keywords

AllophaneBound WaterComplex PermittivityDielectric-Relaxation SpectroscopyImogoliteInterfacial PolarizationKaoliniteMontmorilloniteTime-Domain Reflectometry
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 48 , Issue 1 , February 2000 , pp. 75 - 84
Copyright
Copyright © 2000, The Clay Minerals Society

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