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Effect of Phosphate on the Crystallization of Hematite, Goethite, and Lepidocrocite from Ferrihydrite

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2024

Natividad Gálvez ,
Vidal Barrón  and
José Torrent
Natividad Gálvez
Affiliation:
Departamento de Ciencias y Recursos Agrícolas y Forestales, Universidad de Córdoba, Apdo. 3048, 14080 Córdoba, Spain
Vidal Barrón
Affiliation:
Departamento de Ciencias y Recursos Agrícolas y Forestales, Universidad de Córdoba, Apdo. 3048, 14080 Córdoba, Spain
José Torrent
Affiliation:
Departamento de Ciencias y Recursos Agrícolas y Forestales, Universidad de Córdoba, Apdo. 3048, 14080 Córdoba, Spain
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Abstract

We investigated the crystallization of ferrihydrite prepared by hydrolysis of Fe(NO3)3 solutions containing phosphate. Crystallization was studied at different pH (3–9), temperatures (298, 323, and 373 K), and initial P/Fe atomic ratios for periods to 730 d. Generally, crystallization was inhibited or only poorly crystallized lepidocrocite was formed at P/Fe > 2.5%. Phosphate favored the formation of hematite over goethite at all temperatures for most of the pH and P/Fe ranges investigated. This result is consistent with a model in which phosphate acts as a template for hematite formation, in analogy with other anions, such as oxalate. However, goethite was preferentially formed at alkaline pH and P/Fe > 1%, probably because high phosphate concentration resulted in a large increase in the negative charge of the ferrihydrite particles. This resulted in turn in less aggregation, a process that is known to precede dehydration to hematite. Phosphate greatly influenced the morphology of hematite and goethite. Hematite was often ellipsoidal or spindle-shaped. Twinned goethite crystals with a hematite core were formed at alkaline pH at P/Fe > 1%. Both hematite and goethite particles incorporated phosphate in an occluded form not desorbable by repeated alkali treatments.

Keywords

CrystallizationFerrihydriteGoethiteHematiteLepidocrocitePhosphate
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 47 , Issue 3 , June 1999 , pp. 304 - 311
Copyright
Copyright © 1999, The Clay Minerals Society

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