Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-xfwgj Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-13T13:28:54.398Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Evaluation of Gamma Radiation-Induced Biochemical Changes in Skin for Dose Assesment: A Study on Small Experimental Animals

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 May 2018

Sandeep Kumar Soni ,
Mitra Basu ,
Priyanka Agrawal ,
Aseem Bhatnagar  and
Neelam Chhillar
Sandeep Kumar Soni
Affiliation:
Department of Neuro-Biochemistry, Institute of Human Behaviour and Allied Sciences, Dilshad Garden, India
Mitra Basu
Affiliation:
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiation Biosciences, Division of Health, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research & Development Organization (DRDO), Delhi, India
Priyanka Agrawal
Affiliation:
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiation Biosciences, Division of Health, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research & Development Organization (DRDO), Delhi, India
Aseem Bhatnagar
Affiliation:
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiation Biosciences, Division of Health, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research & Development Organization (DRDO), Delhi, India
Neelam Chhillar*
Affiliation:
Department of Neuro-Biochemistry, Institute of Human Behaviour and Allied Sciences, Dilshad Garden, India
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to Dr Neelam Chhillar, Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Human Behavior and Allied Sciences, Dilshad Garden, Delhi 110095, India (e-mail: chhillarnlm@gmail.com).
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Objective

Researchers have been evaluating several approaches to assess acute radiation injury/toxicity markers owing to radiation exposure. Keeping in mind this background, we assumed that whole-body irradiation in single fraction in graded doses can affect the antioxidant profile in skin that could be used as an acute radiation injury/toxicity marker.

Methods

Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with CO-60 gamma radiation (dose: 1-5 Gy; dose rate: 0.85 Gy/minute). Skin samples were collected (before and after radiation up to 72 hours) and analyzed for glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and lipid peroxidation (LPx).

Results

Intra-group comparison showed significant differences in GSH, GPx, SOD, and CAT, and they declined in a dose-dependent manner from 1 to 5 Gy (P value<0.01, r value: 0.3-0.5). LPx value increased (P value<0.01, r value: 0.3-0.5) as the dose increased, except in 1 Gy (P value>0.05).

Conclusions

This study suggests that skin antioxidants were sensitive toward radiation even at a low radiation dose, which can be used as a predictor of radiation injury and altered in a dose-dependent manner. These biochemical parameters may have wider application in the evaluation of radiation-induced skin injury and dose assessment. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2019;13:197–202).

Keywords

radiationantioxidantskinradiation exposure
Type
Original Research
Information
Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness , Volume 13 , Issue 2 , April 2019 , pp. 197 - 202
Copyright
Copyright © Society for Disaster Medicine and Public Health, Inc. 2018 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1. Stone, HB, Coleman, NC, Anscher, MS, et al. Effects of radiation on normal tissue: consequences and mechanisms. Lancet Oncol. 2003;4:529-536.Google Scholar
2. Hall, EJ, Giaccia, AJ. Radiobiology for the Radiologist, 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2006.Google Scholar
3. Kohen, R. Skin antioxidants: their role in aging and in oxidative stress – new approaches for their evaluation. Biomed Pharmacother. 1999;53:181-192.Google Scholar
4. Kohen, R, Gati, I. Skin low molecular weights antioxidants and their role in aging and in oxidative stress. Toxicology. 2000;148:149-157.Google Scholar
5. Spitz, DR, Azzam, EI, Li, JJ, et al. Metabolic oxidation/reduction reactions and cellular responses to ionizing radiation: a unifying concept in stress response biology. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2004;23:311-322.Google Scholar
6. Kaspler, P, Chen, R, Hyrien, O, et al. Biodosimetry using radiation-induced micronuclei in skin fibroblasts. Int J Radiat Biol. 2011;87:824-838.Google Scholar
7. Hoashi, T, Okochi, H, Kadono, T, et al. Case of acute radiation syndrome from the dermatological aspect. Br J Dermatol. 2008;158:597-602.Google Scholar
8. Jamall, IS, Smith, JS. Effect of cadmium on glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and lipid peroxidation in rat heart: a possible mechanism of cadmium cardiotoxicity. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1985;80:33-42.Google Scholar
9. Marklund, S, Marklund, G. Involvement of the superoxide anion radical in the autooxidation of pyrogallol and a convenient assay for superoxide dismutase. Eur J Biochem. 1974;47:469-474.Google Scholar
10. Sazuka, Y, Tanizawa, H, Takino, Y. Effect of adriamycin on the activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase in tissues of mice. Jpn J Cancer Res. 1989;80:89-94.Google Scholar
11. Beutler, E, Duron, O, Kelly, BM. Improved method for the determination of blood glutathione. J Lab Clin Med. 1963;61:882-888.Google Scholar
12. Aebi, H. Catalase in-vitro. Methods Enzymol. 1984;105:121-126.Google Scholar
13. Lowry, OH, Rosebrough, NJ, Farr, AL, et al. Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951;193:265-275.Google Scholar
14. Petkau, A. Role of superoxide dismutase in modification of radiation injury. Br J Cancer. 1987;8:87-95.Google Scholar
15. Shindo, Y, Witt, E, Han, D, et al. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in epidermis and dermis of human skin. J Invest Dermatol. 1994;102:122-124.Google Scholar
16. Meister, A, Anderson, ME. Glutathione. Ann Rev Biochem. 1983;52:711-760.Google Scholar
17. Brigelius-Fhole, R. Tissue-specific functions of individual glutathione peroxidases. Free Radic Biol Med. 1999;27:951-965.Google Scholar
18. Siems, W, Gartner, C, Kranz, D, et al. Long term effects of monthly low dose whole body irradiation on the glutathione status and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance in different organs of male Wistar rats. Radiobiol Radiother. 1990;31:257-263.Google Scholar
19. Baraboi, VA, Oliinyk, SA, Blium, IO, et al. Dynamics of lipid peroxidation in blood and organs of rats after irradiation at low doses and the effect of antioxidants. Ukr Biokhim Zh. 1994;66:39-47.Google Scholar
20. Navarro, J, Obrador, E, Pellicer, JA, et al. Blood glutathione as an index of radiation induced oxidative stress in mice and humans. Free Radic Biol Med. 1997;22:1203-1207.Google Scholar
21. Fuchs, J, Hufljet, M, Rothfuss, L, et al. Impairment of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in skin by UV-B irradiation. J Invest Dermatol. 1989;93:769-773.Google Scholar
22. Younes, M, Seigers, CP. Mechanistic aspects of enhanced lipid peroxidation following glutathione depletion in vivo. Chem Biol Interact. 1981;34:257-266.Google Scholar
23. Meffert, H, Diezel, W, Sönnichsen, N. Stable lipid peroxidation products in human skin: detection, ultraviolet induced increase, and pathogenic importance. Experientia. 1976;32:1397-1398.Google Scholar
24. Cohen, G. The Fenton reaction. In: Greenwald RA, ed. Handbook of Methods for Oxygen Radical Research. Bern: CRC Press; 1986:55-64.Google Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Kumar Soni et al. supplementary material

Table S1

Download Kumar Soni et al. supplementary material(File)
File 109.6 KB