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Outbreak of Paratyphoid Fever Caused by Contaminated Street-Vended Food at Qingyang Town, China, 2016

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 December 2022

Qi Zhang ,
Dan Sha ,
Yujun Chen ,
Jianxiang Yao ,
Yumeng Gao ,
Juan Liu ,
Lin Ji ,
Ping Shi  and
Chao Shi
Qi Zhang
Affiliation:
Department of Disease Control, Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
Dan Sha
Affiliation:
Department of Disease Control, Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
Yujun Chen
Affiliation:
Department of Disease Control, Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
Jianxiang Yao
Affiliation:
Jiangyin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
Yumeng Gao
Affiliation:
Department of Disease Control, Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
Juan Liu
Affiliation:
Department of Disease Control, Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
Lin Ji
Affiliation:
The Wuxi People’s Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
Ping Shi*
Affiliation:
Department of Disease Control, Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
Chao Shi*
Affiliation:
Department of Disease Control, Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
*
Corresponding authors: Chao Shi, Email: wxcdcshichao@126.com; Ping Shi, Email: wxcdcshp@126.com.
Corresponding authors: Chao Shi, Email: wxcdcshichao@126.com; Ping Shi, Email: wxcdcshp@126.com.
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Abstract

In 2016, an outbreak of paratyphoid fever occurred in 40 cases at Qingyang town, in China. A case-control study was carried out to determine the source of this outbreak. Case-control study was conducted to identify the risk factors of this outbreak. The cases were identified as patients with isolation of S. Paratyphi, controls were confirmed cases’ healthy classmates, colleagues or neighbors and matched by age (±5 y) and gender. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was performed to source tracking. Totally, 40 cases were reported: 24 cases were students, and 20 (20/24) of them were Qingyang High School students. For the case-control study, consuming Chinese egg pancakes was detected as a risk factor (OR1:1 = 5.000; 95% CI: 1.710-14.640), and hand-washing before meals was protective behavior compared with seldom hand-washing (OR1:1 = 23.256; 95% CI: 2.451-200.000). S. Paratyphi was cultured from a well water sample used for washing contents of the pancakes. Isolates from well water and paratyphoid cases showed the same PFGE patterns. Contaminated well water and Chinese egg pancakes were likely source and vehicle of this outbreak. Health education, especially handwashing, and food safety supervision should be promoted particularly in schools.

Keywords

paratyphoid feveroutbreakstreet-vended foodcase-control study
Type
Report from the Field
Information
Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness , Volume 17 , 2023 , e205
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Society for Disaster Medicine and Public Health, Inc.

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