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In situ rare earth element analysis of a lower Cambrian phosphate nodule by LA-ICP-MS

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 September 2020

Yun-Tao Ye Open the ORCID record for Yun-Tao Ye [Opens in a new window] ,
Hua-Jian Wang Open the ORCID record for Hua-Jian Wang [Opens in a new window] ,
Xiao-Mei Wang ,
Li-Na Zhai ,
Chao-Dong Wu  and
Shui-Chang Zhang
Yun-Tao Ye
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry, Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, China National Petroleum Corporation, Beijing100083, China
Hua-Jian Wang*
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry, Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, China National Petroleum Corporation, Beijing100083, China
Xiao-Mei Wang
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry, Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, China National Petroleum Corporation, Beijing100083, China
Li-Na Zhai
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao266071, China
Chao-Dong Wu
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution, Ministry of Education, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing100871, China Institute of Oil and Gas, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
Shui-Chang Zhang
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry, Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, China National Petroleum Corporation, Beijing100083, China
*
Author for correspondence: Hua-Jian Wang, Email: wanghuajian@petrochina.com.cn
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Abstract

Rare earth elements (REE) in marine minerals have been widely used as proxies for the redox status of depositional and/or diagenetic environments. Phosphate nodules, which are thought to grow within decimetres below the sediment–water interface and to be able to scavenge REE from the ambient pore water, are potential archives of subtle changes in REE compositions. Whether their REE signals represent specific redox conditions or they can be used to track the overlying water chemistry is worth exploring. Through in situ laser ablation – inductively coupled plasma – mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), we investigate the REE compositions of a drill-core-preserved phosphate nodule from the lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation in the Daotuo area, northeastern Guizhou Province, South China. REE distributions of the nodule show concentric layers with systematic decreases in Ce anomalies (Ce/Ce*) from the core to the rim. The lowest Ce/Ce* appears in the outer rim where REE concentrations are relatively high. These results are interpreted to reflect REE exchange with pore water at a very early stage or bathymetric variation during apatite precipitation. The origin of the shale-normalized middle REE (MREE) enrichment in our sample is less constrained. Possible driving factors include preferential MREE substitution for Ca in the apatite lattice, degradation of organic matter and deposition beneath a ferruginous zone. Although speculative, the last possibility is consistent with the chemically stratified model for early Cambrian oceans, in which dynamic fluctuations of the chemocline provided an ideal depositional context for phosphogenesis.

Keywords

Carbonate fluorapatitecerium anomalyMREE enrichmentstratified oceanNiutitang Formation
Type
Original Article
Information
Geological Magazine , Volume 158 , Issue 4 , April 2021 , pp. 749 - 758
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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