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A new species of Platysiagum from the Luoping Biota (Anisian, Middle Triassic, Yunnan, South China) reveals the relationship between Platysiagidae and Neopterygii

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 February 2018

W. WEN ,
S. X. HU ,
Q. Y. ZHANG ,
M. J. BENTON Open the ORCID record for M. J. BENTON [Opens in a new window] ,
J. KRIWET ,
Z. Q. CHEN ,
C. Y. ZHOU ,
T. XIE  and
J. Y. HUANG
W. WEN*
Affiliation:
Chengdu Center of the China Geological Survey, Chengdu 610081, China School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1RJ, UK
S. X. HU
Affiliation:
Chengdu Center of the China Geological Survey, Chengdu 610081, China
Q. Y. ZHANG
Affiliation:
Chengdu Center of the China Geological Survey, Chengdu 610081, China
M. J. BENTON
Affiliation:
School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1RJ, UK
J. KRIWET
Affiliation:
Department of Paleontology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
Z. Q. CHEN
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
C. Y. ZHOU
Affiliation:
Chengdu Center of the China Geological Survey, Chengdu 610081, China
T. XIE
Affiliation:
Chengdu Center of the China Geological Survey, Chengdu 610081, China
J. Y. HUANG
Affiliation:
Chengdu Center of the China Geological Survey, Chengdu 610081, China
*
†Author for correspondence: wenwen2020240@163.com
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Abstract

Four complete platysiagid fish specimens are described from the Luoping Biota, Anisian (Middle Triassic), Yunnan Province, southwest China. They are small fishes with bones and scales covered with ganoine. All characters observed, such as nasals meeting in the midline, a keystone-like dermosphenotic, absence of post-rostral bone, two infraorbitals between dermosphenotic and jugal, large antorbital, and two postcleithra, suggest that the new materials belong to a single, new Platysiagum species, P. sinensis sp. nov. Three genera are ascribed to Platysiagidae: Platysiagum, Helmolepis and Caelatichthys. However, most specimens of the first two genera are imprints or fragmentary. The new, well-preserved specimens from the Luoping Biota provide more detailed anatomical information than before, and thus help amend the concept of the Platysiagidae. The Family Platysiagidae was previously classed in the Perleidiformes. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that the Platysiagidae is a member of basal Neopterygii, and its origin seems to predate that of Perleidiformes. Moreover, platysiagid fishes are known from the Middle Triassic of the western Tethys region. The newly found specimens of platysiagids from Luoping provide additional evidence that both eastern and western sides of the Tethys Ocean were biogeographically more connected than previously thought.

Keywords

Platysiagum sinensisPlatysiagidaeNeopterygiiMiddle TriassicLuoping Biotasouthwest China
Type
Original Article
Information
Geological Magazine , Volume 156 , Issue 4 , April 2019 , pp. 669 - 682
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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