Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-x5gtn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-31T22:03:48.574Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Bruise susceptibilities of Golden Delicious apples as affected by mechanical impact and fruit properties

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 February 2013

GHASEM ABEDI  and
EBRAHIM AHMADI
GHASEM ABEDI
Affiliation:
Department of Biosystem Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Islamic Republic of Iran
EBRAHIM AHMADI*
Affiliation:
Department of Biosystem Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Islamic Republic of Iran
*
*To whom all correspondence should be addressed. Email: eahmadi@basu.ac.ir
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

In order to reduce bruising damage to fruits, it is necessary to know the effect of fruit properties on bruise susceptibility. Statistical bruise estimation models were constructed to determine the level of bruising in Golden Delicious apples. The regression models were built based upon peak contact force (PF) and impact energy as the main independent variables, with other parameters including fruit curvature radius, temperature and acoustic stiffness (a measure of texture/firmness of fruit and vegetables). Significant effects of acoustic stiffness, temperature and curvature radius and some interactions on bruising were obtained with determination coefficients of 0·87 and 0·93 for the force and energy models, respectively. It was demonstrated that increasing the temperature and lowering acoustic stiffness reduced bruise damage to the fruit. Golden delicious apples with a low radius of curvature developed more bruise damage compared to large apples when impacts were low, but the opposite was true for high impacts, with less damage for small fruit. No significant differences were observed between the predicted bruise volumes of models that included PF and impact energy at all impact levels.

Type
Crops and Soils Research Papers
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 152 , Issue 3 , June 2014 , pp. 439 - 447
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Ahmadi, E., Ghassemzadeh, H. R., Sadeghi, M., Moghadam, M. & Zarif Neshat, S. (2010). The effect of impact and fruit properties on the bruising of peach. Journal of Food Engineering 97, 110–117.Google Scholar
Bajema, R. W. & Hyde, G. M. (1998). Instrumented pendulum for impact characterization of whole fruit and vegetable specimens. Transactions of the ASAE 41, 1399–1405.Google Scholar
Bajema, R. W., Hyde, G. M. & Peterson, K. (1998 a). Instrumentation design for dynamic axial compression of cylindrical tissue samples. Transactions of the ASAE 41, 747–755.Google Scholar
Bajema, R. W., Hyde, G. M. & Baritelle, A. L. (1998 b). Turgor and temperature effects on dynamic failure properties of potato tuber tissue. Transactions of the ASAE 41, 741–746.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baritelle, A. L. & Hyde, G. M. (2001). Commodity conditioning to reduce impact bruising. Postharvest Biology and Technology 21, 331–339.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berardinelli, A., Donati, V., Giunchi, A., Guarnieri, A. & Ragni, L. (2005). Damage to pears caused by simulated transport. Journal of Food Engineering 66, 219–226.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blahovec, J. & Paprstein, F. (2005). Susceptibility of pear varieties to bruising. Postharvest Biology and Technology 38, 231–238.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chen, H. (1993). Analysis on the acoustic impulse resonance of apples for nondestructive estimation of fruit quality. Ph.D. Thesis, Faculty of Agricultural and Applied Biological Science, K.U. Leuven, Belgium.Google Scholar
Chen, P. & Sun, Z. (1981). Impact Parameters Related to Postharvest Bruising of Apples. ASAE Paper No. 81-3041. St. Joseph, MI, USA: ASAE.Google Scholar
Hertog, M. L. A. T. M., Ben-Arie, R., Róth, E. & Nicolaï, B. M. (2004). Humidity and temperature effects on invasive and non-invasive firmness measures. Postharvest Biology and Technology 33, 79–91.Google Scholar
Hertz, H. (1881). Über die Berührung fester elastischerKörper [On the contact of solid elastic bodies]. Journal Fur Die Reine Und Angewandte Mathematik 92, 156–171.Google Scholar
Horsfield, B. C., Fridley, R. B. & Claypool, L. L. (1972). Application of theory of elasticity to the design of fruit harvesting and handling equipment for minimum bruising. Transactions of the ASAE 15, 746–750.Google Scholar
Johnston, J. W., Hewett, E. W., Banks, N. H., Harker, F. R. & Hertog, M. L. A. T. M. (2001). Physical change in apple texture with fruit temperature: effects of cultivar and time in storage. Postharvest Biology and Technology 23, 13–21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klein, J. D. (1987). Relationship of harvest date, storage condition and fruit characteristics to bruise susceptibility. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 112, 113–118.Google Scholar
Knee, M. & Miller, A. R. (2002). Mechanical injury. In Fruit Quality and its Biological Basis (Ed. Knee, M.), pp. 157–179. Sheffield, UK: Sheffield Academic Press.Google Scholar
Lin, X. & Brusewitz, G. H. (1994). Peach bruise thresholds using the instrumented sphere. Applied Engineering in Agriculture 10, 509–513.Google Scholar
Marshall, D. E. & Burgess, G. J. (1991). Apple bruise damage estimation using an instrumented sphere. Applied Engineering in Agriculture 7, 677–682.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Menesatti, P., Beni, C., Paglia, G., Marcelli, S. & D'Andrea, S. (1999). Predictive statistical model for the analysis of drop impact damage on peach. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research 73, 275–282.Google Scholar
Mowatt, C. M. (1997). Factors influencing the bruise susceptibility of apples. PhD thesis, Massey University, New Zealand.Google Scholar
Pang, W., Studman, C. J. & Banks, N. H. (1991). Use of an Instrumented Sphere for Assessing Apple Bruising Thresholds. ASAE Paper No. 91-6596. St. Joseph, MI, USA: ASAE.Google Scholar
Pang, W., Studman, C. J. & Ward, G. T. (1992). Bruising damage in apple- to- apple impact. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research 52, 229–240.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Saltveit, M. E. (1984). Effects of temperature on firmness and bruising of Starkrimson Delicious and Golden Delicious apples. HortScience 19, 550–551.Google Scholar
Schoorl, D. & Holt, J. E. (1977). The effects of storage time and temperature on the bruising of Jonathan Delicious and Granny Smith apples. Journal of Texture Studies 8, 409–416.Google Scholar
Schulte, N. L., Brown, G. K. & Timm, E. J. (1992). Apple impact damage thresholds. Applied Engineering in Agriculture 8, 55–60.Google Scholar
Schulte-Pason, N. L., Timm, E. J., Ladd, J. D. & Brown, G. K. (1991). Peach and Pear Impact Damage Thresholds: a Progress Report. ASAE Paper No. 91-6620. St. Joseph, MI, USA: ASAE.Google Scholar
Siyami, S., Brown, G. K., Burgess, G. J., Gerrish, J. B., Tennes, B. R., Burton, C. L. & Zapp, H. R. (1988). Apple impact bruise prediction models. Transactions of the ASAE 31, 1038–1046.Google Scholar
Studman, C. J. (1997). Factors affecting the bruise susceptibility of fruit. In Plant Biomechanics: 1997 Conference Proceedings Volume I (Eds Jeronimidis, G. J. & Vincent, J. F. V.), pp. 273–281. Reading, UK: University of Reading.Google Scholar
Timm, E. J., Bollen, A. F., Dela Rue, B. T. & Woodhead, I. M. (1998). Apple damage and compressive forces in bulk bins during orchard transport. Applied Engineering in Agriculture 14, 165–172.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Timoshenko, S. P. & Goodier, J. N. (1951). Theory of Elasticity. New York, NY, USA: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
Van Lancker, J. (1979). Bruising of unpeeled apples and potatoes in relation with temperature and elasticity. Lebensmittel Wissenschaft und Technologie 12, 157–161.Google Scholar
Van Linden, V., De Ketelaere, B., Desmet, M. & De Baerdemaeker, J. (2006 a). Determination of bruise susceptibility of tomato fruit by means of an instrumented pendulum. Postharvest Biology and Technology 40, 7–14.Google Scholar
Van Linden, V., Scheerlinck, N., Desmet, M. & De Baerdemaeker, J. (2006 b). Factors that affect tomato bruise development as a result of mechanical impact. Postharvest Biology and Technology 42, 260–270.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Zeebroeck, M., Van Linden, V., Darius, P., De Ketelaere, B., Ramon, H. & Tijskens, E. (2007 a). The effect of fruit properties on the bruise susceptibility of tomatoes. Postharvest Biology and Technology 45, 168–175.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Zeebroeck, M., Van Linden, V., Darius, P., De Ketelaere, B., Ramon, H. & Tijskens, E. (2007 b). The effect of fruit factors on the bruise susceptibility of apples. Postharvest Biology and Technology 46, 10–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Zeebroeck, M., Van Linden, V., Ramon, H., De Baerdemaeker, J., Nicolaï, B. M. & Tijskens, E. (2007 c). Impact damage of apples during transport and handling. Postharvest Biology and Technology 45, 157–167.Google Scholar