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Efficacy of calcium chloride and arginine foliar spray in alleviating terminal heat stress in late-sown wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 December 2019

A. Roy Chowdhury*
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur-813 210, Bihar, India
M. Ghosh
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur-813 210, Bihar, India
M. Lal
Affiliation:
Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur-813 210, Bihar, India
A. Pal
Affiliation:
Department of Biochemistry and Crop Physiology, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur-813 210, Bihar, India
K. K. Hazra*
Affiliation:
Crop Production Division, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur208 024, Uttar Pradesh, India
S. S. Acharya
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur-813 210, Bihar, India
A. Chaurasiya
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur-813 210, Bihar, India
S. K. Pathak
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur-813 210, Bihar, India
*
Author for correspondence: K. K. Hazra, E-mail: kalikrishna123@gmail.com; A. Roy Chowdhury, E-mail: arnabuas@gmail.com
Author for correspondence: K. K. Hazra, E-mail: kalikrishna123@gmail.com; A. Roy Chowdhury, E-mail: arnabuas@gmail.com

Abstract

Terminal heat stress leads to sizeable yield loss in late-sown wheat in tropical environments. Several synthetic compounds are known to counteract plant stress emanating from abiotic factors. A field experiment was conducted in Sabour (eastern India) during 2013–2016 to investigate the field efficacy of two synthetic compounds, calcium chloride (CaCl2) and arginine, for improving grain yield of two contrasting wheat cultivars (DBW 14 and K 307) facing terminal heat stress. For this, foliar spray of 18.0 mM CaCl2 at booting (CCB) or anthesis (CCA), 9.0 mM CaCl2 at both booting and anthesis (CCB+A), 2.5 mM arginine at booting (ARGB) or anthesis (ARGA) and 1.25 mM arginine at both booting and anthesis (ARGB+A) treatments along with no-spray and water-spray treatments were evaluated in late-sown wheat. The highest grain yield was recorded in treatment CCB+A, followed by CCA and ARGB+A. However, the effect of these compounds was marginal on grain yield when applied only at the booting stage. Grains/ear and thousand-grain weight were found to be the critical determinants for yield in late-sown wheat. During the anthesis to grain filling period, flag-leaf chlorophyll degradation and increase in relative permeability in no-spray treatment were 34–36% and 29–52%, respectively, but these values were reduced considerably in CCB+A treatment followed CCA. Thus, foliar spray of 9.0 mM CaCl2 both at booting and anthesis stages may be recommended for alleviating the negative impacts of terminal heat stress in late-sown wheat and improving its productivity (>13%).

Type
Crops and Soils Research Paper
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019

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