Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-5nwft Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-02T06:42:52.045Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Environmental temperature, energy metabolism and heat regulation in sheep. I. Energy metabolism in closely clipped sheep

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

N. McC. Graham ,
F. W. Wainman ,
K. L. Blaxter  and
D. G. Armstrong
N. McC. Graham
Affiliation:
The Hannah Dairy Research Institute, Kirkhill, Ayr
F. W. Wainman
Affiliation:
The Hannah Dairy Research Institute, Kirkhill, Ayr
K. L. Blaxter
Affiliation:
The Hannah Dairy Research Institute, Kirkhill, Ayr
D. G. Armstrong
Affiliation:
The Hannah Dairy Research Institute, Kirkhill, Ayr
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

1. The energy exchange of two sheep closely clipped at weekly intervals was determined at three feeding levels and seven environmental temperatures, using a respiration apparatus in which radiant temperature was equal to ambient temperature. All measurements were made under conditions in which the animal was in equilibrium with its environment and heat storage was zero.

2. Body weight and fleece growth were both markedly reduced at the lowest feeding level. Weight losses were most marked at the lowest temperatures.

3. The energy lost in faeces decreased slightly as environmental temperature increased from 8 to 38° C. Urine energy losses also fell. Losses of energy as methane were maximal in the temperature range 23–28° C. As a result of these changes, the metabolizable energy of food increased with environmental temperature by 7 Cal./24 hr./° C.

4. The environmental temperature of the sheep at which their heat production was minimal, i.e. the ‘critical’ temperature was 39–40° C. for the lowest feeding level, 33° C. for the medium feeding level and 24–27° C. for the highest feeding level.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 52 , Issue 1 , February 1959 , pp. 13 - 24
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1959

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Armstrong, D. G. & Blaxter, K. L. (1957). Brit. J. Nutr. 11, 247.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Armstrong, D. G., Blaxter, K. L. & Graham, N. McC. (1957). Proc. Brit. Soc. Anim. Prod. p. 3.Google Scholar
Beakley, W. R. (1952). Studies in the interchange of heat between the bovine and its environment. Thesis, Glasgow University.Google Scholar
Beakley, W. R. & Findlay, J. D. (1954–1955). J. Agric. Sci. 45, 339.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blaxter, K. L. & Graham, N. McC. (1955). J. Agric. Sci. 46, 292.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blaxter, K. L., Graham, N. McC. & Rook, J. A. F. (1954–1955). J. Agric. Sci. 45, 10.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blaxter, K. L., Graham, N. McC. & Wainman, F. W. (1956). Brit. J. Nutr. 10, 69.Google Scholar
Blaxter, K. L., Graham, N. McC. & Wainman, F. W. (1958). J. Agric. Sci. 52, 41.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blaxter, K. L., Graham, N. McC., Wainman, F. W. & Armstrong, D. G. (1958). J. Agric. Sci. 52, 25.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blaxter, K. L. & Rook, J. A. F. (1953). Brit. J. Nutr. 7, 83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brody, S. (1945). Bioenergetics and Growth. New York: Reinhold Publishing Co.Google Scholar
Ferguson, K. A., Carter, H. B. & Hardy, M. H. (1949). Aust. J. Sci. Res. 2, 42.Google Scholar
Gagge, A. P. (1941). ‘Standard operative Temperature: a single measure of the combined effect of radiant temperature, of ambient air temperature and of air movement of the human body.’ In Temperature: Its Measurement and Control in Science and Industry. New York: Amer. Inst. Physics, Reinhold Publ. Co.Google Scholar
Giaja, J. (1938). Actualités Scientifiques et Industrielles, no. 577. Paris: Herman et Cie.Google Scholar
Houghten, F. C. & Yaglou, C. P. (1923). Trans. Amer. Soc. Heat Vent. Engrs, 29, 163.Google Scholar
Magee, H. E. (1924). J. Agric. Sci. 14, 512.Google Scholar
Marston, H. R. (1948). Aust. J. Sci. Res. B, 1, 362.Google Scholar
Mitchell, H. H. (1927). Annu. Rep. Univ. Ill. Agric. Exp. p. 155.Google Scholar
Ritzman, E. G. & Benedict, R. G. (1931). Bull. Univ. N.H. no. 45.Google Scholar
Scholander, P. F., Hock, R., Walters, V. & Irving, L. (1950). Biol. Bull., Woods Hole, 99, 259.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scholander, P. F., Hock, R., Walters, V., Johnson, F. & Irving, L. (1950). Biol. Bull., Woods Hole, 99, 237.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scholander, P. F., Walters, V., Hock, R. & Irving, L. (1950). Biol. Bull., Woods Hole, 99, 225.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Winslow, C. E. A. & Herrington, L. P. (1949). Temperature and Human Life. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Yaglou, C. P. (1949). ‘Indices of comfort’ in Physiology of Heat Regulation and the Science of Clothing. Editor, Newburgh, L. H.Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders Co.Google Scholar