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A Hindu Champion of Pan-Islamism: Lajpat Rai and the Khilafat Movement

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 April 2022

Vanya Vaidehi Bhargav Open the ORCID record for Vanya Vaidehi Bhargav [Opens in a new window]
Vanya Vaidehi Bhargav*
Affiliation:
Humanities Centre for Advanced Studies, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
*
Email: vanya.vaidehi@hotmail.com
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Abstract

Lala Lajpat Rai is increasingly viewed in historiography as a “Hindu nationalist” with a strong affinity with Savarkarite Hindutva. This article demonstrates that during the Khilafat movement, Lajpat Rai articulated a secular Indian nationalism that was sensitive to Muslim religiosity and Indian Muslims’ extraterritorial sympathies toward the caliphate and the Muslim world. Pigeonholing the entire thought of Lajpat Rai as “Hindu nationalism” obscures a historical-intellectual juncture when a Hindu political figure like him enthusiastically supported pan-Islamism as necessary for Indian nationalism. This article complicates scholarship that portrays Hindu responses to the Khilafat movement as consisting solely of fear and counter-consolidation. More importantly, by unveiling Rai's Khilafat-era nationalism, it uncovers the intellectual and political possibility of firmly holding a Hindu identity and articulating conceptions of Indian nationhood that are at ease with Islam and the wider Muslim world.

Keywords

First World WarHindu nationalismHindutvaIslamKhilafat movementLajpat RaiMuslim worldpan-Islamismsecular Indian nationalism
Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Asian Studies , Volume 81 , Issue 4 , November 2022 , pp. 689 - 705
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Copyright
Copyright © The Association for Asian Studies, Inc. 2022

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