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The impact of neonatal parameters and parental factors on body fat level in early childhood

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 March 2022

Łukasz Kryst Open the ORCID record for Łukasz Kryst [Opens in a new window] ,
Magdalena Żegleń ,
Maria Gał ,
Agnieszka Woronkowicz  and
Małgorzata Kowal
Łukasz Kryst*
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of Physical Education in Kraków, Poland
Magdalena Żegleń
Affiliation:
Pain Research Group, Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
Maria Gał
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of Physical Education in Kraków, Poland
Agnieszka Woronkowicz
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of Physical Education in Kraków, Poland
Małgorzata Kowal
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of Physical Education in Kraków, Poland
*
*Corresponding author. Email: lkryst@poczta.onet.pl
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Abstract

Parental and pregnancy characteristics can affect proportions and tissue composition of the child’s bodyand thereforecan influence their present and future health, as well as overall wellbeing. The aim of this study was to examine the differences between selected parental and birth-related parameters among preschool (3-7 years of age) children of varying adiposity status (n=541 girls and n=571 boys).The research was carried out in 20 randomly selected kindergartens in Krakow (Poland). Thickness of 6 skinfolds (biceps, triceps, subscapular, suprailiac, abdominal and calf) was measured. Sum of skinfolds was calculated and participants were divided into low, normal or high body fat groups. Birth-related characteristics were obtained using a questionnaire filled out by the children’s parents. Children of mothers who gained the most gestational weight were characterised by high adiposity. Preschoolers with the highest birth weight, body length and head circumference had the greatest adiposity. Children of relatively younger mothers had higher body fat, in comparison to the rest of the study group. Parents of preschoolers in the high adiposity category were characterised by a greater body mass, compared to the parents of children in other body fat groups and that boys with the highest adiposity relatively more often had a close relative with obesity. Children in varying adiposity categories differed in terms of some birth-related factors. Particular attention should be paid to familial and parental characteristics, because they may influence the child’s predisposition to excess adiposity deposition later in life.

Keywords

birth parametersadiposityskinfold thicknesspreschool children
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Biosocial Science , Volume 55 , Issue 4 , July 2023 , pp. 627 - 634
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

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