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Activities of pumpkin seed oil against Biomphalaria alexandrina snails and the infective stages of Schistosoma mansoni with special emphasis on genotoxic and histopathological alterations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 March 2024

S.E. Mohammed ,
H.S. Mossalem ,
R.M. Gad El-Karim ,
A.T. Morsy  and
A.M. Ammar Open the ORCID record for A.M. Ammar [Opens in a new window]
S.E. Mohammed
Affiliation:
Medical Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
H.S. Mossalem
Affiliation:
Environmental Research and Medical Malacology Division, Theodore Bilharz Research Institute, Imbaba, Giza, Egypt
R.M. Gad El-Karim
Affiliation:
Environmental Research and Medical Malacology Division, Theodore Bilharz Research Institute, Imbaba, Giza, Egypt
A.T. Morsy
Affiliation:
Respiratory Care Technology Department, Faculty of Applied Health Science Technology, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
A.M. Ammar*
Affiliation:
Medical Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
*
Corresponding author: A.M. Ammar; Email: dr_asma_mostafa@med.asu.edu.eg
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Abstract

Schistosomiasis is a serious health issue in tropical regions, and natural compounds have gained popularity in medical science. This study investigated the potential effects of pumpkin seed oil (PSO) on Biomphalaria [B.] alexandrina snails (Ehrenberg, 1831), Schistosoma [S.] mansoni (Sambon, 1907) miracidium, and cercariae. The chemical composition of PSO was determined using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. A bioassay was performed to evaluate the effects of PSO on snails, miracidia, and cercariae. The results showed no significant mortality of B. alexandrina snails after exposure to PSO, but it caused morphological changes in their hemocytes at 1.0 mg/ml for 24 hours. PSO exhibited larvicidal activity against miracidia after 2 hours of exposure at a LC50 of 618.4 ppm. A significant increase in the mortality rate of miracidia was observed in a dose- and time-dependent manner, reaching a 100% death rate after 10 minutes at LC90 and 15 minutes at LC50 concentration. PSO also showed effective cercaricidal activity after 2 hours of exposure at a LC50 of 290.5 ppm. Histological examination revealed multiple pathological changes in the digestive and hermaphrodite glands. The PSO had genotoxic effects on snails, which exhibited a significant increase [p≤0.05] in comet parameters compared to the control. The findings suggest that PSO has potential as a molluscicide, miracidicide, and cercaricide, making it a possible alternative to traditional molluscicides in controlling schistosomiasis.

Keywords

Biomphalaria alexandrina snailsSchistosoma mansonipumpkin seed oilmolluscicidecomet assay
Type
Research Paper
Information
Journal of Helminthology , Volume 98 , 2024 , e25
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press

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