Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-x24gv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-12T15:09:58.730Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Lower and Middle Ordovician Lithistid Demosponges from the Mingan Islands, Gulf of St. Lawrence, Quebec, Canada

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 August 2017

J. Keith Rigby  and
Andre Desrochers
J. Keith Rigby
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602-4660, USA
Andre Desrochers
Affiliation:
Ottawa-Carleton Geoscience Centre, Department of Geology, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

New collections, as well as original type material, of Lower and Middle Ordovician sponges from the Mingan Island Archipelago are described and figured from the Mingan and Romaine Formations. Archaeoscyphia minganensis (Billings, 1859), Hudsonospongia minganensis Raymond and Okulitch, 1940, H. irregularis Raymond and Okulitch, 1940, H. duplicata Raymond and Okulitch, 1940, Zittelella varians (Billings, 1861a), and Eospongia roemeri Billings, 1861, are redescribed from original type specimens and new collections. The species Archaeoscyphia pulchra (Bassler, 1927), Rhopalocoelia clarkii Raymond and Okulitch, 1940, Psarodictyum magnificum Raymond and Okulitch, 1940, and Lissocoelia ramosa Bassler, 1927 are reported and described from the Mingan Islands for the first time. To these sponges are added the new species Anthaspidella amplia, Archaeoscyphia undulata, Hudsonospongia nodosa, and Zittelella grossa, which are described from type specimens from the Mingan Formation.

The assemblage from 12 localities from the Mingan Formation, and one from the Romaine Formation, represents one of the most diverse demosponge faunas from eastern North America. Sponges in most of the localities accumulated as transported debris or lag gravels, but locally, some grew in small reefoidal mounds and also accumulated as adjacent debris.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Paleontology , Volume 69 , Issue S41: Paleontological Society Memoir 41. Lower and Middle Ordovician Lithistid Demosponges from the Mingan Islands, Gulf of St. Lawrence, Quebec, Canada , July 1995 , pp. 1 - 35
Copyright
Copyright © 1995 by The Paleontological Society, Inc. 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bassler, R. S. 1915. Bibliographic index of American Ordovician and Silurian fossils. U.S. National Museum Bulletin, 92, Parts 1 and 2, 1521 p.Google Scholar
Bassler, R. S. 1927. A new Early Ordovician sponge fauna. Washington Academy of Sciences Journal, 17:390–394.Google Scholar
Bassler, R. S. 1941. The Nevada Early Ordovician (Pogonip) sponge fauna. U.S. National Museum Proceedings, 91:91–102.Google Scholar
Beresi, M. S., and Rigby, J. K. 1993. The Lower Ordovician sponges of San Juan, Argentina. Brigham Young University Geology Studies, 39:1–63.Google Scholar
Berry, W. B. N. 1960. Graptolite faunas of the Marathon Region, West Texas. Bureau of Economic Geology University of Texas Publication, 6005:1–179.Google Scholar
Billings, E. 1859. Fossils of the Calciferous sandrock, including some of the deposit of white limestone at Mingan, supposed to belong to the formation. Canadian Naturalist and Geologist and Proceedings of the Natural History Society of Montreal, 4:345–346.Google Scholar
Billings, E. 1861a. New species of Lower Silurian fossils. Geological Survey of Canada, Pamphlet (advance sheets, first 24 p. of Palaeozoic Fossils), 21:1–24.Google Scholar
Billings, E. 1861b. Appendix, On some new or little known species of Lower Silurian fossils from the Potsdam Group—”Primordial Zone.” Report on the Geology of Vermont (advance sheets of first 18 p. of Palaeozoic Fossils), 2:942–960.Google Scholar
Billings, E. 1862. A description of some of the Lower Silurian fossils found in northern Vermont and Canada, p. 214–232. In Hague, A. D., Report on the Economical Geology, Physical Geography and Scenery of Vermont. Report on the Geology of Vermont, 2.Google Scholar
Billings, E. 1863. Catalogue of Lower Silurian fossils. In: Report of Progress from Commencement to 1863. Geological Survey of Canada, 936–954.Google Scholar
Billings, E. 1865. On some new or little-known species of Lower Silurian fossils from Potsdam Group (Primordial Zone). In Palaeozoic Fossils, Containing Descriptions and Figures of New or Little-known Species of Organic Remains from the Silurian Rocks. Geological Survey of Canada, 1, 426 p.Google Scholar
Bolton, T. E. 1960. Catalogue of type invertebrate fossils of the Geological Survey of Canada. Geological Survey of Canada, 1:1–215.Google Scholar
Church, S. B. 1974. Lower Ordovician patch reefs in western Utah. Brigham Young University Geology Studies, 21:41–62.Google Scholar
Cooper, G. A. 1956. Chazyan and related brachiopods. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 127, Part 1, 1,024 p.Google Scholar
Cullison, J. S. 1944. The stratigraphy of some Lower Ordovician formations from the Ozark Uplift. Bulletin of the University of Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy, Technical Series, 15(2):1–112.Google Scholar
Desrochers, A. 1983. Géologie du secteur ouest des Îles de Mingan. Ministère de l'Énergie et des Ressources, Québec, DP 83–04.Google Scholar
Desrochers, A. 1988. Stratigraphie de l'Ordovicien de la région l'archipel de Mingan. Ministère de l'Energie et des ressources du Quebec, Rapport Geologie MM 87-01, 70 p.Google Scholar
Desrochers, A., and James, N. P. 1989. Middle Ordovician (Chazyan) bioherms and biostromes of the Mingan Islands, Quebec, p. 183–191. In Geldsetzer, H. H. J., James, N. P., and Tebbutt, G. E. (eds.), Reefs, Canada and Adjacent Areas. Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists Memoir, 13.Google Scholar
Finks, R. M. 1960. Late Paleozoic sponge faunas of the Texas region. The siliceous sponges. American Museum of Natural History Bulletin, 120, Article 1, 160 p.Google Scholar
Finks, R. M. 1967a. S. A. Miller's Paleozoic sponge families of 1889. Journal of Paleontology, 41:803–807.Google Scholar
Finks, R. M. 1967b. Phylum Porifera Grant, 1836, p. 333–341. In Satterthwaite, G. E. (ed.), The Fossil Record: A Symposium with Documentation. Geological Society of London, 827 p. Google Scholar
Freitas, T. A. De. 1989. Silurian Archaeoscyphia from the Canadian Arctic: a case for simplified generic taxonomy in the anthaspidellid lithistids (Porifera). Canadian Journal of Earth Science, 26:1861–1879.Google Scholar
Greife, J. L., and Langenheim, R. L. Jr. 1963. Sponges and brachiopods from the Middle Ordovician Mazourka Formation, Independence quadrangle, California. Journal of Paleontology, 37:564–574.Google Scholar
Hinde, G. J. 1888. Note on the spicules described by Billings in connection with the structures of Archaeocyathus minganensis . Geological Magazine, Series 3, 5:226–228.Google Scholar
Hinde, G. J. 1889. On Archaeocyathus Billings, and on other genera, allied to or associated with it, from the Cambrian strata of North America, Spain, Sardinia, and Scotland. Geological Society of London Quarterly Journal, 45:125–148.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hintze, L. F. 1951. Lower Ordovician detailed stratigraphic sections for western Utah. Bulletin of Utah Geological and Mineralogical Survey, 39, 100 p.Google Scholar
Hintze, L. F. 1952. Lower Ordovician trilobites from western Utah and eastern Nevada. Bulletin of Utah Geological and Mineralogical Survey, 48, 249 p.Google Scholar
Howell, B. F. 1938. The sponge Zittelella varians from the Ordovician of Vermont. Bulletin Wagner Free Institute of Science, 13:31–33.Google Scholar
Johns, R. A. 1993. Paleoecology and depositional environments of Ordovician sponge communities in central and eastern Nevada, 1, 2. Unpubl. Ph.D. dissertation, The University of Texas at Austin, 562 p.Google Scholar
Johns, R. A. 1994. Ordovician lithistid sponges of the Great Basin. Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology Open-file Report, 1994–1, 160 p.Google Scholar
Koninck, L. G. De. 1898. Descriptions of the Palaeozoic fossils of New South Wales (Australia). Geological Survey of New South Wales Memoir, Palaeontology, 6, 298 p.Google Scholar
Langenheim, R. L. Jr., Barnes, J. A., Delise, S. C., Ross, W. A., and Stanton, J. L. 1956. Middle and Upper(?) Ordovician rocks of Independence quadrangle, California. Bulletin of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 40:2081–2097.Google Scholar
De Laubenfels, M. W. 1955. Porifera, p. E21–E112. In Moore, R. C. (ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part E. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence, Kansas.Google Scholar
Logan, W. E. 1863. Report on the geology of Canada. Geological Survey of Canada Report of Progress (1863), p. 983.Google Scholar
Ludvigsen, R. 1979. A trilobite zonation of Middle Ordovician rocks, southwestern District of Mackenzie. Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin, 312, 99 p.Google Scholar
Miller, S. A. 1889. Class Porifera, p. 152–167. In North American Geology and Paleontology. Western Methodist Book Concern, Cincinnati, Ohio (published by the author). [Includes some genera that were first published here, from page proofs of Ulrich and Everett (1890), so those genera should be cited as Ulrich and Everett, in Miller (see Finks, 1967a).].Google Scholar
Nowlan, G. S. 1981. Stratigraphy and conodont faunas of the Lower and Middle Ordovician Romaine and Mingan formations, Mingan Island, Quebec. Maritime Sediments and Atlantic Geology; Abstract Volume, 17:67.Google Scholar
Oswald, F. 1847. Über die Petrefacten von Sadewitz. In Übersicht Arbeit und Veraenderungen Schlesischer Gesellschaft für Vaterlandische Cultur im Jahr 1846. Breslau, p. 56–65.Google Scholar
Pitcher, M. 1964. Evolution of Chazyan (Ordovician) reefs of eastern United States and Canada. Canadian Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, 12:632–691.Google Scholar
Pratt, B. R., and James, N. P. 1982. Cryptalgalmetazoan bioherms of early Ordovician age in the St. George Group, western Newfoundland. Sedimentology, 29:543–569.Google Scholar
Rauff, H. 1893. Palaeospongiologie. Palaeontographica, 40:1–232.Google Scholar
Rauff, H. 1894. Palaeospongiologie. Palaeontographica, 41:233–346.Google Scholar
Rauff, H. 1895. Palaeospongiologie. Palaeontographica, 43:223–272.Google Scholar
Raymond, P. E., and Okultich, V. J. 1940. Some Chazyan sponges. Harvard College Museum of Comparative Zoology Bulletin, 86(5):195–214.Google Scholar
Richardson, J. 1857. Report of the year 1856. Geological Survey of Canada Report of Progress for the years 1853–56:191–245.Google Scholar
Rigby, J. K. 1983. Fossil Demospongea, p. 12–39. In Broadhead, T. W. (ed.), Sponges and Spongiomorphs, Notes for a Short Course. University of Tennessee Department of Geological Sciences Studies in Geology, 7.Google Scholar
Rigby, J. K. 1991. Evolution of heteractinid calcareous sponges and demosponges—patterns and records p. 83–101. In Reitner, J. and Kuepp, H. (eds.), Fossil and Recent Sponges. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.Google Scholar
Rigby, J. K., and Dixon, O. A. 1979. Sponge fauna of the Upper Silurian Read Bay Formation, Somerset Island, District of Franklin, Arctic Canada. Journal of Paleontology, 53:587–627.Google Scholar
Rigby, J. K., and Webby, B. D. 1988. Late Ordovician sponges from the Malongulli Formation of central New South Wales, Australia. Palaeontographica Americana, 56:1–147.Google Scholar
Riva, J. 1969. Middle and Upper Ordovician graptolite faunas of the St. Lawrence Lowlands of Quebec and of Anticosti Island, p. 513–536. In North Atlantic—Geology and Continental Drift—International Conference, Gander, Newfoundland, 1967, Symposium. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir, 12.Google Scholar
Riva, J. 1974. A revision of some Ordovician graptolites of eastern North America. Palaeontology, 17:1–40.Google Scholar
Ross, R. J. Jr. 1949. Stratigraphy and trilobite faunal zones of the Garden City Formation, northeastern Utah. American Journal of Science, 247:472–491.Google Scholar
Ross, R. J., et al. 1982. The Ordovician System in the United States. International Union of Geological Sciences Publication 12, 73 p.Google Scholar
Schmidt, O. 1870. Grundzüge einer Spongien-fauna des atlantischen Gebietes. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, 88 p.Google Scholar
Schuchert, C., and Twenhofel, W. H. 1910. Ordovic-Siluric section of the Mingan and Anticosti Islands. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 21:686–693.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shaw, F. C. 1980. Shallow-water lithofacies and trilobite lithofacies of the Mingan Formation (Ordovician), Eastern Quebec. Le Naturaliste Canadien, 107:227–242.Google Scholar
Sollas, W. J. 1875. Sponges, p. 451. In Encyclopaedia Britannica, Ninth edition, London.Google Scholar
Sweet, W. C., Ethington, R. L., and Barnes, C. R. 1971. North American Middle and Upper Ordovician conodont faunas. Geological Society of America Memoir, 127:163–193.Google Scholar
Toomey, D. F., and Nitecki, M. H. 1979. Organic buildups in the Lower Ordovician (Canadian) of Texas and Oklahoma. Fieldiana: Geology, New Series, 2, 181 p.Google Scholar
Twenhofel, W. H. 1926. Geology of the Mingan Islands, Quebec. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 37:535–550.Google Scholar
Twenhofel, W. H. 1931. Geology of the Mingan Islands, Quebec. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 42:575–588.Google Scholar
Twenhofel, W. H. 1938. Geology and paleontology of the Mingan Islands. Geological Society of America Special Paper, 11, 132 p.Google Scholar
Ulrich, E. O. 1890. American Palaeozoic sponges. Geological Survey of Illinois, 8:209–241, 701–706.Google Scholar
Ulrich, E. O., and Everett, E. O. 1890. Description of Lower Silurian sponges. Geological Survey of Illinois, 8:253–282. [see also Miller, 1890].Google Scholar
Van Kempen, Th. M. G. 1969. Lissocoelia sp. cf. ramosa Bassler een verkiezlde kalksteen as zwerfsteen uit twente, Provincie Oversijsel. Grondbor en Hamer, 3:101–108.Google Scholar
Walcott, C. O. 1886. Second contribution to the studies of the Cambrian faunas of North America. U. S. Geological Survey Bulletin, 30, 369 p.Google Scholar
Wyatt, J. L. 1979. Carbonate mud mounds from the Lower Ordovician Wahwah Limestone of the Ibex area, western Millard County, western Utah. Brigham Young University Geology Studies, 26:101–114.Google Scholar
Zittel, K. A. 1878. Studien über fossile Spongien, Zweiter Abteilung, Lithistidae; Dritte Abteilung. Monactinellidae, Tetractinellidae und Calcispongiae. Königlich Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften Mathematische-Physicalischen Klasse, Abhandlungen, 2, 138 p.Google Scholar