Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-x5gtn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-02T10:46:52.570Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Marjuman (Cambrian) agnostoid trilobites of the Cow Head Group, western Newfoundland

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 May 2016

Stephen R. Westrop ,
Rolf Ludvigsen  and
Cecil H. Kindle
Stephen R. Westrop
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1
Rolf Ludvigsen
Affiliation:
School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 2Y2 (Mailing Address: 4062 Wren Road, Denman Island, British Columbia VOR 1TO)
Cecil H. Kindle
Affiliation:
332 N. Midland Ave., Upper Nyack, New York 10960
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Shelf-derived limestone boulders in debris flows of the Cow Head Group, western Newfoundland, have yielded rich mid- to Upper Cambrian trilobite faunas. The agnostoid component of Marjuman boulders consists of 23 species assigned to 11 genera; Kormagnostus boltoni and Kormagnostus? copelandi are new. Cladistic parsimony analysis of the Ptychagnostidae Kobayashi reduces this family to 3 genera: Ptychagnostus Jaekel, Pseudophalacroma Pokrovskaya and Lejopyge Hawle and Corda; Ptychagnostus includes three non-obligate subgenera: P. (Ptychagnostus) (= Tomagnostus Howell); P. (Goniagnostus) Howell and P. (Aotagnostus) öpik (= Myrmecomimus öpik). Correlation with zonations established in northern Canada and Utah indicates that the Cow Head Group includes a nearly complete sequence of agnostoid faunas from the mid-Cambrian Ptychagnostus gibbus Zone to the Upper Marjuman Cedaria brevifrons Zone.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Paleontology , Volume 70 , Issue 5 , September 1996 , pp. 804 - 829
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adrain, J. M., and Chatterton, B. D. E. 1994. The aulacopleurid trilobite Otarion with new species from the Silurian of northwestern Canada. Journal of Paleontology, 68:305–323.Google Scholar
Angelin, N. P. 1851. Palaeontologia Suecica, pars 1: Iconographia crustaceorum formationis transitionis. Lund. 24 pp.Google Scholar
Babcock, L. E. 1994. Systematics and phylogenetics of polymeroid trilobites from the Henson Gletscher and Kap Stanton formations (Middle Cambrian), North Greenland. Gr⊘nlands Geologiske Unders⊘gelse Bulletin, 169:79–127.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Benton, M. J. 1990. Origin and interrelationships of dinosaurs, p. 11–30. In Weishampel, D.B., Dodson, P. and Osmolska, H. (eds.), The Dinosauria. University of California Press.Google Scholar
Bergeron, M. J. 1899. Étude de quelques trilobites de Chine. Bulletin de la Société géologique de France, series 3, 27:499–516.Google Scholar
Beyrich, E. 1845. Uber einige böhemische Trilobiten. Berlin, 47 p.Google Scholar
Briggs, D. E. G., and Fortey, R. A. 1989. The early radiation and relationships of the major arthropod groups. Science, 246:241–243.Google Scholar
Br⊘gger, W. C. 1878. Om paradoxideskifrene ved Krekling. Nyt Magazin for Naturvidenskaberne, 24:18–88.Google Scholar
Bruton, D. L. and Owen, A. W. 1990. The Norwegian Upper Ordovician illaenid trilobites. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift, 68:241–258.Google Scholar
Edgecombe, G. D., and Chatterton, B. D. E. 1990. Systematics of Encrinuroides and Curriella (Trilobita), with a new Early Silurian encrinurine from the Mackenzie Mountains. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 27:820–833.Google Scholar
Egorova, L. I., Shabanov, Y. Y., Pegel, T. V., Savitsky, V. E., Suchov, S. S., and Chernysheva, N. E. 1982. Maya Stage of the type locality (Middle Cambrian of Siberian Platform). Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Interdepartmental Stratigraphic Committee of the USSR, Transactions, 8:1–145. (In Russian)Google Scholar
Ergaliev, G. K. 1980. Trilobites of the Middle and Upper Cambrian of the Malyi Karatau. Kazakhstan SSR Academy of Sciences, K.I. Satpaev Institute of Geological Sciences, 211 p. (In Russian)Google Scholar
Forey, P. L. 1982. Neontological analysis versus palaeontological stories, p. 119–157. In Joysey, K. A. and Friday, A. E. (eds.), Problems of Phylogenetic Reconstruction. Systematics Association Special Volume, 21.Google Scholar
Fortey, R. A., and Chatterton, B. D. E. 1988. Classification of the trilobite suborder Asaphina. Palaentology, 31:165–222.Google Scholar
Fritz, W. H., Kindle, C. H., and Lesp, P. J.érance. 1970. Trilobites and stratigraphy of the Middle Cambrian Corner-of-the-Beach Formation, eastern Gaspé Peninsula, Quebec. Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin, 187:43–58.Google Scholar
Grönwall, K. A. 1902. Bornholms Paradoxideslag og deres fauna. Danmark geologiske Unders⊘gelse (Series 2), 13, 220 p.Google Scholar
Gould, S. J. 1991. The disparity of the Burgess Shale arthropod fauna and the limits of cladistic analysis: why we must strive to quantify morphospace. Paleobiology, 17:411–423.Google Scholar
Hawle, I., and Corda, A. J. C. 1847. Prodrom einer Monographie der böhemischen Trilobiten. Prague, 176 p.Google Scholar
Hicks, H. 1872. On some undescribed fossils from the Menevian Group. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London, 28:173–185.Google Scholar
Hughes, N. C. 1994. Ontogeny, intraspecific variation, and systematics of the Late Cambrian trilobite Dikelocephalus. Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology, 79, 89 p.Google Scholar
Hughes, N. C. and Rushton, A. W. A. 1990. Computer-aided reconstruction of a Late Cambrian ceratopygid trilobite from Wales and its phylogenetic implications. Palaeontology, 33:429–445.Google Scholar
Hutchinson, R. D. 1962. Cambrian stratigraphy and trilobite faunas of southeastern Newfoundland. Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 88, 156 p.Google Scholar
Jaekel, O. 1909. Uber die Agnostiden. Zeitschrift deutsche geologische Gesellschaft, 61:380–401.Google Scholar
Jago, J. B. 1976. Late Middle Cambrian agnostid trilobites from northwestern Tasmania. Palaeontology, 19:133–172.Google Scholar
Jago, J. B., and Daily, B. 1974. The trilobite Clavagnostus Howell from the Cambrian of Tasmania. Palaeontology, 17:95–109.Google Scholar
James, N. P., and Stevens, R. H. 1986. Stratigraphy and correlation of the Cambro-Ordovician Cow Head Group, western Newfoundland. Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 366, 143 p.Google Scholar
James, N. P., Stevens, R. H., Barnes, C. R. and Knight, I. 1989. Evolution of a Lower Paleozoic continental-margin carbonate platform, northern Canadian Appalachians. SEPM Special Publication 44:123–146.Google Scholar
Jell, P. A., and Robison, R. A. 1978. Revision of a Late Middle Cambrian trilobite faunule from northwestern Queensland. University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions, Paper 90, 21 p.Google Scholar
Jones, B. 1988. Biostatistics in paleontology. Geoscience Canada, 15:3–22.Google Scholar
Kindle, C. H. 1982. The C.H. Kindle Collection: Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician trilobites frm the Cow Head Group, western Newfoundland. Geological Survey of Canada, Paper 82-1C:1–17.Google Scholar
Kindle, C. H. and Whittington, H. B. 1958. Stratigraphy of the Cow Head region, western Newfoundland. Geological Society of America, Bulletin, 69:315–342.Google Scholar
Kobayashi, T. 1939. On the agnostids (part 1). Journal of the Faculty of Science, Imperial University of Tokyo, 5:69–198.Google Scholar
Laurie, J. 1988. Revision of some Australian Ptychagnostinae (Agnostida, Cambrian). Alcheringa, 12:169–205.Google Scholar
Laurie, J. 1989. Revision of species of Goniagnostus Howell and Lejopyge Corda from Australia (Agnostida, Cambrian). Alcheringa, 13:175–191.Google Scholar
Linnarsson, J. G. O. 1869. Om Vestergötlands “Andrarumskalk”. Geologiska Foreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar, 1:242–248.Google Scholar
Linnarsson, J. G. O. 1879. Om faunan i kalken med Conocoryphe exsulans (“Corunatuskalken). Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning [C], 35:1–31.Google Scholar
Lochman, C., and Duncan, D. 1944. Early Upper Cambrian faunas of central Montana. Geological Society of America, Special Paper 54, 181 p.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lochman-Balk, C., and Wilson, J. L. 1958. Cambrian biostratigraphy in North America. Journal of Paleontology. 32:312–350.Google Scholar
Lu, Yanhao, and Lin, Huanling. 1989. The Cambrian trilobites of western Zhejiang. Palaeontologia Sinica 178, 287 p. (In Chinese with English summary)Google Scholar
Ludvigsen, R., and Westrop, S. R. 1985. Three new Upper Cambrian stages for North America. Geology, 13:139–143.Google Scholar
Ludvigsen, R., Westrop, S. R., and Kindle, C. H. 1989. Sunwaptan (Upper Cambrian) trilobites of the Cow Head Group, western Newfoundland, Canada. Palaeontographica Canadiana 6, 175 p.Google Scholar
M'Coy, F. 1849. On the classification of some British fossil Crustacea with notices of some new forms in the University collection at Camebridge. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (2), 4:161–179, 330-335, 392-414.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maddison, W. P., and Maddison, D. R. 1992. MacClade version 3. Sinauer Inc.Google Scholar
Melzak, A., and Westrop, S. R. 1994. Mid-Cambrian (Marjuman) trilobites from the Pika Formation, southern Canadian Rocky Mountains, Alberta. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 31:969–985.Google Scholar
Öpik, A. A. 1961. The geology and palaeontology of the headwaters of the Burke River, Queensland. Australian Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and Geophysics Bulletin, 53, 249 p.Google Scholar
Öpik, A. A. 1967. The Mindyallan Fauna of north-western Queensland. Australian Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and Geophysics Bulletin, 74, Vol. 1, 404 p., Vol. 2, 167 p.Google Scholar
Öpik, A. A. 1979. Middle Cambrian agnostoids: systematics and biostratigraphy. Australian Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and Geophysics Bulletin, 172, Vol. 1, 188 p., Vol. 2, 67 plates.Google Scholar
Palmer, A. R. 1954. The faunas of the Riley Formation in central Texas. Journal of Paleontology, 28:709–786.Google Scholar
Palmer, A. R. 1962. Glyptagnostus and associated trilobites in the United States. United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 374F, 49 p.Google Scholar
Palmer, A. R. 1968. Cambrian trilobites of east-central Alaska. United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 559B, 115 p.Google Scholar
Pratt, B. R. 1992. Trilobites of the Marjuman and Steptoean stages (Upper Cambrian), Rabitkettle Formation, southern Mackenzie Mountains, northwest Canada. Paleontographica Canadiana, 9, 179 p.Google Scholar
Rasetti, F. 1948. Middle Cambrian trilobites from the conglomerates of Quebec. Journal of Paleontology, 22:315–339Google Scholar
Rasetti, F. 1963. Middle Cambrian ptychoparioid trilobites from the conglomerates of Quebec. Journal of Paleontology, 37:575–594.Google Scholar
Rasetti, F. 1965. Upper Cambrian trilobite faunas of northeastern Tennessee. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 148, 3, 127 p.Google Scholar
Rasetti, F. 1967. Lower and Middle Cambrian trilobite faunas from the Taconic sequence of New York. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 152, 4, 152 p.Google Scholar
Resser, C. E. 1938. Cambrian System (restricted) of the southern Appalachians. Geological Society of America, Special Paper 15, 140 p.Google Scholar
Robison, R. A. 1964. Late Middle Cambrian faunas from western Utah. Journal of Paleontology, 38:510–566.Google Scholar
Robison, R. A. 1976. Middle Cambrian trilobite biostratigraphy of the Great Basin. Geological Studies, Brigham Young University, 23:93–109.Google Scholar
Robison, R. A. 1978. Origin, taxonomy and homeomorphs of Doryagnostus (Cambrian Trilobita). University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions, Paper 91, 10 p.Google Scholar
Robison, R. A. 1982. Some Middle Cambrian agnostoid trilobites from western North America. Journal of Paleontology, 56:132–160.Google Scholar
Robison, R. A. 1984. Cambrian Agnostida of North America and Greenland, Part 1, Ptychagnostidae. University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions, Paper 109, 59 p.Google Scholar
Robison, R. A. 1988. Trilobites of the Holm Dal Formation (late Middle Cambrian) central North Greenland. Meddelelser om Gr⊘nland, Geoscience, 20:20–103.Google Scholar
Robison, R. A. 1994. Agnostoid trilobites from the Henson Gletscher and Kap Stanton formations (Middle Cambrian), North Greenland. Gr⊘nlands Geologiske Unders⊘gelse Bulletin, 169:25–77.Google Scholar
Rowell, A. J., Robison, R. A., and Strickland, D. K. 1992. Aspects of Cambrian agnostoid phylogeny and chronocorrelation. Journal of Paleontology, 56:161–182.Google Scholar
Rozova, A. V. 1964. Biostratigraphy and description of trilobites of the Middle and Upper Cambrian of the northwestern Siberian platform. Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Siberian Division, Novosibirsk, 148 p. (In Russian)Google Scholar
Rozova, A. V. 1977. Upper Cambrian and Lower Ordovician of the Rubnoi, Khartaiki, Kureiki and Letnei river basins, p. 54–84. In Chernysheva, N. E. and Rozova, A. V. (eds.). Biostratigraphy and fauna of the Upper Cambrian and its boundary layers. Transactions of the Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Siberian Division, Novosibirsk. (In Russian)Google Scholar
Rushton, A. W. A. 1978. Fossils from the Middle-Upper Cambrian transition in the Nuneaton district. Palaeontology, 21:245–283.Google Scholar
Rushton, A. W. A. 1979. A review of the Middle Cambrian Agnostida from the Abbey Shales, England. Alcheringa, 3:43–61.Google Scholar
Salter, J. W. 1864. A monograph of the British trilobites from the Cambrian, Silurian and Devonian formations. Paleontographical Society Monograph, 80 p.Google Scholar
Samson, S., Palmer, A. R., Robison, R. A., and Secor, D. T. Jr. 1990. Biogeographical significance of Cambrian trilobites from the Carolina slate belt. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 102:1459–1470,Google Scholar
Schwimmer, D. R. 1988. Taxonomy and biostratigraphic significance of some Middle Cambrian trilobites from the Conasauga Formation in western Georgia. Journal of Paleontology, 63:484–494.Google Scholar
Sereno, P. C. 1991. Basal archosaurs: phylogenetic relationships and functional implications. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Memoir, 2, 53 p.Google Scholar
Shergold, J. H. 1982. Idamean (Late Cambrian) trilobites, Burke River Structural Belt, western Queensland. Australian Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and Geophysics Bulletin, 187, 103 p.Google Scholar
Shergold, J. H., Laurie, J. R. and Sun, Xiaowen. 1990. Classification and review of the trilobite order Agnostida Salter, 1864: an Australian perspective. Australian Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and Geophysics Report, 296, 93 p.Google Scholar
Smith, A. B. 1994. Systematics and the Fossil Record. Documenting Evolutionary Patterns. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Boston, 23 p.Google Scholar
Snadjr, M. 1958. Trilobiti ceského stredního kambria. Rozpravy ústredního ústavu geologického 24, 280 p.Google Scholar
Swofford, D. L. 1993. PAUP: Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony, Version 3.1.1. Computer program distributed by the Illinois Natural History Survey, Champaign, Illinois.Google Scholar
Tullberg, S. A. 1880. Agnostus-arterna i de Kambriska afflagringarne vid Andrarum. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning [C], 42:1–37.Google Scholar
Walcott, C. D. 1884. Paleontology of the Eureka district. United States Geological Survey Monograph, 8, 298 p.Google Scholar
Wang, Jinbin, Cheng, Shoude, Xiang, Linwen, and Zhang, Tairong. 1985. Stratigraphy and trilobite faunas of the Cambrian in the western part of northern Tianshan, Xinjiang. People's Republic of China, Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources Geological Memoirs, Series 2, 4, 243 p. (In Chinese, with English summary)Google Scholar
Westergård, A. H. 1946. Agnostidea of the Middle Cambrian of Sweden. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning [C], 477:1–141.Google Scholar
Westrop, S. R. 1992. Upper Cambrian (Marjuman-Steptoean) trilobites from the Port-au-Port Group, western Newfoundland. Journal of Paleontology, 66:228–255.Google Scholar
Westrop, S. R. 1995. Sunwaptan (Upper Cambrian) from the Rabbitkettle Formation, Mackenzie Mountains, Canada. Palaeontographica Canadiana 12, 75 p.Google Scholar
Whitehouse, F. W. 1936. The Cambrian faunas of north-eastern Australia, parts 1 and 2. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 11:59–112.Google Scholar
Whitehouse, F. W. 1939. The Cambrian faunas of north-eastern Australia, parts 3. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, new series 1:179–282.Google Scholar
Williams, H. 1975. Structural sucession, nomenclature and interpretation of transported rock in western Newfoundland. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 12:1874–1894.Google Scholar
Williams, H., and Hatcher, R.D. 1982. Suspect terranes and accretionary history of the Appalachian orogen. Geology, 10:530–536.Google Scholar
Young, G.A., and Ludvigsen, R. 1989. Mid-Cambrian trilobites from the lowest part of the Cow Head Group, western Newfoundland. Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin, 392, 49 p.Google Scholar
Zhang, W.T., and Jell, P.A. 1987. Cambrian Trilobites of North China—Chinese Cambrian Trilobites Housed in the Smithsonian Institution. Science Press. Beijing, 459 p.Google Scholar