Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-p2v8j Total loading time: 0.001 Render date: 2024-06-02T15:49:43.252Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

A three-dimensional CT (CAT) scan through a rock with Permian alga Ivanovia tebagaensis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 May 2016

Andrew M. Torres*
Affiliation:
Department of Botany, University of Kansas, Lawrence 66045

Abstract

Embedded thalli of Permian Ivanovia tebagaensis, a calcified, cyathiform, codiacean, Chlorophyta, were X-rayed with a medical CT (computed tomography) scanner. The two-dimensional digital X-ray image files were copied to floppy disks and transferred to an IBM-compatible personal computer. The images were cropped, and built into a data volume with a commercial three-dimensional software program. The data were color edited so that only the algae were visible. The data volume was then systematically manipulated to visualize some hitherto unknown details of the structure of the utricles, and of a vegetative propagule, a developing bud.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Conroy, G. C., and Vannier, M. W. 1984. Noninvasive three-dimensional computer imaging of matrix-filled fossil skulls by high-resolution computed tomography. Science, 226:456458.Google Scholar
Gould, G. C., Marcus, L. F., Gueziec, A. P., Daleo, G. F., and Reddy, D. P. 1996. Medical CT scan visualization and its application for the study of fossils using Data Explorer and InterFormat. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 16(3) Supplement, p. 38.Google Scholar
Hamada, T. S. Tateno, and Suzuki, N. 1991. Three dimensional reconstruction of fossils with X-ray CT and computer graphics. Scientific Papers of the College of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 41:107118.Google Scholar
Herbert, M. J., Jones, C. B., and Tudhope, D. S. 1995. Three-dimensional reconstruction of geoscientific objects from serial sections. The Visual Computer, 11:343359.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marx, M., and D'Auria, S. H. 1988. Three-dimensional CT reconstructions of an ancient human Egyptian mummy. American Journal of Roentgenology, 150:147149.Google Scholar
Mu, X. 1991. Fossil Udoteaceae and Gymnocodiaceae, p. 146166. In Riding, R. (ed.), Calcareous Algae and Stromatolites. Springer-Verlag, New York.Google Scholar
Rowe, T., Kappelman, J., Carlson, W. D., Ketcham, R. A., and Denison, C. 1997. High-resolution computed tomography; a breakthrough technology for earth scientists. Geotimes, 42(9):2327.Google Scholar
Spencer, M. A., and Spencer, G. S. 1995. Video-based three-dimensional morphometrics. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 96:443453.Google Scholar
Toomey, D. F. 1991. Late Permian reefs of southern Tunisia: facies patterns and comparison with the Capitan Reef, southwestern United States. Facies, 25:119146.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Torres, A. M. 1995. Ivanovia tebagaensis was a cyathiform Permian codiacean membranous alga with dimorphic cortices. Journal of Paleontology, 69:381387.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Torres, A. M., 1997. Reconstruction of a cyathiform Eugonophyllum, Upper Pennsylvanian, Palo Pinto County, Texas. Journal of Paleontology, 71:493499.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Torres, A. M., and Baars, D. L. 1992. Using the term utricle. Journal of Paleontology, 66:688.Google Scholar
Torres, A. M., West, R. R., and Sawin, R. S. 1992. Calcipatera cottonwoodensis, a new membranous Late Paleozoic calcareous alga. Journal of Paleontology, 66:678681.Google Scholar
Zinsmeister, W. J., and De Nooyer, C. 1996. Computed tomography: Non-destructive techniques for visualizing internal morphology of invertebrates. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, 28(7):294.Google Scholar