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Association of cortical gyrification, white matter microstructure, and phenotypic profile in medication-naïve obsessive–compulsive disorder

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 November 2023

Jianyu Li ,
Jian Cheng ,
Lei Yang ,
Qihui Niu ,
Yuanchao Zhang Open the ORCID record for Yuanchao Zhang [Opens in a new window]  and
Lena Palaniyappan
Jianyu Li
Affiliation:
School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
Jian Cheng
Affiliation:
School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
Lei Yang
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
Qihui Niu*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
Yuanchao Zhang*
Affiliation:
School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
Lena Palaniyappan
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
*
Corresponding author: Yuanchao Zhang; Email: yuanchao.zhang8@gmail.com; Qihui Niu; Email: chuntianniu@126.com
Corresponding author: Yuanchao Zhang; Email: yuanchao.zhang8@gmail.com; Qihui Niu; Email: chuntianniu@126.com
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Abstract

Background

Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is thought to arise from dysconnectivity among interlinked brain regions resulting in a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. Cortical gyrification, a key morphological feature of human cerebral cortex, has been considered associated with developmental connectivity in early life. Monitoring cortical gyrification alterations may provide new insights into the developmental pathogenesis of OCD.

Methods

Sixty-two medication-naive patients with OCD and 59 healthy controls (HCs) were included in this study. Local gyrification index (LGI) was extracted from T1-weighted MRI data to identify the gyrification changes in OCD. Total distortion (splay, bend, or twist of fibers) was calculated using diffusion-weighted MRI data to examine the changes in white matter microstructure in patients with OCD.

Results

Compared with HCs, patients with OCD showed significantly increased LGI in bilateral medial frontal gyrus and the right precuneus, where the mean LGI was positively correlated with anxiety score. Patients with OCD also showed significantly decreased total distortion in the body, genu, and splenium of the corpus callosum (CC), where the average distortion was negatively correlated with anxiety scores. Intriguingly, the mean LGI of the affected cortical regions was significantly correlated with the mean distortion of the affected white matter tracts in patients with OCD.

Conclusions

We demonstrated associations among increased LGI, aberrant white matter geometry, and higher anxiety in patients with OCD. Our findings indicate that developmental dysconnectivity-driven alterations in cortical folding are one of the neural substrates underlying the clinical manifestations of OCD.

Keywords

developmental dysconnectivitydirector field analysisgyrificationobsessive–compulsive disorder
Type
Original Article
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 54 , Issue 8 , June 2024 , pp. 1573 - 1579
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press

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Footnotes

*

Shared first authorship.

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