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Association of parental substance misuse with offspring substance misuse and criminality: a genetically informed register-based study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 June 2020

Antti Latvala Open the ORCID record for Antti Latvala [Opens in a new window] ,
Ralf Kuja-Halkola Open the ORCID record for Ralf Kuja-Halkola [Opens in a new window] ,
Brian M. D'Onofrio Open the ORCID record for Brian M. D'Onofrio [Opens in a new window] ,
Nitya Jayaram-Lindström ,
Henrik Larsson  and
Paul Lichtenstein
Antti Latvala*
Affiliation:
Institute of Criminology and Legal Policy, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Ralf Kuja-Halkola
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Brian M. D'Onofrio
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
Nitya Jayaram-Lindström
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Henrik Larsson
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Paul Lichtenstein
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
*
Author for correspondence: Antti Latvala, E-mail: antti.latvala@helsinki.fi
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Abstract

Background

Genetically informed studies have provided mixed findings as to what extent parental substance misuse is associated with offspring substance misuse and antisocial behavior due to shared environmental and genetic factors.

Methods

We linked data from nationwide registries for a cohort of 2 476 198 offspring born in Sweden 1958–1995 and their parents. Substance misuse was defined as International Classification of Diseases diagnoses of alcohol/drug use disorders or alcohol/drug-related criminal convictions. Quantitative genetic offspring-of-siblings analyses in offspring of monozygotic and dizygotic twin, full-sibling, and half-sibling parents were conducted.

Results

Both maternal and paternal substance misuse were robustly associated with offspring substance misuse [maternal adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 1.83 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.80–1.87); paternal aHR = 1.96 (1.94–1.98)] and criminal convictions [maternal aHR = 1.56 (1.54–1.58); paternal aHR = 1.66 (1.64–1.67)]. Additive genetic effects explained 42% (95% CI 25–56%) and 46% (36–55%) of the variance in maternal and paternal substance misuse, respectively, and between 36 and 44% of the variance in substance misuse and criminality in offspring. The associations between parental substance misuse and offspring outcomes were mostly due to additive genetic effects, which explained 54–85% of the parent-offspring covariance. However, both nuclear and extended family environmental factors also contributed to the associations, especially with offspring substance misuse.

Conclusions

Our findings from a large offspring-of-siblings study indicate that shared genetic influences mostly explain the associations between parental substance misuse and both offspring substance misuse and criminality, but we also found evidence for the contribution of environmental factors shared by members of nuclear and extended families.

Keywords

Criminalityoffspringparentsregister-based studysubstance misuse
Type
Original Article
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 52 , Issue 3 , February 2022 , pp. 496 - 505
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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Footnotes

*

These authors contributed equally to this work.

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