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Longitudinal study of peer victimization, social support, and mental health during early adolescence

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 February 2024

Matías Martínez Open the ORCID record for Matías Martínez [Opens in a new window] ,
Katherine S. Damme ,
Teresa Vargas ,
Beiming Yang ,
D. J. Rompilla ,
Jacquelyn Stephens ,
Yang Qu ,
Vijay A. Mittal  and
Claudia M. Haase
Matías Martínez*
Affiliation:
School of Education and Social Policy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
Katherine S. Damme
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
Teresa Vargas
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
Beiming Yang
Affiliation:
School of Education and Social Policy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
D. J. Rompilla
Affiliation:
Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic of University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
Jacquelyn Stephens
Affiliation:
Osher Center for Integrative Health, Medical Social Sciences Department, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
Yang Qu
Affiliation:
School of Education and Social Policy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
Vijay A. Mittal
Affiliation:
Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA Osher Center for Integrative Health, Medical Social Sciences Department, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA Department of Psychiatry, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
Claudia M. Haase
Affiliation:
School of Education and Social Policy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA Interdepartmental Neuroscience, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA Buffett Institute for Global Studies, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
*
Corresponding author: Matías Martínez; Email: matias@u.northwestern.edu
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Abstract

Background

Peer victimization predicts the development of mental health symptoms in the transition to adolescence, but it is unclear whether and how parents and school environments can buffer this link.

Methods

We analyzed two-year longitudinal data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, involving a diverse sample of 11 844 children across the United States (average at baseline = 9.91 years; standard deviation = 0.63; range = 8.92–11.08; complete case sample = 8385). Longitudinal associations between peer victimization and two-year changes in mental health symptoms of major depression disorder (MDD), separation anxiety (SA), prodromal psychosis (PP), and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were examined including a wide range of covariates. Mixed linear models were used to test for the moderating effects of parental warmth and prosocial school environment.

Results

20% of children experienced peer victimization. Higher exposure to peer victimization was associated with increases in MDD, SA, and ADHD symptoms. Parental warmth was associated with decreases in MDD symptoms but did not robustly buffer the link between peer victimization and mental health symptoms. Prosocial school environment predicted decreases in PP symptoms and buffered the link between peer victimization and MDD symptoms but amplified the link between peer victimization and SA and ADHD symptoms.

Conclusions

Peer victimization is associated with increases in mental health symptoms during the transition to adolescence. Parental warmth and prosocial school environments might not be enough to counter the negative consequences of peer victimization on all mental health outcomes.

Keywords

peer victimizationmental healthsocial supporthealthy context paradox
Type
Original Article
Information
Psychological Medicine , First View , pp. 1 - 16
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press

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