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The multi-generational familial aggregation of interstitial cystitis, other chronic nociplastic pain disorders, depression, and panic disorder

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 July 2023

Kristina Allen-Brady Open the ORCID record for Kristina Allen-Brady [Opens in a new window] ,
Abby J. Fyer Open the ORCID record for Abby J. Fyer [Opens in a new window]  and
Myrna Weissman Open the ORCID record for Myrna Weissman [Opens in a new window]
Kristina Allen-Brady
Affiliation:
Division of Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
Abby J. Fyer*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City, New York, USA
Myrna Weissman
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City, New York, USA
*
Corresponding author: Abby J. Fyer; Email: abby.fyer@nyspi.columbia.edu
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Abstract

Background

Interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (IC) is a chronic pelvic pain condition which has high comorbidity with other nociplastic, or unexplained, pain disorders [e.g. fibromyalgia (FM), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue (ME/CFS)] and some psychiatric conditions [major depressive disorder (MDD) and panic disorder (PD)]. Here we investigated the shared familiality of IC and these other nociplastic and psychiatric conditions.

Methods

Subjects were identified in the Utah Population Database, which links genealogy data back to the 1800s to medical record diagnosis billing code data back to 1995. We computed the relative risk of each of these disorders among first (FDR), second (SDR), and third-degree relatives (TDR) of six proband groups: IC, FM, IBS, ME/CFS, PD, and MDD. Given the known familial aggregation of each of these disorders, we conducted our analyses to test for heritable interrelationships using proband subgroups whose members did not have the diagnosis assessed in their relatives.

Results

We observed strong evidence for heritable interrelationships among all six disorders. Most analyses indicated significantly increased risk for each of the six disorders in FDR, SDR, and TDR of all or most proband groups. Out of 30 possible bidirectional disorder interrelationships, 26 were significant among FDR, 23 were significant among SDR, and 7 were significant among TDR. Clustering was observed in both close and distant relatives.

Conclusions

Our results support a common, heritable component to IC and other nociplastic and psychiatric conditions.

Keywords

Anxietyfamily studyfunctional painheritabilitymood disordersnociplastic painsyndrome
Type
Original Article
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 53 , Issue 16 , December 2023 , pp. 7847 - 7856
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press

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Footnotes

*

These authors contributed equally to the work.

Summary file

We observed strong evidence for heritable interrelationships among interstitial cystitis and other nociplastic pain and two psychiatric disorders suggesting a shared heritable component.

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