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Personalized attention control therapy for PTSD: effectiveness and moderators of outcome in a randomized controlled trial

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 November 2020

Adva Segal Open the ORCID record for Adva Segal [Opens in a new window] ,
Daniel S. Pine  and
Yair Bar-Haim
Adva Segal*
Affiliation:
School of Psychological Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
Daniel S. Pine
Affiliation:
Section on Development and Affective Neuroscience, Emotion and Development Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Yair Bar-Haim
Affiliation:
School of Psychological Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
*
Author for correspondence: Adva Segal, E-mail: advasegal@tau.ac.il
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Abstract

Background

Previous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) suggest that attention control therapy (ACT), targeting aberrant fluctuations of attention toward and away from threats in patients with PTSD, may be effective in reducing symptoms. The current RCT examined whether the use of personalized-trauma stimuli enhances ACT efficacy in patients with PTSD. Additional moderators of treatment outcome were tested on an exploratory basis.

Methods

Sixty patients with PTSD were randomly assigned to either personalized ACT, non-personalized ACT, or a control condition. Changes in symptoms were examined across pre-treatment, post-treatment, and a 3-month follow-up. Attentional interference was examined pre- and post-treatment. Baseline clinical and cognitive indices as well as the time elapsed since the trauma were tested as potential moderators of treatment outcome.

Results

A significant reduction in clinical symptoms was noted for all three conditions with no between-group differences. Attention bias variability decreased following ACT treatment. Personalized ACT was more effective relative to the control condition when less time had elapsed since the trauma. Baseline clinical and cognitive indices did not moderate treatment outcome.

Conclusions

In this RCT of patients with PTSD, ACT was no more effective in reducing PTSD symptoms than a control condition. The data also suggest a potential benefit of personalized ACT for patients who experienced their trauma more recently.

Keywords

Attention control therapyPTSDrandomized control trial
Type
Original Article
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 52 , Issue 12 , September 2022 , pp. 2365 - 2375
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press.

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