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Human occupation, site formation, and chronostratigraphy of a mid-Holocene archaeological site at the eastern Pampa-Patagonia transition, Argentina

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 April 2023

Gustavo Martínez Open the ORCID record for Gustavo Martínez [Opens in a new window] ,
Gustavo Adolfo Martínez  and
Lewis A. Owen
Gustavo Martínez*
Affiliation:
Instituto de Investigaciones Arqueológicas y Paleontológicas del Cuaternario Pampeano (INCUAPA), UNCPBA-CONICET, Olavarría, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Olavarría, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Av. del Valle 5737 (7400). Argentina
Gustavo Adolfo Martínez
Affiliation:
Instituto de Geología de Costas y del Cuaternario, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (IGCYC-UNMDP-CIC), Mar del Plata, Argentina
Lewis A. Owen
Affiliation:
Department of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695,
*
*Corresponding author email address: gmartine@soc.unicen.edu.ar
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Abstract

Intense aeolian processes in arid and semi-arid environments play an essential role in the preservation and destruction of archeological sites. This is especially the case in the lower basin of the Colorado River at the eastern Pampa-Patagonia Transition of Argentina, as is illustrated by geoarchaeological and chronostratigraphic studies at a mid-Holocene hunter-gatherer site, La Modesta, where aeolian processes strongly influence the archeological record in dune sediments. At La Modesta, surface archaeological materials are numerous and well preserved, although the stratigraphic record is incomplete. Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating of sediments that contain cultural material provides a chronology dating from ca. 8.2 ka but shows one or more hiatuses from ca. 6–2 ka in the sedimentary succession. Intense morphogenesis related to arid climates likely caused gaps in sedimentation, affecting the integrity and resolution of the archaeological record. This study helps explain mid-Holocene archaeological discontinuities throughout central Argentina and highlights the importance of considering taphonomic and geologic biases when dealing with the absence or reduction of the archaeological record in dryland regions.

Keywords

Hunter-gatherersGeoarchaeologyMid-HoloceneOSLDunesArid/Semiarid landscapesTaphonomic and geologic biasEastern Pampa-Patagonia TransitionArgentina
Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 114 , June 2023 , pp. 52 - 68
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Copyright
Copyright © University of Washington. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2023

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