Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-75dct Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-23T18:41:24.728Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Broadleaf weed control and white clover response to florpyrauxifen-benzyl + 2,4-D and common pasture herbicides

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 October 2022

Wykle C. Greene Open the ORCID record for Wykle C. Greene [Opens in a new window] ,
Scott Hagood ,
Benjamin Tracy Open the ORCID record for Benjamin Tracy [Opens in a new window] ,
Ozzie Abaye Open the ORCID record for Ozzie Abaye [Opens in a new window]  and
Michael L. Flessner Open the ORCID record for Michael L. Flessner [Opens in a new window]
Wykle C. Greene*
Affiliation:
Graduate Research Assistant, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
Scott Hagood
Affiliation:
Professor Emeritus, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
Benjamin Tracy
Affiliation:
Professor, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
Ozzie Abaye
Affiliation:
Professor, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
Michael L. Flessner
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Wykle Greene, Graduate Research Assistant, Virginia Tech, 675 Old Glade Road, Blacksburg, VA 24061. Email: wykle.greene@syngenta.com
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The combination of florpyrauxifen-benzyl + 2,4-D is a new, pre-packaged herbicide mixture for use in pastures and hayfields in the United States. Unlike many other pasture herbicides, florpyrauxifen-benzyl + 2,4-D is reported to preserve white clover. However, limited research exists on the efficacy of florpyrauxifen-benzyl + 2,4-D on common weed species and on the level of tolerance of white clover to it. Field trials were conducted in Virginia in 2018 to 2020 to evaluate control of various broadleaf weeds with florpyrauxifen-benzyl + 2,4-D compared to other commonly used herbicides. Field and greenhouse studies were also carried out to assess white clover tolerance. Weed species evaluated included bulbous buttercup, Canada thistle, horsenettle, and broadleaf plantain. Florpyrauxifen-benzyl + 2,4-D provided 75% to 99% control of all weeds 90 d after application except for horsenettle (56%), while causing the least white clover injury of any herbicide treatment that was evaluated. Spring herbicide applications resulted in greater bulbous buttercup control compared to fall applications, but florpyrauxifen-benzyl + 2,4-D provided greater than 81% control from both application timings. There were no differences in aboveground biomass between white clover varieties; however, all herbicides reduced white clover biomass compared to a nontreated control. This research suggests that florpyrauxifen-benzyl + 2,4-D can improve overall forage quality by controlling broadleaf weeds in mixed grass-legume stands while preserving white clover.

Keywords

hayfieldsapplication timinglegumes24-Dflorpyrauxifen-benzylbroadleaf plantain, Plantago major L.bulbous buttercup, Ranunculus bulbosus L.Canada thistle, Cirsium arvense L.horsenettle, Solanum carolinense L.white clover, Trifolium repens L.
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 36 , Issue 5 , October 2022 , pp. 708 - 715
Check for updates
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Weed Science Society of America

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Associate Editor: Kevin Bradley, University of Missouri

References

Beeler, JE, Mueller, TC, Rhodes, GN JR, Bates, GE (2003) Horsenettle (Solanum carolinense) control with Grazon P+D® in tall fesucue pastures. Page 261 in Proceedings of Southern Weed Science Society Annual Meeting. Houston, TX, January 27–29, 2003Google Scholar
Blouin, DC, Webster, EP, Bond, JA (2011) On the analysis of combined experiments. Weed Technol 25:165–169 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burns, JC, Goode, L, Gross, HD, Linnerud, AC (1973) Cow and calf gains on ladino clover-tall fescue and tall fescue, grazed alone and with coastal bermudagrass. Agron J 65:877–880 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cook, D, Ralphs, MH, Welch, KD, Stegelmeier, BL (2009) Locoweed poisoning in livestock. Rangelands 31:16–21 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eagle, AJ, Eiswerth, ME, Johnson, WS, Schoenig, SE, Van Kooten, GC (2007) Costs and losses imposed on California ranchers by yellow starthistle. Rangel Ecol Manag 60:369–377 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Enloe, SF, Johnson, J, Renz, M, Dorough, H, Tucker, K (2014) Hairy buttercup control and white clover tolerance to pasture herbicides. Forage Grazinglands 12:1–5 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flessner, ML, Taylor, S (2021) Weed Control in Field Crops. Virginia pest management guide: Field crops. Publication 456:293. Blacksburg: Virginia Cooperative ExtensionGoogle Scholar
Frans, R, Talbert, R, Marx, D, Crowley, H (1986) Experimental design and techniques for measuring and analyzing plant responses to weed control practices. Pages 37–38 in Camper, ND, ed. Research Methods in Weed Science. 3rd ed. Champaign, IL: Southern Weed Science Society Google Scholar
Gibson, PB, Cope, WA (1985) White clover. Clover Sci Technol 25:471–490 Google Scholar
Grekul, CW, Bork, EW (2004) Herbage yield losses in perennial pasture due to Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense). Weed Technol 18:784–794 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gunning, O (1949) Suspected buttercup poisoning in a jersey cow. Br Vet J 105:393 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gylling, SR, Arnold, WE, Science, SW, May, N (2009) Efficacy and economics of leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula) control in pasture. Weed Sci 33:381–385 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harrington, TB, Peter, DH, Devine, WD (2014) Two-year effects of aminopyralid on an invaded meadow in the Washington Cascades. Invas Plant Sci Mana 7:14–24 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hartley, MJ (1981) The effect of grazing and pasture species on the survival of Scotch thistle. Pages 114–116 in Proceedings of the New Zealand Weed and Pest Control Conference. Blenheim, New Zealand Google Scholar
Marshall, MW, Green, JD, Ditsch, DC, Turner, JW (2006) Tall ironweed (Vernonia altissima Nutt.) control in pastures with fall-applied herbicides. Weed Technol 20:52–57 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marten, GC, Sheaffer, CC, Wyse, DL (1987) Forage nutritive value and palatability of perennial weeds. Agron J 79:980–986 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mikkelson, JR, Lym, RG (2013) Effect of aminopyralid on desirable forage species. Invas Plant Sci Mana 6:30–35 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, AJ, Leite, VM, Hall, LM, Bork, EW (2020) Forage legume establishment under exposure to progressive declines in aminocyclopyrachlor and aminopyralid in temperate pastures. Agron J 10:392 Google Scholar
Payne, KK, Sleugh, BB, Bradley, KW (2010) Impact of herbicides and application timing on weed control, yield, and nutritive value of tall fescue pastures and hayfields. Weed Technol 24:515–522 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Perry, DH, Ellis, AT, Langston, VB, Lassiter, R, Thompson, GD, Viator, RP, Walton, LC, Weimer, MR (2015) Utility of a new arylpicolinate herbicide from Dow Agrosciences in U.S. mid-south rice. Proceedings of Weed Science Society of America Annual Meeting. Lexington, Kentucky, February 2–9, 2015Google Scholar
Posler, GL, Lenssen, AW, Fine, GL (1993) Forage yield, quality, compatibility, and persistence of warm-season grass—legume mixtures. Agron J 85:554–560 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sanderson, MA, Soder, KJ, Muller, LD, Klement, KD, Skinner, RH, Goslee, SC (2005) Forage mixture productivity and botanical composition in pastures grazed by dairy cattle. Agron J 97:1465–1471 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Seefeldt, SS, Stephens, JM, Verkaaik, ML, Rahman, A (2005) Quantifying the impact of a weed in a perennial ryegrass–white clover pasture. Weed Sci 53:113–120 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sleugh, B, Moore, KJ, George, JR, Brummer, EC (2000) Binary legume-grass mixtures improve forage yield, quality, and seasonal distribution. Agron J 92:24–29 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sleugh, BB, Flynn, S, Cummings, DC, Hatler, WL, Hillger, DE (2020) Can I keep my clover? Rinskor active: A new herbicide enabling selective broadleaf weed control in white clover-grass pastures. Proceedings of Weed Science Society of America Annual Meeting. Maui, Hawaii, March 2–5, 2020Google Scholar
Tiley, GE (2010) Biological flora of the British Isles: Cirsium arvense (L.) scop. Ecology 98:938–983 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wagner, RE (1954) Influence of legume and fertilizer nitrogen on forage production and botanical composition. Agron J 46:167–171 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Welsh, SL, Ralphs, MH, Panter, KE, Pfister, JA, James, LF (2007) Locoweeds of North America: taxonomy and toxicity. Poisonous plants Glob Res Solut 20–29 CrossRefGoogle Scholar