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Glyphosate Application Timing and Rate for Annual Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) Cover Crop Desiccation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Ryan D. Lins ,
Charles M. Cole ,
Richard P. Affeldt ,
Jed B. Colquhoun ,
Carol A. Mallory-Smith ,
Ronald A. Hines ,
Larry Steckel  and
Robert M. Hayes
Ryan D. Lins
Affiliation:
Oregon State University, 107 Crop Science Building, Corvallis, OR 97331
Charles M. Cole*
Affiliation:
Oregon State University, 107 Crop Science Building, Corvallis, OR 97331
Richard P. Affeldt
Affiliation:
Oregon State University, 107 Crop Science Building, Corvallis, OR 97331
Jed B. Colquhoun
Affiliation:
Oregon State University, 107 Crop Science Building, Corvallis, OR 97331
Carol A. Mallory-Smith
Affiliation:
Oregon State University, 107 Crop Science Building, Corvallis, OR 97331
Ronald A. Hines
Affiliation:
University of Illinois, Dixon Springs Agricultural Center, Simpson, IL 62985
Larry Steckel
Affiliation:
University of Tennessee, West Tennessee Experiment Station, Jackson, TN 38301
Robert M. Hayes
Affiliation:
University of Tennessee, West Tennessee Experiment Station, Jackson, TN 38301
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: chuck.cole@oregonstate.edu
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Abstract

Annual ryegrass has been proposed as a cover crop in the corn–soybean cropping systems of the U.S. Midwest because of its low seed cost, rapid establishment, contribution to soil quality, weed suppressive abilities, and susceptibility to common broad-spectrum herbicides. However, cover crops can reduce the subsequent main crop yield by creating unfavorable germination and emergence conditions, harboring pests, and if not controlled, competing with the main crop. This study, conducted in Illinois, Oregon, and Tennessee, investigated the efficacy of glyphosate for annual ryegrass winter cover crop removal. Glyphosate at 415, 830, and 1,660 g ae/ha was applied to annual ryegrass at late tiller, second node, boot, and early flowering stages. Annual ryegrass control was consistently maximized with the highest glyphosate rate applied at the boot or early flower stage. Annual ryegrass biomass was generally the lowest with the highest rate of glyphosate applied at the earlier stages. Overall, no single application timing at any glyphosate rate provided complete control or biomass reduction of the annual ryegrass cover crop. A sequential herbicide program or a glyphosate plus a graminicide tank-mix probably will be needed for adequate annual ryegrass stand removal.

Keywords

Glyphosate, annual ryegrass Lolium multiflorum L. LOLMU, corn, Zea mays L, soybean, Glycine max (L.) MerrCover crop removalsustainable agriculture
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 21 , Issue 3 , September 2007 , pp. 602 - 605
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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