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Integrating Cereals and Deep Tillage with Herbicide Programs in Glyphosate- and Glufosinate-Resistant Soybean for Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer Amaranth Management

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Holden D. Bell ,
Jason K. Norsworthy  and
Robert C. Scott
Holden D. Bell*
Affiliation:
Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, 1366 West Altheimer Drive, Fayetteville, AR 72704
Jason K. Norsworthy
Affiliation:
Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, 1366 West Altheimer Drive, Fayetteville, AR 72704
Robert C. Scott
Affiliation:
Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, Box 357, Lonoke, AR 72086
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: holdendbell@gmail.com.
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Abstract

A field experiment was conducted at Marianna, AR in 2012 and 2013 to test various combinations of (1) soybean production systems: full-season tillage (rye plus deep tillage using a moldboard plow), full season (no rye plus no tillage), late-season tillage (wheat plus deep tillage), and late season (no wheat plus no tillage); (2) soybean cultivars: glufosinate or glyphosate resistant; and (3) four herbicide programs for management of glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth. At soybean harvest, Palmer amaranth control was 95 to 100% when flumioxazin plus pyroxasulfone was applied PRE. In both years full-season tillage and late-season tillage systems in combination with flumioxazin plus pyroxasulfone applied PRE increased Palmer amaranth control over the same systems in the absence of flumioxazin plus pyroxasulfone applied PRE. The addition of deep tillage in the form of a moldboard plow to the full-season and late-season systems reduced Palmer amaranth densities at harvest. Similarly, Palmer amaranth seed production was often lower in the full-season tillage and late-season tillage systems compared with the full-season and late-season no-tillage systems, regardless of soybean cultivar and herbicide programs. Overall, the use of deep tillage in the full-season or late-season systems in combination with a PRE application of flumioxazin plus pyroxasulfone provided greater control of Palmer amaranth, decreasing both density and seed production and increasing soybean grain yields.

Un experimento de campo fue realizado en Marianna, Arkansas en 2012 y 2013, para evaluar varias combinaciones de (1) sistemas de producción de soja: temporada completa y labranza (centeno más labranza profunda), temporada completa (sin centeno y sin labranza), temporada tardía y labranza (trigo más labranza profunda), temporada tardía (sin trigo y sin labranza); (2) cultivares de soja: resistentes a glyphosate o a glufosinate; y (3) cuatro programas de herbicidas para el manejo de Amaranthus palmeri resistente a glyphosate. Al momento de la cosecha de la soja, el control de A. palmeri fue 95 a 100% cuando se aplicó flumioxazin más pyroxasulfone PRE. En ambos años los sistemas de temporada completa más labranza y temporada tardía más labranza en combinación con flumioxazin más pyroxasulfone aplicados PRE aumentaron el control de A. palmeri en comparación con los mismos sistemas en ausencia de flumioxazin más pyroxasulfone aplicados PRE. La adición de labranza profunda en forma de arado de vertedera a los sistemas de temporada completa y temporada tardía redujo las densidades de A. palmeri al momento de la cosecha. Similarmente, la producción de semilla de A. palmeri fue frecuentemente menor en los sistemas de temporada completa más labranza y temporada tardía más labranza al compararse con los sistemas de temporada completa y tardía sin labranza, sin importar el cultivar de soja ni el programa de herbicidas. En general, el uso de labranza profunda en sistemas de temporada completa y temporada tardía en combinación con la aplicación de flumioxazin más pyroxasulfone PRE brindaron un mayor control de A. palmeri, disminuyendo tanto su densidad como la producción de semilla e incrementando así el rendimiento de grano de soja.

Keywords

Palmer amaranth, Amaranthus palmeri S. Watssoybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr.rye, Secale cereale L.Cover cropsoil-applied residualweed controlweed seed production
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 30 , Issue 1 , March 2016 , pp. 85 - 98
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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Footnotes

Associate Editor for this paper: Kevin Bradley, University of Missouri.

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