In 2010, Rhoades proved that promotion on rectangular standard Young tableaux, together with the associated fake-degree polynomial, provides an instance of the cyclic sieving phenomenon. We extend this result to m-tuples of skew standard Young tableaux of the same shape, for fixed m, subject to the condition that the mth power of the associated fake-degree polynomial evaluates to nonnegative integers at roots of unity. However, we are unable to specify an explicit group action. Put differently, we determine in which cases the mth tensor power of a skew character of the symmetric group carries a permutation representation of the cyclic group.

To do so, we use a method proposed by Amini and the first author, which amounts to establishing a bound on the number of border-strip tableaux of skew shape. Finally, we apply our results to the invariant theory of tensor powers of the adjoint representation of the general linear group. In particular, we prove the existence of a bijection between permutations and Stembridge’s alternating tableaux, which intertwines rotation and promotion.

We compute the spaces of sections of powers of the determinant line bundle on the spherical Schubert subvarieties of the Beilinson–Drinfeld affine Grassmannians. The answer is given in terms of global Demazure modules over the current Lie algebra.

In 2006, Kenyon and Okounkov Kenyon and Okounkov [12] computed the moduli space of Harnack curves of degree d in ${\mathbb {C}\mathbb {P}}^2$. We generalise their construction to any projective toric surface and show that the moduli space ${\mathcal {H}_\Delta }$ of Harnack curves with Newton polygon $\Delta $ is diffeomorphic to ${\mathbb {R}}^{m-3}\times {\mathbb {R}}_{\geq 0}^{n+g-m}$, where $\Delta $ has m edges, g interior lattice points and n boundary lattice points. This solves a conjecture of Crétois and Lang. The main result uses abstract tropical curves to construct a compactification of this moduli space where additional points correspond to collections of curves that can be patchworked together to produce a curve in ${\mathcal {H}_\Delta }$. This compactification has a natural stratification with the same poset as the secondary polytope of $\Delta $.

We prove that the energy of any eigenvector of a sum of several independent large Wigner matrices is equally distributed among these matrices with very high precision. This shows a particularly strong microcanonical form of the equipartition principle for quantum systems whose components are modelled by Wigner matrices.

We consider the problem of computing the partition function $\sum _x e^{f(x)}$ , where $f: \{-1, 1\}^n \longrightarrow {\mathbb R}$ is a quadratic or cubic polynomial on the Boolean cube $\{-1, 1\}^n$ . In the case of a quadratic polynomial f, we show that the partition function can be approximated within relative error $0 < \epsilon < 1$ in quasi-polynomial $n^{O(\ln n - \ln \epsilon )}$ time if the Lipschitz constant of the non-linear part of f with respect to the $\ell ^1$ metric on the Boolean cube does not exceed $1-\delta $ , for any $\delta>0$ , fixed in advance. For a cubic polynomial f, we get the same result under a somewhat stronger condition. We apply the method of polynomial interpolation, for which we prove that $\sum _x e^{\tilde {f}(x)} \ne 0$ for complex-valued polynomials $\tilde {f}$ in a neighborhood of a real-valued f satisfying the above mentioned conditions. The bounds are asymptotically optimal. Results on the zero-free region are interpreted as the absence of a phase transition in the Lee–Yang sense in the corresponding Ising model. The novel feature of the bounds is that they control the total interaction of each vertex but not every single interaction of sets of vertices.

Orthogonality is a fundamental theme in representation theory and Fourier analysis. An orthogonality relation for characters of finite abelian groups (now recognized as an orthogonality relation on $\mathrm {GL}(1)$) was used by Dirichlet to prove infinitely many primes in arithmetic progressions. Orthogonality relations for $\mathrm {GL}(2)$ and $\mathrm {GL}(3)$ have been worked on by many researchers with a broad range of applications to number theory. We present here, for the first time, very explicit orthogonality relations for the real group $\mathrm {GL}(4, \mathbb R)$ with a power savings error term. The proof requires novel techniques in the computation of the geometric side of the Kuznetsov trace formula.

For any given subgroup H of a finite group G, the Quillen poset ${\mathcal {A}}_p(G)$ of nontrivial elementary abelian p-subgroups is obtained from ${\mathcal {A}}_p(H)$ by attaching elements via their centralisers in H. We exploit this idea to study Quillen’s conjecture, which asserts that if ${\mathcal {A}}_p(G)$ is contractible then G has a nontrivial normal p-subgroup. We prove that the original conjecture is equivalent to the ${{\mathbb {Z}}}$-acyclic version of the conjecture (obtained by replacing ‘contractible’ by ‘${{\mathbb {Z}}}$-acyclic’). We also work with the ${\mathbb {Q}}$-acyclic (strong) version of the conjecture, reducing its study to extensions of direct products of simple groups of p-rank at least $2$. This allows us to extend results of Aschbacher and Smith and to establish the strong conjecture for groups of p-rank at most $4$.

We give counterexamples to the degeneration of the Hochschild-Kostant-Rosenberg spectral sequence in characteristic p, both in the untwisted and twisted settings. We also prove that the de Rham-HP and crystalline-TP spectral sequences need not degenerate.

We identify the perverse filtration of a Lagrangian fibration with the monodromy weight filtration of a maximally unipotent degeneration of compact hyper-Kähler manifolds.

We prove an explicit inverse Chevalley formula in the equivariant K-theory of semi-infinite flag manifolds of simply laced type. By an ‘inverse Chevalley formula’ we mean a formula for the product of an equivariant scalar with a Schubert class, expressed as a $\mathbb {Z}\left [q^{\pm 1}\right ]$ -linear combination of Schubert classes twisted by equivariant line bundles. Our formula applies to arbitrary Schubert classes in semi-infinite flag manifolds of simply laced type and equivariant scalars $e^{\lambda }$ , where $\lambda $ is an arbitrary minuscule weight. By a result of Stembridge, our formula completely determines the inverse Chevalley formula for arbitrary weights in simply laced type except for type $E_8$ . The combinatorics of our formula is governed by the quantum Bruhat graph, and the proof is based on a limit from the double affine Hecke algebra. Thus our formula also provides an explicit determination of all nonsymmetric q-Toda operators for minuscule weights in ADE type.

We provide a microlocal necessary condition for distinction of admissible representations of real reductive groups in the context of spherical pairs.

Let ${\mathbf {G}}$ be a complex algebraic reductive group and ${\mathbf {H}}\subset {\mathbf {G}}$ be a spherical algebraic subgroup. Let ${\mathfrak {g}},{\mathfrak {h}}$ denote the Lie algebras of ${\mathbf {G}}$ and ${\mathbf {H}}$ , and let ${\mathfrak {h}}^{\bot }$ denote the orthogonal complement to ${\mathfrak {h}}$ in ${\mathfrak {g}}^*$ . A ${\mathfrak {g}}$ -module is called ${\mathfrak {h}}$ -distinguished if it admits a nonzero ${\mathfrak {h}}$ -invariant functional. We show that the maximal ${\mathbf {G}}$ -orbit in the annihilator variety of any irreducible ${\mathfrak {h}}$ -distinguished ${\mathfrak {g}}$ -module intersects ${\mathfrak {h}}^{\bot }$ . This generalises a result of Vogan [Vog91].

We apply this to Casselman–Wallach representations of real reductive groups to obtain information on branching problems, translation functors and Jacquet modules. Further, we prove in many cases that – as suggested by [Pra19, Question 1] – when H is a symmetric subgroup of a real reductive group G, the existence of a tempered H-distinguished representation of G implies the existence of a generic H-distinguished representation of G.

Many of the models studied in the theory of automorphic forms involve an additive character on the unipotent radical of the subgroup $\bf H$ , and we have devised a twisted version of our theorem that yields necessary conditions for the existence of those mixed models. Our method of proof here is inspired by the theory of modules over W-algebras. As an application of our theorem we derive necessary conditions for the existence of Rankin–Selberg, Bessel, Klyachko and Shalika models. Our results are compatible with the recent Gan–Gross–Prasad conjectures for nongeneric representations [GGP20].

Finally, we provide more general results that ease the sphericity assumption on the subgroups, and apply them to local theta correspondence in type II and to degenerate Whittaker models.

For a Weyl group W of rank r, the W-Catalan number is the number of antichains of the poset of positive roots, and the W-Narayana numbers refine the W-Catalan number by keeping track of the cardinalities of these antichains. The W-Narayana numbers are symmetric – that is, the number of antichains of cardinality k is the same as the number of cardinality $r-k$ . However, this symmetry is far from obvious. Panyushev posed the problem of defining an involution on root poset antichains that exhibits the symmetry of the W-Narayana numbers.

Rowmotion and rowvacuation are two related operators, defined as compositions of toggles, that give a dihedral action on the set of antichains of any ranked poset. Rowmotion acting on root posets has been the subject of a significant amount of research in the recent past. We prove that for the root posets of classical types, rowvacuation is Panyushev’s desired involution.

We give a characterisation of Fano-type surfaces with large cyclic automorphisms. As an application, we give a characterisation of Kawamata log terminal $3$ -fold singularities with large class groups of rank at least $2$ .

For two metric spaces $\mathbb X$ and $\mathcal Y$ the chromatic number $\chi ({{\mathbb X}};{{\mathcal{Y}}})$ of $\mathbb X$ with forbidden $\mathcal Y$ is the smallest k such that there is a colouring of the points of $\mathbb X$ with k colors that contains no monochromatic copy of $\mathcal Y$. In this article, we show that for each finite metric space $\mathcal {M}$ that contains at least two points the value $\chi \left ({{\mathbb R}}^n_\infty; \mathcal M \right )$ grows exponentially with n. We also provide explicit lower and upper bounds for some special $\mathcal M$.

In [4], Brown proved that the I-function of a toric fibration lies on the overruled Lagrangian cone of its $g=0$ Gromov–Witten theory, introduced by Coates and Givental [8]. In this paper, we prove the theorem for partial flag-variety fibrations. To do so, we construct new moduli spaces generalising the idea of Ciocan-Fontanine, Kim and Maulik [7].

We address primary decomposition conjectures for knot concordance groups, which predict direct sum decompositions into primary parts. We show that the smooth concordance group of topologically slice knots has a large subgroup for which the conjectures are true and there are infinitely many primary parts, each of which has infinite rank. This supports the conjectures for topologically slice knots. We also prove analogues for the associated graded groups of the bipolar filtration of topologically slice knots. Among ingredients of the proof, we use amenable $L^2$ -signatures, Ozsváth-Szabó d-invariants and Némethi’s result on Heegaard Floer homology of Seifert 3-manifolds. In an appendix, we present a general formulation of the notion of primary decomposition.

A bipartite graph $H = \left (V_1, V_2; E \right )$ with $\lvert V_1\rvert + \lvert V_2\rvert = n$ is semilinear if $V_i \subseteq \mathbb {R}^{d_i}$ for some $d_i$ and the edge relation E consists of the pairs of points $(x_1, x_2) \in V_1 \times V_2$ satisfying a fixed Boolean combination of s linear equalities and inequalities in $d_1 + d_2$ variables for some s. We show that for a fixed k, the number of edges in a $K_{k,k}$ -free semilinear H is almost linear in n, namely $\lvert E\rvert = O_{s,k,\varepsilon }\left (n^{1+\varepsilon }\right )$ for any $\varepsilon> 0$ ; and more generally, $\lvert E\rvert = O_{s,k,r,\varepsilon }\left (n^{r-1 + \varepsilon }\right )$ for a $K_{k, \dotsc ,k}$ -free semilinear r-partite r-uniform hypergraph.

As an application, we obtain the following incidence bound: given $n_1$ points and $n_2$ open boxes with axis-parallel sides in $\mathbb {R}^d$ such that their incidence graph is $K_{k,k}$ -free, there can be at most $O_{k,\varepsilon }\left (n^{1+\varepsilon }\right )$ incidences. The same bound holds if instead of boxes, one takes polytopes cut out by the translates of an arbitrary fixed finite set of half-spaces.

We also obtain matching upper and (superlinear) lower bounds in the case of dyadic boxes on the plane, and point out some connections to the model-theoretic trichotomy in o-minimal structures (showing that the failure of an almost-linear bound for some definable graph allows one to recover the field operations from that graph in a definable manner).