The essay has as a main aim to analize the decay of Sierra de Cameros transhumant cattle raising, exemplified on the case of Don Mariano Antonio Manso de Velasco. The costs of the livestock itself and the price of pasture in Extremadura were the main reasons for the crisis rather than other factors such as foreign trade could influence. Institutional factors derived from the new liberal regime of 1821, also contributed to this process.

This article examines the relationship between capital market development and industrial structure during the early stages of industrialization, contrasting the experiences of Brazil, Mexico, and the United States. It argues that the two constraints placed on the formation of credit intermediaries in Latin America, namely, poorly defined property rights and government regulatory policies, produced greater concentration in the Mexican and Brazilian cotton textile industries than that which developed in the United Stares.

This article deals with the social mobility of private owners under the N(ew) E(conomic) P(olicy) in the Soviet Union during the 1920's. The question addressed is: Was it possible a rapid growth of capitalist stratra under the prevalent social and economic conditions? More specifically, the paper puts to the test the idea that market economy inevitably entails private owners differentiation and the formation of antagonistic social groups from the formerly homogeneous mass of petty commodity producers. A simulation model based on Markov chains was applied and its results show the directions and extent of social differentiation suggesting that had the NEP survive, private owners would not have disintegrated into opposed groups.

The analysis of the cyclical fluctuatios in Peruvian financial development, and their relationship with the mainly agroexport economy, seeks to contribute to the discussion of the developmental role of Latin American export models. The major findings indicate that domestic financial institutions and elite groups contributed to a relative economic diversification and offered a degree of competition to foreign financial interests. Moreover, the decline of the agroexport model led to a hardly autonomous import-substitution model that resulted in increased financial concentration and policies adverse to financial development.

This essay applies the causality test methodology to the series of income and money in Spain between 1904 and 1974. The results are not unambiguous, like in other experiences, but in the Spanish case ambiguity could be explained by the short term behavior of income.

En sus cincuenta años de existencia (1941–1991) el INI ha ido acumulando una densa y variopinta biografia que, entre otras connotaciones, le configura como un protagonista destacado de la evolución de la ecoñomia española y, más específicamente, de su industria, a través de las diversas etapas que componen dicho período. Su carácter complejo y poliédrico le confiere, asimismo, una interesante característica, como es su capacidad reflectante de los intereses y preocupaciones de cualquier analista que a él se aproxima. Así ha sido hasta ahora y así parece seguir siendo en el excelente y completo trabajo publicado recientemente por P. Martín Acetín y F. Comín sobre la industria del INI con motivo del cincuentenario de esta, ya madura, institution.

Con motivo de la elaboratión de mi tesis doctoral, me vi obligado, dada la época que la misma abarca —primera mitad del siglo XVII— a aplicar, bastante a menudo, el premio de la plata a las valoraciones de bienes reflejadas en moneda de vellón en los inventarios.

La documentatión no siempre precisa el premio vigente en los momentos del aprecio. Por ello, en ausencia de este dato, hube de recurrir a una fuente complementaria para salvar los problemas de bimetalismo y consideré oportuno utilizar, con este motivo, las tablas elaboradas por Hamilton en dos de sus obras capitales, corroborando, a través del trabajo, la coincidencia entre las mencionadas tablas de Hamilton y los premios señalados en la documentatión notarial, como puede comprobarse en el cuadro y la gráfica adjunta.