18 results
Turbulent planar wakes of viscoelastic fluids analysed by direct numerical simulations
- Mateus C. Guimarães, Fernando T. Pinho, Carlos B. da Silva
-
- Journal:
- Journal of Fluid Mechanics / Volume 946 / 10 September 2022
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 08 August 2022, A26
-
- Article
- Export citation
-
Direct numerical simulations employing the finitely extensible nonlinear elastic constitutive model closed with Peterlin's approximation (FENE-P) are used to investigate the far-field region of turbulent planar wakes of viscoelastic fluids and to develop the theory describing these flows. The theoretical results display excellent agreement with the simulations and provide new scaling laws for the evolution of the shear layer thickness $\delta (x) \sim x^{1/2}$, mean velocity deficit ${\rm \Delta} U(x) \sim x^{-1/2}$ and, for very high Deborah numbers, of the maximum polymer shear stresses $\sigma ^{[p]}_c(x) \sim x^{-2}$ and averaged polymer chain extension $\textrm {tr}(\bar {C}(x) - \boldsymbol{\mathsf{I}}) \sim x^{-2}$, where $x$ is the streamwise distance from the solid body generating the wake. The theory is able to show the existence of self-similarity for the profiles of mean velocity, mean polymer shear stress, averaged polymer chain extension and the conditions for similarity of the turbulent shear stress, and is very well supported by the numerical simulations. Similarly to the case of viscoelastic turbulent planar jets (Guimarães et al., J. Fluid Mech., vol. 899, 2020, p. A11), when the inlet Weissenberg and Deborah numbers are sufficiently large, turbulent viscoelastic wakes exhibit a considerable reduction of the spreading rate and of the normalised Reynolds stresses. However, for very large downstream locations the turbulent viscoelastic wake recovers the classical evolution laws observed for Newtonian turbulent planar wakes.
Turbulent entrainment in viscoelastic fluids
- Hugo Abreu, Fernando T. Pinho, Carlos B. da Silva
-
- Journal:
- Journal of Fluid Mechanics / Volume 934 / 10 March 2022
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 19 January 2022, A36
-
- Article
- Export citation
-
Direct numerical simulations (DNS) of turbulent fronts spreading into an irrotational flow region are used to analyse the turbulent entrainment mechanism for viscoelastic fluids. The simulations use the FENE-P fluid model and are initiated from DNS of isotropic turbulence with Weissenberg and turbulence Reynolds numbers varying in the ranges $1.30 \le Wi \le 3.46$ and $206 \le Re_{\lambda }^{0} \le 404$, respectively. The enstrophy dynamics near the turbulent/non-turbulent interface (TNTI) layer, that separates regions of turbulent and irrotational flow, includes a new mechanism – the viscoelastic production – caused by the interaction between the vorticity field and the polymer stresses. This term can be a sink or a source of enstrophy in the turbulent core region of the flow, depending on the Weissenberg number, and contributes to the initial growth of the enstrophy in the viscous superlayer, together with the viscous diffusion, which is the only mechanism present for Newtonian fluids. For low and moderate Weissenberg numbers the scaling of the TNTI layer is similar to the scaling of TNTI layers for Newtonian fluids, but this is no longer the case at high Weissenberg numbers where the enstrophy tends to be concentrated into thin vortex sheets instead of vortex tubes. Finally, it is shown that the substantial decrease of the entrainment rates observed in turbulent flows of viscoelastic fluids, compared with Newtonian fluids, is caused by a reduction of the surface area and fractal dimension of the irrotational boundary, originated by the depletion of ‘active’ scales of motion in the fluid solvent caused by the viscoelasticity.
Dry bolls and their association with Anthonomus grandis grandis Boheman (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) survival through cotton fallow periods
- Willian S. do Vale, Maria A. Castellani, Victor R. de Novais, Welliny S.R. Dias, Ana Carolina S. Lima, Edenilson B. Ribeiro, Adriana D. Cardoso, Carlos A. Domingues da Silva
-
- Journal:
- The Canadian Entomologist / Volume 153 / Issue 6 / December 2021
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 20 August 2021, pp. 714-725
-
- Article
- Export citation
-
The boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis grandis Boheman (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), can remain inside dry and deformed reproductive structures of cotton, Gossypium hirsutum Linnaeus (Malvaceae), known as dry bolls, during the cotton fallow to infest the next cotton crop. In this study, the influence of cotton cultivars and sowing densities on the formation of dry bolls was evaluated. In addition, dry bolls were dissected and internal structures that were related to boll weevil development were estimated. Finally, the presence and survival of boll weevils inside dry bolls were evaluated. The results indicate that the number of dry bolls, empty pupal cells, and emergence holes was influenced by cultivar and not by sowing density. Almost one-quarter (22.53%) of adult boll weevils examined was found alive inside the dry bolls after 10 weeks, which is slightly longer than the duration of cotton fallow in Brazil’s main cotton-producing regions. Therefore, remaining inside the dry bolls is an important survival strategy for boll weevils during the cotton fallow period, and cotton cultivars with a greater propensity for the formation of dry bolls might favour survival of the pest during this period.
Asymptotic scaling laws for the irrotational motions bordering a turbulent region
- Ricardo P. Xavier, Miguel A. C. Teixeira, Carlos B. da Silva
-
- Journal:
- Journal of Fluid Mechanics / Volume 918 / 10 July 2021
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 05 May 2021, A3
-
- Article
- Export citation
-
Turbulent flows are often bounded by regions of irrotational or non-turbulent flow, where the magnitude of the potential velocity fluctuations can be surprisingly high. This includes virtually all turbulent free-shear flows and also turbulent boundary layers, and is particularly true near the so-called turbulent/non-turbulent interface (TNTI) layer, which separates the regions of turbulent and non-turbulent fluid motion. In the present work, we show that in the non-turbulent region and for distances $x_2$ sufficiently far from the TNTI layer, the asymptotic variation laws for the variance of the velocity fluctuations $\langle u_i^{2} \rangle$ ($i=1,2,3$), Taylor micro-scale $\lambda$ and viscous dissipation rate $\varepsilon$ depend on the shape of the kinetic energy spectrum in the infrared region $E(k) \sim k^{n}$. Specifically, by using rapid distortion theory (RDT), we show that for Saffman turbulence ($E(k) \sim k^{2}$), we obtain the asymptotic laws $\langle u_i^{2} \rangle \sim x_2^{-3}$ ($i=1,2,3$), $\lambda \sim x_2$ and $\varepsilon \sim x_2^{-5}$. Additionally, we confirm the classical results obtained by Phillips (Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc., vol. 51, 1955, p. 220) for Batchelor turbulence ($E(k) \sim k^{4}$), with $\langle u_i^{2} \rangle \sim x_2^{-4}$ ($i=1,2,3$), $\lambda \sim x_2$ and $\varepsilon \sim x_2^{-6}$. The new theoretical results are confirmed by direct numerical simulations (DNS) of shear-free turbulence and are shown to be independent of the Reynolds number. Therefore, these results are expected to be valid in other flow configurations, such as in turbulent planar jets or wakes, provided the kinetic energy spectra in the turbulence region can be described by a Batchelor or a Saffman spectrum.
Universality of small-scale motions within the turbulent/non-turbulent interface layer
- Marco Zecchetto, Carlos B. da Silva
-
- Journal:
- Journal of Fluid Mechanics / Volume 916 / 10 June 2021
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 06 April 2021, A9
-
- Article
- Export citation
-
The universality of the statistics of small-scale motions within the turbulent/non-turbulent interface (TNTI) layer that exists at the edges of turbulent free shear flows (i.e. mixing layers) and in turbulent boundary layers is analysed using direct numerical simulations of turbulent jets, wakes and in turbulent fronts evolving without mean shear. The Taylor based Reynolds number of the simulations is $Re_{\lambda } \gtrsim 200$ while the resolution is comparable to the Kolmogorov micro-scale ${\rm \Delta} x \approx \eta$. It is shown that, when properly normalised by using the local Kolmogorov velocity and length scales, the statistics of the vorticity, strain and related quantities, such as the invariants of the velocity gradient tensor, are universal, i.e. virtually equal for the same position within the TNTI layer, which implies the universality of the small-scale ‘nibbling’ associated with the turbulent entrainment mechanism. The results show that the small scales of motion near the TNTI layer are statistically very close to homogeneous, except for a distance of about 10 Kolmogorov micro-scales from the outer surface of the TNTI layer. The proposed normalisation allows for a much more clear identification of the viscous superlayer and the turbulent sublayer within the TNTI layer.
Older adult psychopathology: international comparisons of self-reports, collateral reports, and cross-informant agreement
- L.A. Rescorla, M.Y. Ivanova, T.M. Achenbach, Vera Almeida, Meltem Anafarta-Sendag, Ieva Bite, J. Carlos Caldas, John William Capps, Yi-Chuen Chen, Paola Colombo, Margareth da Silva Oliveira, Anca Dobrean, Nese Erol, Alessandra Frigerio, Yasuko Funabiki, Reda Gedutienė, Halldór S. Guðmundsson, Min Quan Heo, Young Ah Kim, Tih-Shih Lee, Manuela Leite, Jianghong Liu, Jasminka Markovic, Monika Misiec, Marcus Müller, Kyung Ja Oh, Verónica Portillo-Reyes, Wolfgang Retz, Sandra B. Sebre, Shupeng Shi, Sigurveig H. Sigurðardóttir, Roma Šimulionienė, Elvisa Sokoli, Dragana Milijasevic, Ewa Zasępa
-
- Journal:
- International Psychogeriatrics / Volume 34 / Issue 5 / May 2022
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 04 September 2020, pp. 467-478
-
- Article
- Export citation
-
Objectives:
To conduct international comparisons of self-reports, collateral reports, and cross-informant agreement regarding older adult psychopathology.
Participants:We compared self-ratings of problems (e.g. I cry a lot) and personal strengths (e.g. I like to help others) for 10,686 adults aged 60–102 years from 19 societies and collateral ratings for 7,065 of these adults from 12 societies.
Measurements:Data were obtained via the Older Adult Self-Report (OASR) and the Older Adult Behavior Checklist (OABCL; Achenbach et al., 2004).
Results:Cronbach’s alphas were .76 (OASR) and .80 (OABCL) averaged across societies. Across societies, 27 of the 30 problem items with the highest mean ratings and 28 of the 30 items with the lowest mean ratings were the same on the OASR and the OABCL. Q correlations between the means of the 0–1–2 ratings for the 113 problem items averaged across all pairs of societies yielded means of .77 (OASR) and .78 (OABCL). For the OASR and OABCL, respectively, analyses of variance (ANOVAs) yielded effect sizes (ESs) for society of 15% and 18% for Total Problems and 42% and 31% for Personal Strengths, respectively. For 5,584 cross-informant dyads in 12 societies, cross-informant correlations averaged across societies were .68 for Total Problems and .58 for Personal Strengths. Mixed-model ANOVAs yielded large effects for society on both Total Problems (ES = 17%) and Personal Strengths (ES = 36%).
Conclusions:The OASR and OABCL are efficient, low-cost, easily administered mental health assessments that can be used internationally to screen for many problems and strengths.
Direct numerical simulations of turbulent viscoelastic jets
- Mateus C. Guimarães, Nuno Pimentel, Fernando T. Pinho, Carlos B. da Silva
-
- Journal:
- Journal of Fluid Mechanics / Volume 899 / 25 September 2020
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 20 July 2020, A11
-
- Article
- Export citation
-
Direct numerical simulations (DNS) of spatially evolving turbulent planar jets of viscoelastic fluids described by the FENE-P model, such as those consisting of a Newtonian fluid solvent carrying long chain polymer molecules, are carried out in order to develop a theory for the far field of turbulent jets of viscoelastic fluids. New evolution relations for the jet shear-layer thickness $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}(x)$, centreline velocity $U_{c}(x)$ and maximum polymer stresses $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70E}_{c}^{[p]}(x)$ are derived and validated by the new DNS data, yielding $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}(x)\sim x$, $U_{c}(x)\sim x^{-1/2}$, and $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70E}_{c}^{[p]}(x)\sim x^{-5/2}$, respectively, where $x$ is the coordinate in the streamwise direction. It is shown that, compared with a classical (Newtonian) turbulent jet, the effect of the polymers is to reduce the spreading rate, centreline velocity decay, Reynolds stresses and viscous dissipation rate. The self-preserving character of the flow is analysed and it is shown that profiles of mean velocity, Reynolds stresses and polymer stresses are self-similar provided the proper scales are used in the normalisation of these quantities. A fundamental difference from the Newtonian jet in this regard is the necessity for two, instead of only one, different velocity and length scales to properly characterise the evolution of the turbulent flow. These extra velocity and length scales are directly related to a time scale associated with the characteristic fading memory property of viscoelastic fluids.
Autonomic responses induced by aerobic submaximal exercise in obese and overweight adolescents – CORRIGENDUM
- Milana D. R. Santana, Brian Kliszczewicz, Franciele M. Vanderlei, Larissa R. L. Monteiro, Eli Carlos Martiniano, Yasmim M. de Moraes, Luana B. Mangueira, Guilherme C. Alcantara, José Ramon A. da Silva, Cicero Jonas R. Benjamim, Fernando R. Oliveira, Vitor E. Valenti
-
- Journal:
- Cardiology in the Young / Volume 29 / Issue 7 / July 2019
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 06 August 2019, p. 1008
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- HTML
- Export citation
Non-dimensional energy dissipation rate near the turbulent/non-turbulent interfacial layer in free shear flows and shear free turbulence
- Tomoaki Watanabe, Carlos B. da Silva, Koji Nagata
-
- Journal:
- Journal of Fluid Mechanics / Volume 875 / 25 September 2019
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 18 July 2019, pp. 321-344
-
- Article
- Export citation
-
The non-dimensional dissipation rate $C_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D700}}=\unicode[STIX]{x1D700}L/u^{\prime 3}$, where $\unicode[STIX]{x1D700}$, $L$ and $u^{\prime }$ are the viscous energy dissipation rate, integral length scale of turbulence and root-mean-square of the velocity fluctuations, respectively, is computed and analysed within the turbulent/non-turbulent interfacial (TNTI) layer using direct numerical simulations of a planar jet, mixing layer and shear free turbulence. The TNTI layer that separates the turbulent and non-turbulent regions exists at the edge of free shear turbulent flows and turbulent boundary layers, and comprises both the viscous superlayer and turbulent sublayer regions. The computation of $C_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D700}}$ is made possible by the introduction of an original procedure, based on local volume averages within spheres of radius $r$, combined with conditional sampling as a function of the location with respect to the TNTI layer. The new procedure allows for a detailed investigation of the scale dependence of several turbulent quantities near the TNTI layer. An important achievement of this procedure consists in permitting the computation of the turbulent integral scale within the TNTI layer, which is shown to be approximately constant. Both the non-dimensional dissipation rate and turbulent Reynolds number $Re_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}}$ vary in space within the TNTI layer, where two relations are observed: $C_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D700}}\sim Re_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}}^{-1}$ and $C_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D700}}\sim Re_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}}^{-2}$. Specifically, whereas the viscous superlayer and part of the turbulent sublayer display $C_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D700}}\sim Re_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}}^{-2}$, the remaining of the turbulent sublayer exhibits $C_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D700}}\sim Re_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}}^{-1}$, which is consistent with non-equilibrium turbulence (Vassilicos, Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. vol. 47, 2015, pp. 95–114).
Autonomic responses induced by aerobic submaximal exercise in obese and overweight adolescents
- Milana D. R. Santana, Brian Kliszczewicz, Franciele M. Vanderlei, Larissa R. L. Monteiro, Eli Carlos Martiniano, Yasmim M. de Moraes, Luana B. Mangueira, Guilherme C. Alcantara, José Ramon A. da Silva, Cicero Jonas R. Benjamim, Fernando R. Oliveira, Vitor E. Valenti
-
- Journal:
- Cardiology in the Young / Volume 29 / Issue 2 / February 2019
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 20 February 2019, pp. 169-173
-
- Article
- Export citation
-
Background
Graded exercises tests are performed in adult populations; nonetheless, the use of this type of assessment is greatly understudied in overweight and obese adolescents.
ObjectiveTo investigate heart rate autonomic responses to submaximal aerobic exercise in obese and overweight adolescents.
MethodsWe recruited 40 adolescents divided into two groups: (1) overweight group comprising 10 boys and 10 girls between Z-score +1 and +2 and (2) obese group comprising 10 boys and 10 girls above Z-score >+2. Heart rate variability was analysed before (T1) and after exercise (T2–T4) on treadmill at a slope of 0%, with 70% of the maximal estimated heart rate (220 – age) for 20 minutes.
ResultsHeart rate in the overweight group was: 93.2±10.52 bpm versus 120.8±13.49 bpm versus 94.6±11.65 bpm versus 93.0±9.23 bpm, and in the obese group was: 92.0±15.41 bpm versus 117.6±16.31 bpm versus 92.1±12.9 bpm versus 91.8±14.33 bpm. High frequency in the overweight group was: 640±633.1 ms2 versus 84±174.66 ms2 versus 603.5±655.31 ms2 versus 762.6±807.21 ms2, and in the obese group was: 628.4±779.81 ms2 versus 65.4±119.34 ms2 versus 506.2±482.70 ms2 versus 677.9±939.05 ms2; and root mean square of successive differences in the overweight group was: 37.9±18.81 ms versus 10.9±8.41 ms versus 32.8±24.07 ms versus 36.7±21.86 ms, and in the obese group was: 38.7±23.17 ms versus 11.5±8.62 ms versus 32.3±16.74 ms versus 37.3±24.21 ms. These values significantly changed during exercise compared with resting values in overweight and obese groups. Moreover, we also reported no significant difference of resting parasympathetic control of heart rate between obese and overweight adolescents.
ConclusionThere was no significant difference of autonomic responses elicited by submaximal aerobic exercise between overweight and obese adolescents.
The scaling of the turbulent/non-turbulent interface at high Reynolds numbers
- Tiago S. Silva, Marco Zecchetto, Carlos B. da Silva
-
- Journal:
- Journal of Fluid Mechanics / Volume 843 / 25 May 2018
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 21 March 2018, pp. 156-179
-
- Article
- Export citation
-
The scaling of the turbulent/non-turbulent interface (TNTI) at high Reynolds numbers is investigated by using direct numerical simulations (DNS) of temporal turbulent planar jets (PJET) and shear free turbulence (SFT), with Reynolds numbers in the range $142\leqslant Re_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}}\leqslant 400$. For $Re_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}}\gtrsim 200$ the thickness of the TNTI ($\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}}$), like that of its two sublayers – the viscous superlayer (VSL, $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D708}}$) and the turbulent sublayer (TSL, $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D70E}}$) – all scale with the Kolmogorov micro-scale $\unicode[STIX]{x1D702}$, while the particular scaling constant depends on the sublayer. Specifically, for $Re_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}}\gtrsim 200$ while the VSL is always of the order of $\unicode[STIX]{x1D702}$, with $4\leqslant \langle \unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D708}}\rangle /\unicode[STIX]{x1D702}\leqslant 5$, the TSL and the TNTI are typically equal to $10\unicode[STIX]{x1D702}$, with $10.4\leqslant \langle \unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D70E}}\rangle /\unicode[STIX]{x1D702}\leqslant 12.5$, and $15.4\leqslant \langle \unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}}\rangle /\unicode[STIX]{x1D702}\leqslant 16.8$, respectively.
Multi-particle dispersion during entrainment in turbulent free-shear flows
- Tomoaki Watanabe, Carlos B. da Silva, Koji Nagata
-
- Journal:
- Journal of Fluid Mechanics / Volume 805 / 25 October 2016
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 16 September 2016, R1
-
- Article
- Export citation
-
Multi-particle dispersion is studied using direct numerical simulations of temporally evolving mixing layers and planar jets for tetrahedra consisting of four fluid particles which are seeded in the turbulent regions or in the non-turbulent regions near the turbulent/non-turbulent interface (TNTI). The modified Richardson law for decaying turbulence is observed for particle pairs. The size dependence of the mean and relative motions of the entrained tetrahedra indicates that the characteristic length scale of the entrained lumps of fluid is approximately 10 times the Kolmogorov microscale. When the tetrahedra move within the TNTI layer they are flattened and elongated by vortex stretching at a deformation rate that is characterized by the Kolmogorov time scale. The shape evolutions of the tetrahedra show that in free-shear flows, thin-slab structures of advected scalars are generated within the TNTI layers.
Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 is involved in glycogen metabolism control and embryogenesis of Rhodnius prolixus
- FLÁVIA B. MURY, MAGDA D. LUGON, RODRIGO NUNES DA FONSECA, JOSE R. SILVA, MATEUS BERNI, HELENA M. ARAUJO, MARCIO RIBEIRO FONTENELE, LEONARDO ARAUJO DE ABREU, MARÍLVIA DANSA, GLÓRIA BRAZ, HATISABURO MASUDA, CARLOS LOGULLO
-
- Journal:
- Parasitology / Volume 143 / Issue 12 / October 2016
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 24 August 2016, pp. 1569-1579
-
- Article
- Export citation
-
Rhodnius prolixus is a blood-feeding insect that transmits Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma rangeli to vertebrate hosts. Rhodnius prolixus is also a classical model in insect physiology, and the recent availability of R. prolixus genome has opened new avenues on triatomine research. Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) is classically described as a key enzyme involved in glycogen metabolism, also acting as a downstream component of the Wnt pathway during embryogenesis. GSK-3 has been shown to be highly conserved among several organisms, mainly in the catalytic domain region. Meanwhile, the role of GSK-3 during R. prolixus embryogenesis or glycogen metabolism has not been investigated. Here we show that chemical inhibition of GSK-3 by alsterpaullone, an ATP-competitive inhibitor of GSK3, does not affect adult survival rate, though it alters oviposition and egg hatching. Specific GSK-3 gene silencing by dsRNA injection in adult females showed a similar phenotype. Furthermore, bright field and 4’−6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining analysis revealed that ovaries and eggs from dsGSK-3 injected females exhibited specific morphological defects. We also demonstrate that glycogen content was inversely related to activity and transcription levels of GSK-3 during embryogenesis. Lastly, after GSK-3 knockdown, we observed changes in the expression of the Wingless (Wnt) downstream target β-catenin as well as in members of other pathways such as the receptor Notch. Taken together, our results show that GSK-3 regulation is essential for R. prolixus oogenesis and embryogenesis.
Bartonella henselae Biofilm Detected on Catheter of Patient with Persistent Bartonellosis
- Melissa Weber-Sanders, Paulo ENF Velho, Gislaine Vieira-Damiani, Marilene Neves da Silva, Vitor B. Pelegati, Carlos Lenz Cesar, Marna Ericson
-
- Journal:
- Microscopy and Microanalysis / Volume 21 / Issue S3 / August 2015
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 23 September 2015, pp. 237-238
- Print publication:
- August 2015
-
- Article
-
- You have access Access
- Export citation
Contributors
-
- By Krista Adamek, Ana Luisa K. Albernaz, J. Marcio Ayres†, Andrew J. Baker, Karen L. Bales, Adrian A. Barnett, Christopher Barton, John M. Bates, Jennie Becker, Bruna M. Bezerra, Júlio César Bicca-Marques, Richard Bodmer, Jean P. Boubli, Mark Bowler, Sarah A. Boyle, Christini Barbosa Caselli, Janice Chism, Elena P. Cunningham, José Maria C. da Silva, Lesa C. Davies, Nayara de Alcântara Cardoso, Manuella A. de Souza, Stella de la Torre, Ana Gabriela de Luna, Thomas R. Defler, Anthony Di Fiore, Eduardo Fernandez-Duque, Stephen F. Ferrari, Wilsea M.B. Figueiredo-Ready, Tracy Frampton, Paul A. Garber, Brian W. Grafton, L. Tremaine Gregory, Maria L. Harada, Amy Harrison-Levine, Walter C. Hartwig, Stefanie Heiduck, Eckhard W. Heymann, André Hirsch, Leandro Jerusalinsky, Gareth Jones, Richard F. Kay, Martin M. Kowalewski, Shawn M. Lehman, Laura Marsh, Jesús Martinez, William A. Mason, Hope Matthews, Wynlyn McBride, Shona McCann-Wood, W. Scott McGraw, D. Jeffrey Meldrum, Sally P. Mendoza, Nohelia Mercado, Russell A. Mittermeier, Mirjam N. Nadjafzadeh, Marilyn A. Norconk, Robert Gary Norman, Marcela Oliveira, Marcelo M. Oliveira, Maria Juliana Ospina Rodríguez, Erwin Palacios, Suzanne Palminteri, Liliam P. Pinto, Marcio Port-Carvalho, Leila Porter, Carlos Portillo-Quintero, George Powell, Ghillean T. Prance, Rodrigo C. Printes, Pablo Puertas, P. Kirsten Pullen, Helder L. Queiroz, Luis Reginaldo R. Rodrigues, Adriana Rodríguez, Alfred L. Rosenberger, Anthony B. Rylands, Ricardo R. Santos, Horacio Schneider, Eleonore Z.F. Setz, Suleima S.B. Silva, José S. Silva Júnior, Andrew T. Smith, Marcelo C. Sousa, Antonio S. Souto, Wilson R. Spironello, Masanaru Takai, Marcelo F. Tejedor, Cynthia L. Thompson, Diego G. Tirira, Raul Tupayachi, Bernardo Urbani, Liza M. Veiga, Marianela Velilla, João Valsecchi, Jean-Christophe Vié, Tatiana M. Vieira, Suzanne E. Walker-Pacheco, Rob Wallace, Patricia C. Wright, Charles E. Zartman
- Edited by Liza M. Veiga, Universidade Federal do Pará, Brazil, Adrian A. Barnett, Roehampton University, London, Stephen F. Ferrari, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Brazil, Marilyn A. Norconk, Kent State University, Ohio
-
- Book:
- Evolutionary Biology and Conservation of Titis, Sakis and Uacaris
- Published online:
- 05 April 2013
- Print publication:
- 11 April 2013, pp xii-xv
-
- Chapter
- Export citation
What Darwin did not see: Pleistocene fossil assemblages on a high-energy coast at Ponta das Bicudas, Santiago, Cape Verde Islands
- B. GUDVEIG BAARLI, ANA G. SANTOS, EDUARDO J. MAYORAL, JORGE LEDESMA-VÁZQUEZ, MARKES E. JOHNSON, CARLOS M. DA SILVA, MÁRIO CACHÃO
-
- Journal:
- Geological Magazine / Volume 150 / Issue 1 / January 2013
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 28 September 2012, pp. 183-189
-
- Article
- Export citation
-
Two distinct Pleistocene assemblages from SE Santiago Island are comparable to modern analogues elsewhere in the Cape Verde Islands. A low-diversity Siderastrea radians assemblage lived atop basalt knobs surrounded by sand on a slope below a cliff. A Millepora alcicornis–Megabalanus azoricus assemblage occupied the cliff. The latter was a typical rocky-shore assemblage from a high-energy setting below the tidal zone. Bioerosion structures in basalt produced by Circolites kotoncensis and Gastrochaenolites isp. also occur there. Despite extensive studies on local limestone deposits in 1832 and 1836, lack of exposure prevented Darwin from seeing these fossils.
The intense vorticity structures near the turbulent/non-turbulent interface in a jet
- Carlos B. da Silva, Ricardo J. N. dos Reis, José C. F. Pereira
-
- Journal:
- Journal of Fluid Mechanics / Volume 685 / 25 October 2011
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 05 September 2011, pp. 165-190
-
- Article
- Export citation
-
The characteristics of the intense vorticity structures (IVSs) near the turbulent/non-turbulent (T/NT) interface separating the turbulent and the irrotational flow regions are analysed using a direct numerical simulation (DNS) of a turbulent plane jet. The T/NT interface is defined by the radius of the large vorticity structures (LVSs) bordering the jet edge, while the IVSs arise only at a depth of about from the T/NT interface, where is the Kolmogorov micro-scale. Deep inside the jet shear layer the characteristics of the IVSs are similar to the IVSs found in many other flows: the mean radius, tangential velocity and circulation Reynolds number are , , and , where , and are the root mean square of the velocity fluctuations and the Reynolds number based on the Taylor micro-scale, respectively. Moreover, as in forced isotropic turbulence the IVSs inside the jet are well described by the Burgers vortex model, where the vortex core radius is stable due to a balance between the competing effects of axial vorticity production and viscous diffusion. Statistics conditioned on the distance from the T/NT interface are used to analyse the effect of the T/NT interface on the geometry and dynamics of the IVSs and show that the mean radius , tangential velocity and circulation of the IVSs increase as the T/NT interface is approached, while the vorticity norm stays approximately constant. Specifically , and exhibit maxima at a distance of roughly one Taylor micro-scale from the T/NT interface, before decreasing as the T/NT is approached. Analysis of the dynamics of the IVS shows that this is caused by a sharp decrease in the axial stretching rate acting on the axis of the IVSs near the jet edge. Unlike the IVSs deep inside the shear layer, there is a small predominance of vortex diffusion over stretching for the IVSs near the T/NT interface implying that the core of these structures is not stable i.e. it will tend to grow in time. Nevertheless the Burgers vortex model can still be considered to be a good representation for the IVSs near the jet edge, although it is not as accurate as for the IVSs deep inside the jet shear layer, since the observed magnitude of this imbalance is relatively small.
Contributors
-
- By Rose Teteki Abbey, K. C. Abraham, David Tuesday Adamo, LeRoy H. Aden, Efrain Agosto, Victor Aguilan, Gillian T. W. Ahlgren, Charanjit Kaur AjitSingh, Dorothy B E A Akoto, Giuseppe Alberigo, Daniel E. Albrecht, Ruth Albrecht, Daniel O. Aleshire, Urs Altermatt, Anand Amaladass, Michael Amaladoss, James N. Amanze, Lesley G. Anderson, Thomas C. Anderson, Victor Anderson, Hope S. Antone, María Pilar Aquino, Paula Arai, Victorio Araya Guillén, S. Wesley Ariarajah, Ellen T. Armour, Brett Gregory Armstrong, Atsuhiro Asano, Naim Stifan Ateek, Mahmoud Ayoub, John Alembillah Azumah, Mercedes L. García Bachmann, Irena Backus, J. Wayne Baker, Mieke Bal, Lewis V. Baldwin, William Barbieri, António Barbosa da Silva, David Basinger, Bolaji Olukemi Bateye, Oswald Bayer, Daniel H. Bays, Rosalie Beck, Nancy Elizabeth Bedford, Guy-Thomas Bedouelle, Chorbishop Seely Beggiani, Wolfgang Behringer, Christopher M. Bellitto, Byard Bennett, Harold V. Bennett, Teresa Berger, Miguel A. Bernad, Henley Bernard, Alan E. Bernstein, Jon L. Berquist, Johannes Beutler, Ana María Bidegain, Matthew P. Binkewicz, Jennifer Bird, Joseph Blenkinsopp, Dmytro Bondarenko, Paulo Bonfatti, Riet en Pim Bons-Storm, Jessica A. Boon, Marcus J. Borg, Mark Bosco, Peter C. Bouteneff, François Bovon, William D. Bowman, Paul S. Boyer, David Brakke, Richard E. Brantley, Marcus Braybrooke, Ian Breward, Ênio José da Costa Brito, Jewel Spears Brooker, Johannes Brosseder, Nicholas Canfield Read Brown, Robert F. Brown, Pamela K. Brubaker, Walter Brueggemann, Bishop Colin O. Buchanan, Stanley M. Burgess, Amy Nelson Burnett, J. Patout Burns, David B. Burrell, David Buttrick, James P. Byrd, Lavinia Byrne, Gerado Caetano, Marcos Caldas, Alkiviadis Calivas, William J. Callahan, Salvatore Calomino, Euan K. Cameron, William S. Campbell, Marcelo Ayres Camurça, Daniel F. Caner, Paul E. Capetz, Carlos F. Cardoza-Orlandi, Patrick W. Carey, Barbara Carvill, Hal Cauthron, Subhadra Mitra Channa, Mark D. Chapman, James H. Charlesworth, Kenneth R. Chase, Chen Zemin, Luciano Chianeque, Philip Chia Phin Yin, Francisca H. Chimhanda, Daniel Chiquete, John T. Chirban, Soobin Choi, Robert Choquette, Mita Choudhury, Gerald Christianson, John Chryssavgis, Sejong Chun, Esther Chung-Kim, Charles M. A. Clark, Elizabeth A. Clark, Sathianathan Clarke, Fred Cloud, John B. Cobb, W. Owen Cole, John A Coleman, John J. Collins, Sylvia Collins-Mayo, Paul K. Conkin, Beth A. Conklin, Sean Connolly, Demetrios J. Constantelos, Michael A. Conway, Paula M. Cooey, Austin Cooper, Michael L. Cooper-White, Pamela Cooper-White, L. William Countryman, Sérgio Coutinho, Pamela Couture, Shannon Craigo-Snell, James L. Crenshaw, David Crowner, Humberto Horacio Cucchetti, Lawrence S. Cunningham, Elizabeth Mason Currier, Emmanuel Cutrone, Mary L. Daniel, David D. Daniels, Robert Darden, Rolf Darge, Isaiah Dau, Jeffry C. Davis, Jane Dawson, Valentin Dedji, John W. de Gruchy, Paul DeHart, Wendy J. Deichmann Edwards, Miguel A. De La Torre, George E. Demacopoulos, Thomas de Mayo, Leah DeVun, Beatriz de Vasconcellos Dias, Dennis C. Dickerson, John M. Dillon, Luis Miguel Donatello, Igor Dorfmann-Lazarev, Susanna Drake, Jonathan A. Draper, N. Dreher Martin, Otto Dreydoppel, Angelyn Dries, A. J. Droge, Francis X. D'Sa, Marilyn Dunn, Nicole Wilkinson Duran, Rifaat Ebied, Mark J. Edwards, William H. Edwards, Leonard H. Ehrlich, Nancy L. Eiesland, Martin Elbel, J. Harold Ellens, Stephen Ellingson, Marvin M. Ellison, Robert Ellsberg, Jean Bethke Elshtain, Eldon Jay Epp, Peter C. Erb, Tassilo Erhardt, Maria Erling, Noel Leo Erskine, Gillian R. Evans, Virginia Fabella, Michael A. Fahey, Edward Farley, Margaret A. Farley, Wendy Farley, Robert Fastiggi, Seena Fazel, Duncan S. Ferguson, Helwar Figueroa, Paul Corby Finney, Kyriaki Karidoyanes FitzGerald, Thomas E. FitzGerald, John R. Fitzmier, Marie Therese Flanagan, Sabina Flanagan, Claude Flipo, Ronald B. Flowers, Carole Fontaine, David Ford, Mary Ford, Stephanie A. Ford, Jim Forest, William Franke, Robert M. Franklin, Ruth Franzén, Edward H. Friedman, Samuel Frouisou, Lorelei F. Fuchs, Jojo M. Fung, Inger Furseth, Richard R. Gaillardetz, Brandon Gallaher, China Galland, Mark Galli, Ismael García, Tharscisse Gatwa, Jean-Marie Gaudeul, Luis María Gavilanes del Castillo, Pavel L. Gavrilyuk, Volney P. Gay, Metropolitan Athanasios Geevargis, Kondothra M. George, Mary Gerhart, Simon Gikandi, Maurice Gilbert, Michael J. Gillgannon, Verónica Giménez Beliveau, Terryl Givens, Beth Glazier-McDonald, Philip Gleason, Menghun Goh, Brian Golding, Bishop Hilario M. Gomez, Michelle A. Gonzalez, Donald K. Gorrell, Roy Gottfried, Tamara Grdzelidze, Joel B. Green, Niels Henrik Gregersen, Cristina Grenholm, Herbert Griffiths, Eric W. Gritsch, Erich S. Gruen, Christoffer H. Grundmann, Paul H. Gundani, Jon P. Gunnemann, Petre Guran, Vidar L. Haanes, Jeremiah M. Hackett, Getatchew Haile, Douglas John Hall, Nicholas Hammond, Daphne Hampson, Jehu J. Hanciles, Barry Hankins, Jennifer Haraguchi, Stanley S. Harakas, Anthony John Harding, Conrad L. Harkins, J. William Harmless, Marjory Harper, Amir Harrak, Joel F. Harrington, Mark W. Harris, Susan Ashbrook Harvey, Van A. Harvey, R. Chris Hassel, Jione Havea, Daniel Hawk, Diana L. Hayes, Leslie Hayes, Priscilla Hayner, S. Mark Heim, Simo Heininen, Richard P. Heitzenrater, Eila Helander, David Hempton, Scott H. Hendrix, Jan-Olav Henriksen, Gina Hens-Piazza, Carter Heyward, Nicholas J. Higham, David Hilliard, Norman A. Hjelm, Peter C. Hodgson, Arthur Holder, M. Jan Holton, Dwight N. Hopkins, Ronnie Po-chia Hsia, Po-Ho Huang, James Hudnut-Beumler, Jennifer S. Hughes, Leonard M. Hummel, Mary E. Hunt, Laennec Hurbon, Mark Hutchinson, Susan E. Hylen, Mary Beth Ingham, H. Larry Ingle, Dale T. Irvin, Jon Isaak, Paul John Isaak, Ada María Isasi-Díaz, Hans Raun Iversen, Margaret C. Jacob, Arthur James, Maria Jansdotter-Samuelsson, David Jasper, Werner G. Jeanrond, Renée Jeffery, David Lyle Jeffrey, Theodore W. Jennings, David H. Jensen, Robin Margaret Jensen, David Jobling, Dale A. Johnson, Elizabeth A. Johnson, Maxwell E. Johnson, Sarah Johnson, Mark D. Johnston, F. Stanley Jones, James William Jones, John R. Jones, Alissa Jones Nelson, Inge Jonsson, Jan Joosten, Elizabeth Judd, Mulambya Peggy Kabonde, Robert Kaggwa, Sylvester Kahakwa, Isaac Kalimi, Ogbu U. Kalu, Eunice Kamaara, Wayne C. Kannaday, Musimbi Kanyoro, Veli-Matti Kärkkäinen, Frank Kaufmann, Léon Nguapitshi Kayongo, Richard Kearney, Alice A. Keefe, Ralph Keen, Catherine Keller, Anthony J. Kelly, Karen Kennelly, Kathi Lynn Kern, Fergus Kerr, Edward Kessler, George Kilcourse, Heup Young Kim, Kim Sung-Hae, Kim Yong-Bock, Kim Yung Suk, Richard King, Thomas M. King, Robert M. Kingdon, Ross Kinsler, Hans G. Kippenberg, Cheryl A. Kirk-Duggan, Clifton Kirkpatrick, Leonid Kishkovsky, Nadieszda Kizenko, Jeffrey Klaiber, Hans-Josef Klauck, Sidney Knight, Samuel Kobia, Robert Kolb, Karla Ann Koll, Heikki Kotila, Donald Kraybill, Philip D. W. Krey, Yves Krumenacker, Jeffrey Kah-Jin Kuan, Simanga R. Kumalo, Peter Kuzmic, Simon Shui-Man Kwan, Kwok Pui-lan, André LaCocque, Stephen E. Lahey, John Tsz Pang Lai, Emiel Lamberts, Armando Lampe, Craig Lampe, Beverly J. Lanzetta, Eve LaPlante, Lizette Larson-Miller, Ariel Bybee Laughton, Leonard Lawlor, Bentley Layton, Robin A. Leaver, Karen Lebacqz, Archie Chi Chung Lee, Marilyn J. Legge, Hervé LeGrand, D. L. LeMahieu, Raymond Lemieux, Bill J. Leonard, Ellen M. Leonard, Outi Leppä, Jean Lesaulnier, Nantawan Boonprasat Lewis, Henrietta Leyser, Alexei Lidov, Bernard Lightman, Paul Chang-Ha Lim, Carter Lindberg, Mark R. Lindsay, James R. Linville, James C. Livingston, Ann Loades, David Loades, Jean-Claude Loba-Mkole, Lo Lung Kwong, Wati Longchar, Eleazar López, David W. Lotz, Andrew Louth, Robin W. Lovin, William Luis, Frank D. Macchia, Diarmaid N. J. MacCulloch, Kirk R. MacGregor, Marjory A. MacLean, Donald MacLeod, Tomas S. Maddela, Inge Mager, Laurenti Magesa, David G. Maillu, Fortunato Mallimaci, Philip Mamalakis, Kä Mana, Ukachukwu Chris Manus, Herbert Robinson Marbury, Reuel Norman Marigza, Jacqueline Mariña, Antti Marjanen, Luiz C. L. Marques, Madipoane Masenya (ngwan'a Mphahlele), Caleb J. D. Maskell, Steve Mason, Thomas Massaro, Fernando Matamoros Ponce, András Máté-Tóth, Odair Pedroso Mateus, Dinis Matsolo, Fumitaka Matsuoka, John D'Arcy May, Yelena Mazour-Matusevich, Theodore Mbazumutima, John S. McClure, Christian McConnell, Lee Martin McDonald, Gary B. McGee, Thomas McGowan, Alister E. McGrath, Richard J. McGregor, John A. McGuckin, Maud Burnett McInerney, Elsie Anne McKee, Mary B. McKinley, James F. McMillan, Ernan McMullin, Kathleen E. McVey, M. Douglas Meeks, Monica Jyotsna Melanchthon, Ilie Melniciuc-Puica, Everett Mendoza, Raymond A. Mentzer, William W. Menzies, Ina Merdjanova, Franziska Metzger, Constant J. Mews, Marvin Meyer, Carol Meyers, Vasile Mihoc, Gunner Bjerg Mikkelsen, Maria Inêz de Castro Millen, Clyde Lee Miller, Bonnie J. Miller-McLemore, Alexander Mirkovic, Paul Misner, Nozomu Miyahira, R. W. L. Moberly, Gerald Moede, Aloo Osotsi Mojola, Sunanda Mongia, Rebeca Montemayor, James Moore, Roger E. Moore, Craig E. Morrison O.Carm, Jeffry H. Morrison, Keith Morrison, Wilson J. Moses, Tefetso Henry Mothibe, Mokgethi Motlhabi, Fulata Moyo, Henry Mugabe, Jesse Ndwiga Kanyua Mugambi, Peggy Mulambya-Kabonde, Robert Bruce Mullin, Pamela Mullins Reaves, Saskia Murk Jansen, Heleen L. Murre-Van den Berg, Augustine Musopole, Isaac M. T. Mwase, Philomena Mwaura, Cecilia Nahnfeldt, Anne Nasimiyu Wasike, Carmiña Navia Velasco, Thulani Ndlazi, Alexander Negrov, James B. Nelson, David G. Newcombe, Carol Newsom, Helen J. Nicholson, George W. E. Nickelsburg, Tatyana Nikolskaya, Damayanthi M. A. Niles, Bertil Nilsson, Nyambura Njoroge, Fidelis Nkomazana, Mary Beth Norton, Christian Nottmeier, Sonene Nyawo, Anthère Nzabatsinda, Edward T. Oakes, Gerald O'Collins, Daniel O'Connell, David W. Odell-Scott, Mercy Amba Oduyoye, Kathleen O'Grady, Oyeronke Olajubu, Thomas O'Loughlin, Dennis T. Olson, J. Steven O'Malley, Cephas N. Omenyo, Muriel Orevillo-Montenegro, César Augusto Ornellas Ramos, Agbonkhianmeghe E. Orobator, Kenan B. Osborne, Carolyn Osiek, Javier Otaola Montagne, Douglas F. Ottati, Anna May Say Pa, Irina Paert, Jerry G. Pankhurst, Aristotle Papanikolaou, Samuele F. Pardini, Stefano Parenti, Peter Paris, Sung Bae Park, Cristián G. Parker, Raquel Pastor, Joseph Pathrapankal, Daniel Patte, W. Brown Patterson, Clive Pearson, Keith F. Pecklers, Nancy Cardoso Pereira, David Horace Perkins, Pheme Perkins, Edward N. Peters, Rebecca Todd Peters, Bishop Yeznik Petrossian, Raymond Pfister, Peter C. Phan, Isabel Apawo Phiri, William S. F. Pickering, Derrick G. Pitard, William Elvis Plata, Zlatko Plese, John Plummer, James Newton Poling, Ronald Popivchak, Andrew Porter, Ute Possekel, James M. Powell, Enos Das Pradhan, Devadasan Premnath, Jaime Adrían Prieto Valladares, Anne Primavesi, Randall Prior, María Alicia Puente Lutteroth, Eduardo Guzmão Quadros, Albert Rabil, Laurent William Ramambason, Apolonio M. Ranche, Vololona Randriamanantena Andriamitandrina, Lawrence R. Rast, Paul L. Redditt, Adele Reinhartz, Rolf Rendtorff, Pål Repstad, James N. Rhodes, John K. Riches, Joerg Rieger, Sharon H. Ringe, Sandra Rios, Tyler Roberts, David M. Robinson, James M. Robinson, Joanne Maguire Robinson, Richard A. H. Robinson, Roy R. Robson, Jack B. Rogers, Maria Roginska, Sidney Rooy, Rev. Garnett Roper, Maria José Fontelas Rosado-Nunes, Andrew C. Ross, Stefan Rossbach, François Rossier, John D. Roth, John K. Roth, Phillip Rothwell, Richard E. Rubenstein, Rosemary Radford Ruether, Markku Ruotsila, John E. Rybolt, Risto Saarinen, John Saillant, Juan Sanchez, Wagner Lopes Sanchez, Hugo N. Santos, Gerhard Sauter, Gloria L. Schaab, Sandra M. Schneiders, Quentin J. Schultze, Fernando F. Segovia, Turid Karlsen Seim, Carsten Selch Jensen, Alan P. F. Sell, Frank C. Senn, Kent Davis Sensenig, Damían Setton, Bal Krishna Sharma, Carolyn J. Sharp, Thomas Sheehan, N. Gerald Shenk, Christian Sheppard, Charles Sherlock, Tabona Shoko, Walter B. Shurden, Marguerite Shuster, B. Mark Sietsema, Batara Sihombing, Neil Silberman, Clodomiro Siller, Samuel Silva-Gotay, Heikki Silvet, John K. Simmons, Hagith Sivan, James C. Skedros, Abraham Smith, Ashley A. Smith, Ted A. Smith, Daud Soesilo, Pia Søltoft, Choan-Seng (C. S.) Song, Kathryn Spink, Bryan Spinks, Eric O. Springsted, Nicolas Standaert, Brian Stanley, Glen H. Stassen, Karel Steenbrink, Stephen J. Stein, Andrea Sterk, Gregory E. Sterling, Columba Stewart, Jacques Stewart, Robert B. Stewart, Cynthia Stokes Brown, Ken Stone, Anne Stott, Elizabeth Stuart, Monya Stubbs, Marjorie Hewitt Suchocki, David Kwang-sun Suh, Scott W. Sunquist, Keith Suter, Douglas Sweeney, Charles H. Talbert, Shawqi N. Talia, Elsa Tamez, Joseph B. Tamney, Jonathan Y. Tan, Yak-Hwee Tan, Kathryn Tanner, Feiya Tao, Elizabeth S. Tapia, Aquiline Tarimo, Claire Taylor, Mark Lewis Taylor, Bishop Abba Samuel Wolde Tekestebirhan, Eugene TeSelle, M. Thomas Thangaraj, David R. Thomas, Andrew Thornley, Scott Thumma, Marcelo Timotheo da Costa, George E. “Tink” Tinker, Ola Tjørhom, Karen Jo Torjesen, Iain R. Torrance, Fernando Torres-Londoño, Archbishop Demetrios [Trakatellis], Marit Trelstad, Christine Trevett, Phyllis Trible, Johannes Tromp, Paul Turner, Robert G. Tuttle, Archbishop Desmond Tutu, Peter Tyler, Anders Tyrberg, Justin Ukpong, Javier Ulloa, Camillus Umoh, Kristi Upson-Saia, Martina Urban, Monica Uribe, Elochukwu Eugene Uzukwu, Richard Vaggione, Gabriel Vahanian, Paul Valliere, T. J. Van Bavel, Steven Vanderputten, Peter Van der Veer, Huub Van de Sandt, Louis Van Tongeren, Luke A. Veronis, Noel Villalba, Ramón Vinke, Tim Vivian, David Voas, Elena Volkova, Katharina von Kellenbach, Elina Vuola, Timothy Wadkins, Elaine M. Wainwright, Randi Jones Walker, Dewey D. Wallace, Jerry Walls, Michael J. Walsh, Philip Walters, Janet Walton, Jonathan L. Walton, Wang Xiaochao, Patricia A. Ward, David Harrington Watt, Herold D. Weiss, Laurence L. Welborn, Sharon D. Welch, Timothy Wengert, Traci C. West, Merold Westphal, David Wetherell, Barbara Wheeler, Carolinne White, Jean-Paul Wiest, Frans Wijsen, Terry L. Wilder, Felix Wilfred, Rebecca Wilkin, Daniel H. Williams, D. Newell Williams, Michael A. Williams, Vincent L. Wimbush, Gabriele Winkler, Anders Winroth, Lauri Emílio Wirth, James A. Wiseman, Ebba Witt-Brattström, Teofil Wojciechowski, John Wolffe, Kenman L. Wong, Wong Wai Ching, Linda Woodhead, Wendy M. Wright, Rose Wu, Keith E. Yandell, Gale A. Yee, Viktor Yelensky, Yeo Khiok-Khng, Gustav K. K. Yeung, Angela Yiu, Amos Yong, Yong Ting Jin, You Bin, Youhanna Nessim Youssef, Eliana Yunes, Robert Michael Zaller, Valarie H. Ziegler, Barbara Brown Zikmund, Joyce Ann Zimmerman, Aurora Zlotnik, Zhuo Xinping
- Edited by Daniel Patte, Vanderbilt University, Tennessee
-
- Book:
- The Cambridge Dictionary of Christianity
- Published online:
- 05 August 2012
- Print publication:
- 20 September 2010, pp xi-xliv
-
- Chapter
- Export citation