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The association between fluid intake, water balance and body composition
- Ana Laja-García, María de Lourdes Samaniego-Vaesken, Carmen Moráis-Moreno, Teresa Partearroyo, Gregorio Varela-Moreiras
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- Journal:
- Proceedings of the Nutrition Society / Volume 79 / Issue OCE2 / 2020
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 10 June 2020, E655
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Introduction
The increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity has developed into an epidemic public health problem worldwide. In this regard, in the last years several investigations have suggested that water intake and water balance could have important implications for both weight management and body composition. The aim of this study was to analyse the association between fluid intake, water balance and body composition in a sample of healthy young adults from Spain.
Material and methodsA total of 358 healthy subjects (121 males; 237 females) aged 18–39 years participated in the current study. The validated questionnaire entitled “The hydration status questionnaire” was used to assess fluid intake, elimination, and water balance. Anthropometric measurements (height, weight and waist circumference) were performed according to the recommendations of the International Standards for Anthropometric Assessment (ISAK). The estimates of total body water (TBW), fat mass (FM) and fat free mass (FFM) were acquired by bioelectrical bioimpedance analysis. Physical activity was estimated through the Short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-SF). Differences in anthropometric and body composition variables were assessed through the ANOVA test and considered significant at p < 0.05.
ResultsFluid intake was correlated with body water content in females (r = 0.180, p = 0.006) and males (r = 0.266, p = 0.003). An inverse association between water consumption per weight (ml/kg) with body weight (females (f): r = -0.318, p = 0.000; males (m): r = -0.220, p = 0.015), body fat mass (f: r = -0.320, p = 0.000; m: r = -0.200, p = 0.028), and waist circumference (f: r = -0.237, p = 0.000; m: r = -0.215, p = 0.018) was found. Finally, significant differences in body water content in females according to water balance were observed (p = 0.04).
DiscussionHigher fluid intake seems to be related with a better body composition, therefore the improvement of water intake and water balance could be useful in weight management and in the prevention of overweight and obesity in healthy young adults.
Folic acid as preventive therapy for hearing loss: effect of ototoxic drug consumption
- Carmen Morais-Moreno, María del Pilar Garzón-Riveros, Silvia Murillo-Cuesta, Lourdes Rodríguez-de la Rosa, Ana Montero, María Ángeles Pajares, Julia Pérez-Miguelsanz, Isabel Varela-Nieto, Gregorio Varela-Moreiras, Teresa Partearroyo
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- Journal:
- Proceedings of the Nutrition Society / Volume 79 / Issue OCE2 / 2020
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 10 June 2020, E675
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- Article
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- You have access Access
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Introduction
Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is a sensory impairment, with a dramatic increase in its incidence, which is caused by genetic and environmental factors such as noise and ototoxic drugs. Recent studies correlated ARHL to elevated plasma homocysteine (Hcy) by folate deficiency, suggesting that reduction of Hcy levels by folate supplementation could potentially ameliorate ARHL.
Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), a status that contributes to ARHL, may also arise from malfunction of Hcy remethylation by betaine homocysteine S-methyltransferases (BHMTs) and methionine synthase in the methionine cycle. The expression and/or activity of these enzymes may be altered by ototoxic drugs, including paracetamol (APAP).
ObjectiveTo determine the effect of APAP in cochlear morphology and function of control and Bhmt-/- mice, and to analyze putative preventive effects of folic acid (FA) supplementation.
Materials and MethodsTwo-month-old Bhmt-/- mice (n = 47), with greater dependence on folate metabolism for Hcy remethylation, and Bhmt + / + mice (n = 42) were fed control or FA supplemented diets for 30 days. The last day APAP (250 mg/kg) or placebo were injected intraperitoneally.
Hearing was evaluated by recording auditory brainstem responses (ABR) at the beginning of the experiment and after treatments. Picrosirius red staining was used for evaluation of the cochlear lateral wall cytoarchitecture. Plasma and hepatic metabolite levels were determined by HPLC or on Spinlab 100® autoanalyzer.
ResultsLoss of Bhmt expression induced HHcy, but an impact on hearing acuity was not observed. Acute APAP administration did not induce ABR threshold shifts. However, following ototoxic treatment, changes of 5–17% in the areas of the stria vascularis and spiral ligament were detected between Bhmt-/- mice under different dietary treatments; cochlear structures of Bhmt-/- mice receiving APAP plus FA supplementation resemble those of the control group. APAP increases susceptibility to ototoxic damage in the presence of HHcy.
DiscussionBHMT plays a central role in cochlear methionine metabolism. FA supplementation modulates Hcy levels, contributing to a proper remethylation status that prevents ARHL.