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Comparison between self-reported and measured anthropometric data of energy intake under-reporters: 2015 Healthy Survey of São Paulo
- Lais Duarte Batista, Natasha Aparecida Grande de França, Ana Carolina Barco Leme, Marcela Riccioppo Garcez Molina, Lígia Araújo Martini, Regina Mara Fisberg
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- Journal:
- Proceedings of the Nutrition Society / Volume 79 / Issue OCE2 / 2020
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 10 June 2020, E269
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Introduction
Misreporting in adults has been associated with socioeconomic and anthropometric characteristics, such as sex, age and weight status. Body Mass Index (BMI) is an important factor that has been associated with underreporting of energy intake. Many epidemiological studies often use self-reported values of height and weight, in order to reduce the cost and viability of population-base studies. Therefore, it is important to test the reliability of self-reported against measured values of height, weight and BMI in individuals who tend to underestimate their energy consumption.
ObjectiveTo compare self-reported and measured anthropometric data of individuals who are underreporting their energy intake.
Materials and MethodsThe sample included forty-six men and women who participated on the Health Survey of São Paulo, Brazil and had their total energy expenditure (TEE) measured by the doubly labelled water technique. Self-reported data were obtained from questionnaires and trained professional conducted the measurements of height and weight. BMI was classified based on the World Health Organization cutoff points for adults and the Pan-American Health Organization for elderlies. Correlation analysis and paired t test was used to test the differences between both values. Energy intake (EI) was assessed using two 24-hours dietary recall. The ratio of EI:TEE was used to identify misreporting considering the 95% confidence intervals. Respondents were classified in under-reporters, plausible reporters and over-reporters.
ResultsTwenty-six (57.8%) were classified as under-reporters, thirteen (28.9%) as plausible reporters, and six (13.3%) as over-reporters. Significant differences were found comparing measured vs. self-reported anthropometric values of under-reporters with height (1.60 m vs. 1.62 m, p < 0.00) and BMI (29.1kg/m2 vs. 27.9kg/m2, p < 0.02), but no significant differences for weight (74.6 kg vs. 75.7 kg, p = 0.28). Overweight and obesity were higher in under-reporters comparing self-reported (11.5% and 30.8%) and measured (15.4% and 46.2%) anthropometric values. Pearson correlation coefficient between measured and self-reported values was 0.95 (p < 0.00) for weight, 0.96 (p < 0.00) for height and 0.92 (p < 0.00) for BMI.
DiscussionAlthough results showed a strong and significant correlation between self-reported and measured anthropometric values in under-reporters, it is important to consider BMI and obesity are important factors related to underreporting. Therefore, it recommends to measure anthropometric data in studies that aim to characterize misreporting based on nutritional status, since the classification and prevalence of BMI and obesity can be affected by the chosen approach.
Portion size and energy contribution of food in adolescents from São Paulo, Brazil: Changes between 2003 and 2015
- Jaqueline Lopes Pereira, Paula Victória Felix, Lais Duarte Batista, Regina Mara Fisberg
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- Journal:
- Proceedings of the Nutrition Society / Volume 79 / Issue OCE2 / 2020
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 10 June 2020, E705
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Abstract
Introduction: Overweight has become a very important issue in the epidemiological scenario of nutrition due to its increasing rates and association with several chronic noncommunicable diseases. The etiology of overweight is complex, but diet is one of the modifiable factors that may interfere in the nutritional status of individuals and consequently on overweight and obesity. One aspect of the diet that has been related to overweight is the increase of energy intake, and related to that, the increase on food portion size.
Objective: To evaluate differences in food portions size and its energy contribution in adolescents from São Paulo, Brazil between 2003, 2008 and 2015.
Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional population-based study with a representative sample of 1711 adolescents aged 12 to 19 years who participated in the Health Survey of São Paulo (HS-SP). The HS-SP was conducted in 2003, 2008 and 2015. Overweight was defined according to the cutoff points of the World Health Organization (WHO) for adolescents (BMI ≥ p85). Dietary data were obtained from two 24-hour recalls.Reported foods were classified into groups and the prevalence of consumers, the percentage of energy contribution, and the mean and median of portion sizes in each food group were calculated.
Results: Over the years, the prevalence of overweight in adolescents increased from 13.8% to 29.4%. The prevalence of consumers of salty snacks, fruits, industrialized juices, red meats, rice, sweets/desserts and toast/cookies has increased; while the number of consumers of coffee/tea, fruit juice, milk, artisan/non-packaged snacks and sugar decreased. The food groups with the highest energy contribution were: rice (14%), red meat (12%) and bread (9%) in all the years evaluated. The groups with the greatest increase in the energy contribution from 2003 to 2015 were: toast / cookies, sweets / desserts, white and red meats, and industrialized juices. The consumption portion size of eggs has increased, while those of cold cuts, fruits, industrialized juices, rice and tubers/roots decreased.
Discussion: There was a diverse variation in the frequency of intake, the energy contribution and the food portion size over time with increase in some groups and decrease in others. These findings provide useful data to support future interventions and public policies focused on adolescent feeding.
Weight status and weight satisfaction in relation to energy intake underreporting in older adults: 2015 Health Survey of São Paulo
- Lais Duarte Batista, Natasha Aparecida Grande de França, Ana Carolina Barco Leme, Regina Mara Fisberg
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- Journal:
- Proceedings of the Nutrition Society / Volume 79 / Issue OCE2 / 2020
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 10 June 2020, E517
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Body Mass Index (BMI) and weight satisfaction are important factors related to energy intake underreporting in younger adults. However, few studies have explored that relation in older adults. Therefore, this study aimed to explore these factors in a sample of older adults who tend to underestimate their energy consumption. Sample included 40 older adults (57.5% male), with mean age of 68.8 ± 5.94 years old, who participated in the Health Survey of São Paulo, Brazil. Their total energy expenditure (TEE) was measured by doubly labelled water technique. BMI was classified according to Pan-American Health Organization and individuals categorized as being or not being overweight/obese. Energy intake (EI) was assessed with two 24-hours dietary recall. Ratio of EI:TEE was used to identify misreporting considering 95% confidence intervals. Chi-Square and t test were used considering 5% of significance level. Sixty percent were classified as under-reporters, 30% as plausible reporters, and 10% as over-reporter. Over-reports were excluded from analysis. Overweight and obesity were higher in under-reporters compared to plausible reporters (75% and 25%). Fifty-eight percent of under-reporters were dissatisfied with their weight. Although weight status was associated with weight satisfaction (p < 0.01), no significant difference was found for BMI (p = 0.76) comparing to plausible and under-reporters. Weight satisfaction was not associated with energy misreporting (p = 0.64). Even though these factors may be related to underreporting in adults, this association was not found among older adults. Results showed the importance of further studies to explore factors that might interfere in underreporting in this population.