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20 The Influence of Brain Injury Severity, Anxiety, and Depression on Objective and Subjective Prospective Memory Problems
- Gabrielle Tetreault, Sarah-Jade Roy, Julie Audy, Isabelle Rouleau, Marie-Julie Potvin
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- Journal:
- Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society / Volume 29 / Issue s1 / November 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 21 December 2023, pp. 129-130
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Objective:
Following a traumatic brain injury (TBI), the majority of patients report difficulties with prospective memory (PM). However, there is not always a significant relationship between subjective and objective PM measures. Several variables may influence the degree of severity of perceived difficulties, including the severity of the injury and psychoemotional status. The aim of this study was to determine whether the severity of the TBI and anxiety and depressive symptoms were related to objective and subjective difficulties of PM.
Participants and Methods:50 patients (mean age = 31,3 years old) with a TBI (20 mild and 30 moderate/severe) in the post-acute phase of recovery and 15 matched healthy control participants (mean age = 32,3 years old) were recruited. They completed inventories assessing the presence of anxiety (BAI) and depressive (BDI) symptoms and performed the Ecological test of prospective memory (TEMP), an objective measure of PM. The Comprehensive Assessment of PM (CAPM), a subjective measure of PM, was also filled out by participants and their relatives.
Results:In patients with moderate/severe TBI, significant correlations were found between the CAPM and the BDI (r =.601, p<.001) and the BAI (r =.507, p=.004). A negative correlation was also observed between the relatives’ CAPM scores and the performance of the patients on the TEMP (r= -.374, p=.042). In patients with mild TBI, there was only a strong significant correlation between the CAPM and the BAI scores (r =.574, p=.008). However, no other correlation was significant between this group of patients and their relatives. Additionally, results on the TEMP were not significantly correlated with the CAMP completed by healthy control participants or their relatives. A linear regression conducted in the group of participants with TBI showed that BAI and BDI scores are the only significant predictors of the results on the CAPM (31% of the variance), while TBI severity is the only significant predictor of the results on the TEMP (37% of the variance).
Conclusions:The perception of PM difficulties in patients with a TBI does not seem to be related to their objective performance. Anxiety and depressive symptoms appear to influence their perception more than their objective performance. As suggested by their relatives, a decrease in self-awareness could explain the lack of relationship between subjective PM difficulties of patients with moderate/severe TBI and their objective performance. On the other hand, TBI severity is more strongly related to objective performance on PM tests. These results highlight the importance of using different measures to accurately assess PM and the various factors influencing this construct.
36 Assessing the Effect of Multiple Sclerosis and Aging Using an Ecological test of Prospective Memory
- Kim Charest, Marie-Julie Potvin, Estefania Brando, Alexandra Tremblay, Elaine Roger, Pierre Duquette, Isabelle Rouleau
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- Journal:
- Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society / Volume 29 / Issue s1 / November 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 21 December 2023, pp. 550-551
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- Article
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Objective:
Prospective memory (PM) is the ability to remember to produce an action at a specific moment in the future signaled by the occurrence of a specific event (EB condition), a time or a time interval (TB condition). Detection of the appropriate moment corresponds to the prospective component (PC), while production of the appropriate action corresponds to the retrospective (RC) component. Although PM difficulties have been reported in healthy aging and in association with Multiple Sclerosis (MS), PM has not been examined in elderly people with MS (PwMS), which is particularly relevant since their life expectancy has improved significantly in recent years due to available treatments, and PM is essential to daily functioning. The main objective of this study was to investigate whether the decline in PM performance with advancing age is influenced by the presence of multiple sclerosis (MS). This study also aimed to clarify the type of PM impairment (PC vs RC in TB and EB conditions) in MS as a function of age.
Participants and Methods:A total of 80 participants were recruited and separated into four groups: elderly PwMS (n = 20), young PwMS (n = 20), elderly healthy controls (HC) (n = 20) and young HC (n = 20). PM and its components were measured using the TEMP, an experimental ecological tool developed by our laboratory that has been validated in previous studies. In addition, all participants underwent a series of neuropsychological tests specific to MS (MACIFMS) and aging (Boston Naming Test, Clock Drawing Test, Towers of London, Trail making Test, Stroop, MoCA).
Results:On the TEMP total score, a two-way ANOVA showed a main effect of age (F[1,75]=47.4, p<0.001, n2 = .40), a main effect of the presence of MS (F[1,75]=19.51, p<0.001, n2 = .21) as well as a significant Age X Disease interaction (F[2,74] =5.40, p=0.023, n2 = .07). Direct comparison between EB and TB conditions revealed that for the PC, only elderly PwMS had more difficulty in the TB than in the EB condition (Z = -2.51, p = 0.012), whereas RC score was significantly lower in the TB than in the EB condition in all groups except in younger controls (younger PwMS : Z = -2.56, p = 0.01; elderly HC : Z = -3.31, p < 0.001; elderly PwMS :Z = -3.04, p = 0.002).
Conclusions:The TEMP revealed a marked impairment in PM in elderly PwMS compared to elderly HC and young PwMS. This impairment was particularly evident on the PC component in the TB condition. RC difficulties noted in the TB condition in all but younger controls reflect the arbitrary nature of the cue-action link that is particularly sensitive to episodic memory difficulties often observed in aging and MS.