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8 - Fundamental algorithms for celestial coordinate systems and positions
- from Part II - Foundations of astrometry and celestial mechanics
- Edited by William F. van Altena, Yale University, Connecticut
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- Astrometry for Astrophysics
- Published online:
- 05 December 2012
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- 22 November 2012, pp 112-118
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Summary
Introduction
This chapter offers practical advice to anyone developing, or supporting, astrometric computer applications related to celestial coordinate systems and positions. It identifies sources of ready-made software, useful in its own right or as benchmarks, and references to the underlying algorithms. This will be found useful in realizing many of the transformations detailed in Chapter 7, in which the theoretical bases and definitions of the transformations are provided. We shall limit ourselves to the sequence of transformations for ground-based astrometry of stars that links catalog coordinates with the direction of the incoming light as seen by the terrestrial observer. The catalog information with which the sequence begins typically comprises ICRS (International Celestial Reference System) right ascension and declination [α, δ], and space motion in the form of proper motions in α and δ plus parallax and radial velocity. The final observed coordinates [A, E] stand for azimuth and altitude, the latter informally called elevation. The sequence of transformations in this chapter are meant to aid the user who needs to take information in an astrometric catalog and predict the observed coordinates, in contrast to the situation in Chapter 19, where the observer wishes to transform in the opposite sense, i.e. from the observed coordinates to the final catalog positions.
Contributors
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- By Waiel Almoustadi, Brian J. Anderson, David B. Auyong, Michael Avidan, Michael J. Avram, Roland J. Bainton, Jeffrey R. Balser, Juliana Barr, W. Scott Beattie, Manfred Blobner, T. Andrew Bowdle, Walter A. Boyle, Eugene B. Campbell, Laura F. Cavallone, Mario Cibelli, C. Michael Crowder, Ola Dale, M. Frances Davies, Mark Dershwitz, George Despotis, Clifford S. Deutschman, Brian S. Donahue, Marcel E. Durieux, Thomas J. Ebert, Talmage D. Egan, Helge Eilers, E. Wesley Ely, Charles W. Emala, Alex S. Evers, Heidrun Fink, Pierre Foëx, Stuart A. Forman, Helen F. Galley, Josephine M. Garcia-Ferrer, Robert W. Gereau, Tony Gin, David Glick, B. Joseph Guglielmo, Dhanesh K. Gupta, Howard B. Gutstein, Robert G. Hahn, Greg B. Hammer, Brian P. Head, Helen Higham, Laureen Hill, Kirk Hogan, Charles W. Hogue, Christopher G. Hughes, Eric Jacobsohn, Roger A. Johns, Dean R. Jones, Max Kelz, Evan D. Kharasch, Ellen W. King, W. Andrew Kofke, Tom C. Krejcie, Richard M. Langford, H. T. Lee, Isobel Lever, Jerrold H. Levy, J. Lance Lichtor, Larry Lindenbaum, Hung Pin Liu, Geoff Lockwood, Alex Macario, Conan MacDougall, M. B. MacIver, Aman Mahajan, Nándor Marczin, J. A. Jeevendra Martyn, George A. Mashour, Mervyn Maze, Thomas McDowell, Stuart McGrane, Berend Mets, Patrick Meybohm, Charles F. Minto, Jonathan Moss, Mohamed Naguib, Istvan Nagy, Nick Oliver, Paul S. Pagel, Pratik P. Pandharipande, Piyush Patel, Andrew J. Patterson, Robert A. Pearce, Ronald G. Pearl, Misha Perouansky, Kristof Racz, Chinniampalayam Rajamohan, Nilesh Randive, Imre Redai, Stephen Robinson, Richard W. Rosenquist, Carl E. Rosow, Uwe Rudolph, Francis V. Salinas, Robert D. Sanders, Sunita Sastry, Michael Schäfer, Jens Scholz, Thomas W. Schnider, Mark A. Schumacher, John W. Sear, Frédérique S. Servin, Jeffrey H. Silverstein, Tom De Smet, Martin Smith, Joe Henry Steinbach, Markus Steinfath, David F. Stowe, Gary R. Strichartz, Michel M. R. F. Struys, Isao Tsuneyoshi, Robert A. Veselis, Arthur Wallace, Robert P. Walt, David C. Warltier, Nigel R. Webster, Jeanine Wiener-Kronish, Troy Wildes, Paul Wischmeyer, Ling-Gang Wu, Stephen Yang
- Edited by Alex S. Evers, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mervyn Maze, University of California, San Francisco, Evan D. Kharasch, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis
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- Anesthetic Pharmacology
- Published online:
- 11 April 2011
- Print publication:
- 10 March 2011, pp viii-xiv
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- By Rose Teteki Abbey, K. C. Abraham, David Tuesday Adamo, LeRoy H. Aden, Efrain Agosto, Victor Aguilan, Gillian T. W. Ahlgren, Charanjit Kaur AjitSingh, Dorothy B E A Akoto, Giuseppe Alberigo, Daniel E. Albrecht, Ruth Albrecht, Daniel O. Aleshire, Urs Altermatt, Anand Amaladass, Michael Amaladoss, James N. Amanze, Lesley G. Anderson, Thomas C. Anderson, Victor Anderson, Hope S. Antone, María Pilar Aquino, Paula Arai, Victorio Araya Guillén, S. Wesley Ariarajah, Ellen T. Armour, Brett Gregory Armstrong, Atsuhiro Asano, Naim Stifan Ateek, Mahmoud Ayoub, John Alembillah Azumah, Mercedes L. García Bachmann, Irena Backus, J. Wayne Baker, Mieke Bal, Lewis V. Baldwin, William Barbieri, António Barbosa da Silva, David Basinger, Bolaji Olukemi Bateye, Oswald Bayer, Daniel H. Bays, Rosalie Beck, Nancy Elizabeth Bedford, Guy-Thomas Bedouelle, Chorbishop Seely Beggiani, Wolfgang Behringer, Christopher M. Bellitto, Byard Bennett, Harold V. Bennett, Teresa Berger, Miguel A. 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Yee, Viktor Yelensky, Yeo Khiok-Khng, Gustav K. K. Yeung, Angela Yiu, Amos Yong, Yong Ting Jin, You Bin, Youhanna Nessim Youssef, Eliana Yunes, Robert Michael Zaller, Valarie H. Ziegler, Barbara Brown Zikmund, Joyce Ann Zimmerman, Aurora Zlotnik, Zhuo Xinping
- Edited by Daniel Patte, Vanderbilt University, Tennessee
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- The Cambridge Dictionary of Christianity
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- 05 August 2012
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- 20 September 2010, pp xi-xliv
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Implementation of the IAU 2000 definition of UT1 in astronomy
- Nicole Capitaine, Patrick T. Wallace
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- Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union / Volume 5 / Issue H15 / November 2009
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 21 October 2010, p. 212
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- November 2009
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We recall the concepts and nomenclature associated with the IAU 2000 definition of UT1 as function of the Earth rotation angle (ERA). We comment on the complications that arise when UT1 is regarded as both an angle and a time scale. We review the IAU 2006 expressions for the position of the celestial intermediate origin (CIO) and the equation of the origins, and the associated CIO and equinox based procedures for the celestial-to-terrestrial transformation.
DIVISION I / WORKING GROUP NUMERICAL STANDARDS OF FUNDAMENTAL ASTRONOMY
- Brian J. Luzum, Nicole Capitaine, Agnès Fienga, William M. Folkner, Toshio Fukushima, James L. Hilton, Catherine Y. Hohenkerk, George A. Krasinsky, Gérard Petit, Elena V. Pitjeva, Michael H. Soffel, Patrick T. Wallace
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- Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union / Volume 4 / Issue T27A / December 2008
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 01 December 2008, pp. 60-62
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- December 2008
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The IAU Working Group (WG) on Numerical Standards for Fundamental Astronomy has been tasked with updating the IAU Current Best Estimates (CBEs), conforming with the IAU Resolutions, IERS Conventions and Système International d'Unités whenever possible. As part of its effort to achieve this, the WG is working in close cooperation with IAU Commissions 4 and 52, the IERS, and the BIPM Consultative Committee for Units.
COMMISSION 52: RELATIVITY IN FUNDAMENTAL ASTRONOMY
- Sergei A. Klioner, Gérard Petit, Victor A. Brumberg, Nicole Capitaine, Agnès Fienga, Toshio Fukushima, Bernard R. Guinot, Cheng Huang, Francois Mignard, Kenneth P. Seidelmann, Michael H. Soffel, Patrick T. Wallace
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- Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union / Volume 4 / Issue T27A / December 2008
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 01 December 2008, pp. 55-59
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- December 2008
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The tremendous progress in technology which we have witnessed during the last 30 years has led to enormous improvements of observational accuracy in all disciplines of fundamental astronomy. Relativity has been becoming increasingly important for modeling and interpretation of high accuracy astronomical observations during at least these 30 years. It is clear that for current accuracy requirements astronomical problems have to be formulated within the framework of General Relativity Theory. Many high-precision astronomical techniques have already required the application of relativistic effects, which are several orders of magnitude larger than the technical accuracy of observations. In order to interpret the results of such observations, one has to construct involved relativistic models. Many current and planned observational projects can not achieve their goals if relativity is not taken into account properly. The future projects will require the introduction of higher-order relativistic effects. To make the relativistic models consistent with each other for different observational techniques, to formulate them in the simplest possible way for a given accuracy, and to formulate them in a language understandable for astronomers and engineers who have little knowledge of relativity are the challenges of a multidisciplinary research field called Applied Relativity.
DIVISION I / WORKING GROUP NOMENCLATURE FOR FUNDAMENTAL ASTRONOMY
- Nicole Capitaine, Alexandre H. Andrei, Mark R. Calabretta, Véronique Dehant, Toshio Fukushima, Bernard R. Guinot, Catherine Y. Hohenkerk, George H. Kaplan, Sergei A. Klioner, Jean Kovalevsky, Irina I. Kumkova, Chopo Ma, Dennis D. McCarthy, P. Kenneth Seidelmann, Patrick T. Wallace
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- Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union / Volume 3 / Issue T26B / December 2007
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 18 November 2008, pp. 74-78
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- December 2007
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The IAU Division I Working Group on Nomenclature for Fundamental Astronomy (NFA) was established by the IAU XXV General Assembly with the task of providing proposals for new nomenclature associated with the implementation of the IAU XXIV GA resolutions (2000) and to make related educational efforts for bringing the issue to the notice of scientists in the community.
Using the P03 precession model
- Patrick T. Wallace, Nicole Capitaine
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- Journal:
- Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union / Volume 2 / Issue 14 / August 2006
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 01 August 2006, p. 466
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- August 2006
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We discuss aspects of using the P03 precession model.
Proposed terminology in fundamental astronomy based on IAU 2000 resolutions
- Nicole Capitaine, Alexandre H. Andrei, Mark R. Calabretta, Véronique Dehant, Toshio Fukushima, Bernard R. Guinot, Catherine Y. Hohenkerk, George H. Kaplan, Sergei A. Klioner, Jean Kovalevsky, Irina I. Kumkova, Chopo Ma, Dennis D. McCarthy, Kenneth P. Seidelmann, Patrick T. Wallace
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- Journal:
- Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union / Volume 2 / Issue 14 / August 2006
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 01 August 2006, pp. 474-475
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- August 2006
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We present the proposals of the IAU Division I Working Group on Nomenclature for Fundamental Astronomy (NFA) that was formed at the IAU XXV General Assembly in 2003.