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Team Science Competencies for Clinical Research Professionals: A Multi-Leveled Delphi Approach
- Angela Mendell, Jessica Fritter, Shirley Helm, Bernadette Capili, Laura Hildreth, Kathryn Johnson, Christa Varnadoe, Elizabeth Kopras, Jen Sprecher, Nicole Summerside, Karen Carter, Andrea Ronning, Nicole Exe, H. Robert Kolb, Carolynn Thomas Jones
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- Journal:
- Journal of Clinical and Translational Science / Accepted manuscript
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 01 April 2024, pp. 1-25
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Issues for recruitment and retention of clinical research professionals at academic medical centers: Part 1 – collaborative conversations Un-Meeting findings
- Jacqueline M. Knapke, Denise C. Snyder, Karen Carter, Meredith B. Fitz-Gerald, Jessica Fritter, H. Robert Kolb, Mark Marchant, Angela Mendell, Megan Petty, Cherese Pullum, Carolynn T. Jones
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- Journal:
- Journal of Clinical and Translational Science / Volume 6 / Issue 1 / 2022
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 03 June 2022, e80
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Background:
Identification of evidence-based factors related to status of the clinical research professional (CRP) workforce at academic medical centers (AMCs) will provide context for National Center for Advancing Translational Science (NCATS) policy considerations and guidance. The objective of this study is to explore barriers and opportunities related to the recruitment and retention of the CRP workforce.
Materials and Methods:Qualitative data from a series of Un-Meeting breakout sessions and open-text survey questions were analyzed to explore barriers and recommendations for improving AMC CRP recruitment, retention and diversity.
Results:While certain institutions have established competency-based frameworks for job descriptions, standardization remains generally lacking across CTSAs. AMCs report substantial increases in unfilled CRP positions leading to operational instability. Data confirmed an urgent need for closing gaps in CRP workforce at AMCs, especially for attracting, training, retaining, and diversifying qualified personnel. Improved collaboration with human resource departments, engagement with principal investigators, and overcoming both organizational and resource challenges were suggested strategies, as well as development of outreach to universities, community colleges, and high schools raising awareness of CRP career pathways.
Discussion:Based on input from 130 CRP leaders at 35 CTSAs, four National Institute of General Medical Sciences’ Institutional Development Award (IDeA) program sites, along with industry and government representatives, we identified several barriers to successful recruitment and retention of a highly trained and diverse CRP workforce. Results, including securing institutional support, champions, standardizing and adopting proven national models, improving local institutional policies to facilitate CRP hiring and job progression point to potential solutions.
218 Reframing the JTF Clinical Trial Competencies from a CRP Team Science Perspective
- Robert H. Kolb, Carolynn Jones, Jessica Fritter, Karen Carter, Nicole Summerside, Nicole Exe, Jennifer Sprecher, Elizabeth Kopras, Ty Saldana, David Aslaner, Laura Hildreth, Nopporn Thanthaeng, Katherine Owens, JT Means, Bernadette Capili
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- Journal:
- Journal of Clinical and Translational Science / Volume 6 / Issue s1 / April 2022
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 19 April 2022, pp. 35-36
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OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Our goal is to explore and collaboratively identify the team science competencies essential for Clinical Research Professionals at all experience levels and how these competencies relate to the Joint Task Force for Clinical Translational Research Professionals Competencies. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Team science competencies for clinical research professionals are poorly defined. The JTF Clinical Trial Competencies lack sufficient emphasis on team science, though it is briefly included in two JTF competency domains: Leadership & Professionalism, and Communication & Teamwork. The competencies primarily focus on tasks related to clinical research and basic knowledge of product development; however, a conceptual model for applying the competencies using a team science lens is needed. Currently, the JTF competency figure is often thought of as sequential, given the competencies are numbered, creating the misconception that the last competencies are less important. We support a new figure showing the permeability of team science across competencies and the connectedness and equality of the competencies. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Our anticipated results are to show the integral nature of team science in clinical research professional communities of practice. Once complete, we will have identified measurable team science competency-based skills essential for clinical research professionals at various levels of expertise. Understanding the multi-dimensional team science competencies will inform targeted team science education and training for clinical research professionals. Our revised competency framework provides an improved team science conceptual model for clinical translational science. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: Our work will define team science competencies as related to clinical research professionals at all experience levels. The interdependence of teams across clinical trial activities necessitates a consideration of an improved conceptual framework for clinical translational team science competencies.
Childhood adversity predicts black young adults’ DNA methylation-based accelerated aging: A dual pathway model
- Steven R. H. Beach, Frederick X. Gibbons, Sierra E. Carter, Mei Ling Ong, Justin A. Lavner, Man-Kit Lei, Ronald L. Simons, Meg Gerrard, Robert A. Philibert
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- Development and Psychopathology / Volume 34 / Issue 2 / May 2022
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 20 December 2021, pp. 689-703
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We expand upon prior work (Gibbons et al., 2012) relating childhood stressor effects, particularly harsh childhood environments, to risky behavior and ultimately physical health by adding longer-term outcomes – deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation-based measures of accelerated aging (DNAm-aging). Further, following work on the effects of early exposure to danger (McLaughlin et al., 2014), we also identify an additional pathway from harsh childhood environments to DNAm-aging that we label the danger/FKBP5 pathway, which includes early exposure to dangerous community conditions that are thought to impact glucocorticoid regulation and pro-inflammatory mechanisms. Because different DNAm-aging indices provide different windows on accelerated aging, we contrast effects on early indices of DNAm-aging based on chronological age with later indices that focused on predicting biological outcomes. We utilize data from Family and Community Health Study participants (N = 449) from age 10 to 29. We find that harshness influences parenting, which, in turn, influences accelerated DNAm-aging through the risky cognitions and substance use (i.e., behavioral) pathway outlined by Gibbons et al. (2012). Harshness is also associated with increased exposure to threat/danger, which, in turn, leads to accelerated DNAm-aging through effects on FKBP5 activity and enhanced pro-inflammatory tendencies (i.e., the danger/FKBP5 pathway).
Childhood adversity is linked to adult health among African Americans via adolescent weight gain and effects are genetically moderated
- Steven R. H. Beach, Mei Ling Ong, Man-Kit Lei, Eric Klopack, Sierra E. Carter, Ronald L. Simons, Frederick X. Gibbons, Justin A. Lavner, Robert A. Philibert, Kaixiong Ye
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- Journal:
- Development and Psychopathology / Volume 33 / Issue 3 / August 2021
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 06 May 2020, pp. 803-820
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Identifying the mechanisms linking early experiences, genetic risk factors, and their interaction with later health consequences is central to the development of preventive interventions and identifying potential boundary conditions for their efficacy. In the current investigation of 412 African American adolescents followed across a 20-year period, we examined change in body mass index (BMI) across adolescence as one possible mechanism linking childhood adversity and adult health. We found associations of childhood adversity with objective indicators of young adult health, including a cardiometabolic risk index, a methylomic aging index, and a count of chronic health conditions. Childhood adversities were associated with objective indicators indirectly through their association with gains in BMI across adolescence and early adulthood. We also found evidence of an association of genetic risk with weight gain across adolescence and young adult health, as well as genetic moderation of childhood adversity's effect on gains in BMI, resulting in moderated mediation. These patterns indicated that genetic risk moderated the indirect pathways from childhood adversity to young adult health outcomes and childhood adversity moderated the indirect pathways from genetic risk to young adult health outcomes through effects on weight gain during adolescence and early adulthood.
18 - Towards Human–Wildlife Coexistence through the Integration of Human and Natural Systems
- Edited by Beatrice Frank, Jenny A. Glikman, Silvio Marchini, Universidade de São Paulo
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- Human–Wildlife Interactions
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- 19 April 2019
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- 02 May 2019, pp 384-413
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Summary
Wildlife conservation in the Anthropocene means there is a pressing need to find ways for wildlife and humans to share landscapes. However, this is challenging due to the complex interactions that occur within social-ecological systems (SES). This challenge is exemplified by grey wolf management in the American West, where human governance systems influence where and at what densities carnivores persist, thereby regulating and limiting the impacts of carnivores on both human and ecological communities. Here, we build a SES conceptual framework to disentangle the interdependencies between wolves and humans, including the ecological impacts of wolves and people in anthropogenic landscapes and the socio-economic forces shaping human–wolf interactions now and in the future. A key lesson is that coexistence rests not only on the biophysical capacity of a landscape to be shared by humans and wolves, but also on the capacity for human societies to adjust to and accept some level of conflict with wolves. As such, a holistic view that recognizes humans, our social systems and institutions as key actors and attributes of ecological systems can advance the theory and practice of coexistence.
Comparison of Ropewick Applicators for Control of Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) with Glyphosate
- Paul E. Keeley, Charles H. Carter, Robert J. Thullen, John H. Miller
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- Journal:
- Weed Science / Volume 32 / Issue 4 / July 1984
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 12 June 2017, pp. 431-435
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Three annual applications of glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] with three ropewick applicators were compared to hoeing and cultivation for the control of johnsongrass [Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. ♯3 SORHA] in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. ‘Acala SJ-2′) in 1980 and 1981. The three applicators provided about equal control of johnsongrass. Averaged over treatments, years, and dates of application, plots treated with glyphosate contained 83% fewer live johnsongrass shoots (14/m2) than cultivated control plots (84/m2) 2 to 3 weeks after each application. Glyphosate-treated plots yielded an average of 81% more seed cotton (2010 kg/ha) than cultivated control plots (1110 kg/ha). However, yields of treated plots averaged 33% less than plots maintained weed-free by hoeing. Although applications of glyphosate reduced johnsongrass populations 83%, the competitive effect of johnsongrass on cotton prior to the initiation of treatments, plus the competition from escape plants between treatments, prevented cotton from yielding normally.
Influence of Glyphosate on Resprouting of Parent Tubers of Cyperus esculentus
- Paul E. Keeley, Charles H. Carter, Robert J. Thullen
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- Weed Science / Volume 34 / Issue 1 / January 1986
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- 12 June 2017, pp. 25-29
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Yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L. # CYPES) was treated with unlabeled and 14C-labeled glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] to study the toxicity and translocation of glyphosate into parent tubers of this weed. When plants of 2 and 4 weeks of age were treated with 0.6 kg ai/ha of glyphosate, fewer parent tubers from treated plants resprouted (14 and 32%) than tubers from control plants (73 and 59%, respectively) of equal age. Also, fewer tubers resprouted from 2-week than from 4-week-old treated plants. The radioactivity of parent tubers from plants treated at 2 weeks of age, which exceeded that of tubers from plants of 4 and 6 weeks of age, indicated that translocation of 14C into parent tubers decreased as the treated plants increased in age. The differential amounts of 14C translocated appear to explain why applications of glyphosate were more effective in suppressing resprouting of parent tubers from 2-week than 4-week-old plants.
Influence of Planting Date on Growth of Ivyleaf Morningglory (Ipomoea hederacea) in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)
- Paul E. Keeley, Robert J. Thullen, Charles H. Carter
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- Weed Science / Volume 34 / Issue 6 / November 1986
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 12 June 2017, pp. 906-910
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Ivyleaf morningglory [Ipomoea hederacea (L.) Jacq. # IPOHE], planted in 1984 and 1985 the first of each month from April through August, began emerging in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. ‘Acala SJ-2’) 1 week after planting. Morningglory, at a density of 1 plant/2 m of row, emerging in April and May became so competitive to cotton by harvest in September that the total crop was lost. June plantings, although less competitive than earlier plantings, still reduced yields by 11%. Later plantings did not reduce yields of cotton. Morningglory plantings that produced seed (April through July) began flowering within 7 weeks, and viable seed was collected for the first time 9 weeks after planting. Ivyleaf morningglory plants that emerged in April and May produced about 11 000 seed/plant by cotton harvest. This compared to 3000 and 93 seed/plant for morningglory that emerged in June and July, respectively. The earliest that morningglory might be expected to produce seed in cotton planted in early April would be late May to early June, and morningglory emerging as late as the first of July could produce some seed by cotton harvest.
Control of Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) with Glyphosate
- Paul E. Keeley, Robert J. Thullen, Charles H. Carter, John H. Miller
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- Journal:
- Weed Science / Volume 32 / Issue 3 / May 1984
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 12 June 2017, pp. 306-309
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Three applications/yr of glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] with a ropewick applicator (RWA), a roller applicator (RA), and a recirculating sprayer (RCS) were compared to hoeing and cultivation for the control of johnsongrass [Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. ♯3 SORHA] in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. ‘Acala SJ-2′) in six field experiments from 1979 to 1981. Averaged over the 3 yr and dates of application, plots treated with glyphosate contained 78% fewer live johnsongrass shoots (15/m2) than cultivated-control plots (68/m2). Although applications of glyphosate with the RWA and RA improved or tended to improve yields of cotton, only plots treated with the RWA yielded significantly more seed cotton than cultivated control plots in all years. However, yields of plots treated with the RWA still averaged 38% less than hoed plots. Plots treated with the RA produced significantly more cotton than cultivated-control plots only in 1981.
Influence of Planting Date on Growth of Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri)
- Paul E. Keeley, Charles H. Carter, Robert J. Thullen
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- Journal:
- Weed Science / Volume 35 / Issue 2 / March 1987
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 12 June 2017, pp. 199-204
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Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats. # AMAPA) planted in a field at monthly intervals from March through October at Shafter, CA, began to emerge in March when soil temperatures at a depth of 5 cm reached 18 C. With the exception of March and April plantings, at least 50% of the seed of later plantings produced seedlings within 2 weeks after planting. Although growth of plants was initially slower for early plantings, plantings from March to July reached 2 m or greater in height by fall. Due to longer growing times, plantings from March to June eventually produced more dry matter and a greater number of inflorescences than later plantings. Plants began flowering 5 to 9 weeks after planting in March through June and 3 to 4 weeks after planting in July through October. Some viable seed was produced as early as 2 to 3 weeks after flowering began. Total seed production in the fall ranged from 200 000 to 600 000 seed/plant for the March through June plantings, and 115 to 80 000 seed/plant for the July through September plantings. Killing frosts in November prevented Palmer amaranth planted in October from producing seed.
Yellow Nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) Control with Herbicides
- Paul E. Keeley, Charles H. Carter, Robert J. Thullen
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- Journal:
- Weed Technology / Volume 1 / Issue 2 / April 1987
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 12 June 2017, pp. 133-139
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The relatively new micro-encapsulated formulation of alachlor [2-chloro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)-N-(methoxymethyl)acetamide] and diethatyl [N-(chloroacetyl)-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)glycine] were soil-applied for yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L. #3 CYPES) control in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. ‘Acala SF-2’). Both herbicides at rates of 1.68 to 3.36 kg ai/ha provided 60 to 80% control of yellow nutsedge for 6 weeks. Although control declined to 50 to 70% by cotton harvest, plots treated with herbicides usually yielded more seed cotton than cultivated control plots. Yields were similar from herbicide-treated and hand-weeded plots. Fewer tubers were counted in herbicide-treated than in cultivated-control plots in the fall. Based on yellow nutsedge control and seed cotton yields, alachlor and diethatyl could be helpful in controlling nutsedge and protecting cotton yields.
Repeated Annual Applications of Herbicides for Control of Rhizome Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)
- Paul E. Keeley, Robert J. Thullen, Charles H. Carter
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- Journal:
- Weed Science / Volume 35 / Issue 1 / January 1987
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 12 June 2017, pp. 75-80
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When postemergence applications of sethoxydim {2-[1-(ethoxyimino) butyl]-5-[2-(ethylthio)propyl]-3-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-1-one} were compared with DSMA (disodium salt of methylarsonic acid), MSMA (monosodium salt of methylarsonic acid), and glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] for control of johnsongrass [Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. # SORHA] in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. ‘Acala SJ-2′), repeated annual applications of sethoxydim were more successful than other herbicides in protecting yields of cotton and reducing populations of rhizome johnsongrass over time. After the first year of treatment with sethoxydim in 1982, when an 18% yield loss of cotton occurred, populations of rhizome johnsongrass were reduced to the extent that they were no longer a threat to yields in plots treated with sethoxydim in 1983 and 1984. Although DSMA and glyphosate improved yields when compared to cultivated control plots, substantial yield losses occurred every year, and populations of johnsongrass remained unchanged after 3 yr of treatment. Averaged over 3 yr, plots treated with sethoxydim produced 94% as much cotton as weed-free plots, compared to 60 and 45% for plots treated with glyphosate and DSMA/MSMA, respectively.
Statistical competencies for medical research learners: What is fundamental?
- Felicity T. Enders, Christopher J. Lindsell, Leah J. Welty, Emma K. T. Benn, Susan M. Perkins, Matthew S. Mayo, Mohammad H. Rahbar, Kelley M. Kidwell, Sally W. Thurston, Heidi Spratt, Steven C. Grambow, Joseph Larson, Rickey E. Carter, Brad H. Pollock, Robert A. Oster
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- Journal:
- Journal of Clinical and Translational Science / Volume 1 / Issue 3 / June 2017
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 09 May 2017, pp. 146-152
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Introduction
It is increasingly essential for medical researchers to be literate in statistics, but the requisite degree of literacy is not the same for every statistical competency in translational research. Statistical competency can range from ‘fundamental’ (necessary for all) to ‘specialized’ (necessary for only some). In this study, we determine the degree to which each competency is fundamental or specialized.
MethodsWe surveyed members of 4 professional organizations, targeting doctorally trained biostatisticians and epidemiologists who taught statistics to medical research learners in the past 5 years. Respondents rated 24 educational competencies on a 5-point Likert scale anchored by ‘fundamental’ and ‘specialized.’
ResultsThere were 112 responses. Nineteen of 24 competencies were fundamental. The competencies considered most fundamental were assessing sources of bias and variation (95%), recognizing one’s own limits with regard to statistics (93%), identifying the strengths, and limitations of study designs (93%). The least endorsed items were meta-analysis (34%) and stopping rules (18%).
ConclusionWe have identified the statistical competencies needed by all medical researchers. These competencies should be considered when designing statistical curricula for medical researchers and should inform which topics are taught in graduate programs and evidence-based medicine courses where learners need to read and understand the medical research literature.
The Effect of Imazamox Application Timing and Rate on Imazamox Resistant Wheat Cultivars in the Pacific Northwest
- Arron H. Carter, Jennifer Hansen, Thomas Koehler, Donald C. Thill, Robert S. Zemetra
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- Journal:
- Weed Technology / Volume 21 / Issue 4 / December 2007
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 20 January 2017, pp. 895-899
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Grass weeds are a major problem in winter wheat fields in the Pacific Northwest (PNW). Control of these weeds is now enhanced with the use of imazamox resistant winter wheat cultivars, which have been rapidly adopted by wheat growers. However, the effect of spray rate and timing on crop injury and agronomic traits of wheat cultivars with different genetic backgrounds has not been adequately evaluated. Thus, experiments were conducted near Moscow and Genesee, ID in the 2003–2004 and 2004–2005 growing seasons to evaluate the effect of imazamox on four resistant cultivars and seven resistant breeding lines. Wheat plants were treated at the 3- to 5-leaf stage and the 3- to 7-tiller stage with 45 and 90 g ai/ha of imazamox. Visible crop injury was evaluated from 14 to 35 d after treatment (DAT). Heading date, plant height, grain yield and test weight, and end-use grain quality also were measured. The cultivar by treatment interaction was significant at 21 DAT, caused by a differential response of wheat lines to imazamox treatment. This interaction also was significant for plant height and grain yield. Although cultivars and breeding lines responded differently to imazamox treatment, two lines consistently showed the least levels (3 to 8%) of crop injury, with no reductions in plant height or grain yield following imazamox application. Orthogonal contrasts of visible crop injury at 21 DAT showed that the 2× imazamox rate caused more crop injury (12%) than the 1× rate (7%). The 2× rate of imazamox reduced plant height 1%, grain yield 8%, test weight 1%, and percent flour yield 1%. All other traits were not affected by application of imazamox. Application timing only minimally affected crop injury, and had no effect on agronomic or end-use quality traits.
Contributors
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- By Tom Abbott, Gareth L. Ackland, Hollman D. Aya, Berthold Bein, Karim Bendjelid, Matthieu Biais, Elizabeth J. Bridges, Maxime Cannesson, Cédric Carrié, Alice Carter, Maurizio Cecconi, Daniel Chappell, Jason H. Chua, Gary Colins, Diego Orbegozo Cortes, Lester A. H. Critchley, Daniel De Backer, Katia Donadello, Eric Edison, Byron D. Fergerson, Tong J. Gan, Michael T. Ganter, Leslie M. Garson, Christoph K. Hofer, Christoph Ilies, James M. Isbell, Matthias Jacob, Mazyar Javidroozi, Zeev N. Kain, Elisa Kam, Gautam Kumar, Yannick Le Manach, Sheldon Magder, Aman Mahajan, Gerard R. Manecke, Paul E. Marik, Joseph Meltzer, Debra R. Metter, Timothy E. Miller, Xavier Monnet, Michael Mythen, Rudolph Nguyen, Rupert Pearse, Michael R. Pinsky, Davinder Ramsingh, Steffen Rex, Andrew Rhodes, Joseph Rinehart, Mathieu Sèrié, Aryeh Shander, Nils Siegenthaler, Ann B. Singleton, Faraz Syed, Jean-Louis Teboul, Robert H. Thiele, Shermeen B. Vakharia, Trung Vu, Nathan H. Waldron, David Walker, William Wilson
- Edited by Maxime Cannesson, University of California, Irvine, Rupert Pearse
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- Book:
- Perioperative Hemodynamic Monitoring and Goal Directed Therapy
- Published online:
- 05 September 2014
- Print publication:
- 04 September 2014, pp vii-x
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Transport outcomes and dispatch determinants in a paramedic long-term care program: a pilot study
- Jan L. Jensen, Andrew H. Travers, Darrell J. Bardua, Thomas Dobson, Bruce Cox, Jennifer McVey, Ed Cain, Robert Merchant, Alix J.E. Carter
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- Journal:
- Canadian Journal of Emergency Medicine / Volume 15 / Issue 4 / July 2013
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 04 March 2015, pp. 206-213
- Print publication:
- July 2013
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Objectives:
Long-term care (LTC) patients are often sent to emergency departments (EDs) by ambulance. In this novel extended care paramedic (ECP) program, specially trained paramedics manage LTC patients on site. The objective of this pilot study was to describe the dispatch and disposition of LTC patients treated by ECPs and emergency paramedics.
Methods:Data were collected from consecutive calls to 15 participating LTC facilities for 3 months. Dispatch determinants, transport rates, and relapse rates were described for LTC patients attended by ECPs or emergency paramedics. ECP involvement in end-of-life care was identified.
Results:Of 238 eligible calls, 140 (59%) were attended by an ECP and 98 (41%) by emergency paramedics. Although the top three determinants were the same in each group, the overall distribution of dispatch determinants and acuity differed. In the ECP cohort, 98 of 140 (70%) were treated and released, 33 of 140 (24%) had “facilitated transfer” arranged by an ECP, and 9 of 140 (6%) were immediately transported to the ED by ambulance. In the emergency paramedic cohort, 77 of 98 (79%) were immediately transported to the ED and 21 of 98 (21%) were not transported. In the ECP group, 6 of 98 (6%) patients not transported triggered a 911 call within 48 hours for a related clinical reason, although none of the patients not transported by emergency paramedics relapsed.
Conclusion:ECP involvement in LTC calls was found to reduce transports to the ED with a low rate of relapse. These pilot data generated hypotheses for future study, including determination of appropriate populations for ECP care and analysis of appropriate and safe nontransport.
Contributors
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- By J. Todd Arnedt, Nazem Atassi, Judith Bebchuk, Devin L. Brown, Rickey E. Carter, Rick Chappell, William R. Clarke, Christopher S. Coffey, Peter G. Como, Merit Cudkowicz, Jeffrey Cummings, Gary R. Cutter, Gerald J. Dal Pan, E. Ray Dorsey, Susan S. Ellenberg, Jordan Elm, Changyong Feng, Elizabeth Fisher, Jacqueline A. French, Jean-Michel Germain, Joshua D. Grill, Robert G. Holloway, Karen C. Johnston, S. Claiborne Johnston, Cornelia L. Kamp, Russell Katz, Kathryn M. Kellogg, Karl Kieburtz, Scott Y. H. Kim, Jonathan Kimmelman, Bruce Levin, Michael P. McDermott, Eric A. Mann, John Markman, D. Troy Morgan, Gilmore N. O’Neill, Yuko Y. Palesch, John R. Pollard, R. Michael Poole, Mary E. Putt, Bemard Ravina, Richard A. Rudick, David Schoenfeld, Andrew D. Siderowf, Janet Wittes, Robert F. Woolson, Michael E. Yurcheshen
- Edited by Bernard Ravina, Jeffrey Cummings, Michael McDermott, R. Michael Poole
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- Book:
- Clinical Trials in Neurology
- Published online:
- 05 May 2012
- Print publication:
- 12 April 2012, pp ix-xii
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- By Saleh H. Alwasel, Susan P. Bagby, David J. P Barker, Richard Boyd, Robert Boyd, Graham Burdge, Graham J Burton, Anthony M Carter, Irene Cetin, Zoe Cole, Cyrus Cooper, Hilary Critchley, Elaine Dennison, Susie Earl, Johan G Eriksson, Caroline H. D Fall, Anne C. Ferguson-Smith, Tom P. Fleming, Alison J. Forhead, Abigail L. Fowden, Dino Giussani, Laura Goodfellow, Nicholas Harvey, Christopher Holroyd, Joan Hunt, Alan A. Jackson, Thomas Jansson, Eric Jauniaux, Rosalind John, Eero Kajantie, Michelle Lampl, Karen Lillycrop, Charlie Loke, Samantha Louey, Per Magnus, Ashley Moffett, Lorna G. Moore, Terry Morgan, Clive Osmond, Perrie F. O'Tierney, Robert Pijnenborg, Lucilla Poston, Theresa L. Powell, Elizabeth J. Radford, Tessa J. Roseboom, Amanda Sferruzzi-Perri, Colin P. Sibley, Gordon C. S. Smith, Emanuela Taricco, Kent Thornburg, Benjamin Tycko, Owen R. Vaughan, Lisbeth Vercruysse
- Edited by Graham J. Burton, David J. P. Barker, Ashley Moffett, Kent Thornburg
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- Book:
- The Placenta and Human Developmental Programming
- Published online:
- 04 February 2011
- Print publication:
- 16 December 2010, pp vii-x
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- By Rose Teteki Abbey, K. C. Abraham, David Tuesday Adamo, LeRoy H. Aden, Efrain Agosto, Victor Aguilan, Gillian T. W. Ahlgren, Charanjit Kaur AjitSingh, Dorothy B E A Akoto, Giuseppe Alberigo, Daniel E. Albrecht, Ruth Albrecht, Daniel O. Aleshire, Urs Altermatt, Anand Amaladass, Michael Amaladoss, James N. Amanze, Lesley G. Anderson, Thomas C. Anderson, Victor Anderson, Hope S. Antone, María Pilar Aquino, Paula Arai, Victorio Araya Guillén, S. Wesley Ariarajah, Ellen T. Armour, Brett Gregory Armstrong, Atsuhiro Asano, Naim Stifan Ateek, Mahmoud Ayoub, John Alembillah Azumah, Mercedes L. García Bachmann, Irena Backus, J. Wayne Baker, Mieke Bal, Lewis V. Baldwin, William Barbieri, António Barbosa da Silva, David Basinger, Bolaji Olukemi Bateye, Oswald Bayer, Daniel H. Bays, Rosalie Beck, Nancy Elizabeth Bedford, Guy-Thomas Bedouelle, Chorbishop Seely Beggiani, Wolfgang Behringer, Christopher M. Bellitto, Byard Bennett, Harold V. Bennett, Teresa Berger, Miguel A. Bernad, Henley Bernard, Alan E. Bernstein, Jon L. Berquist, Johannes Beutler, Ana María Bidegain, Matthew P. Binkewicz, Jennifer Bird, Joseph Blenkinsopp, Dmytro Bondarenko, Paulo Bonfatti, Riet en Pim Bons-Storm, Jessica A. Boon, Marcus J. Borg, Mark Bosco, Peter C. Bouteneff, François Bovon, William D. Bowman, Paul S. Boyer, David Brakke, Richard E. Brantley, Marcus Braybrooke, Ian Breward, Ênio José da Costa Brito, Jewel Spears Brooker, Johannes Brosseder, Nicholas Canfield Read Brown, Robert F. Brown, Pamela K. Brubaker, Walter Brueggemann, Bishop Colin O. Buchanan, Stanley M. Burgess, Amy Nelson Burnett, J. Patout Burns, David B. Burrell, David Buttrick, James P. Byrd, Lavinia Byrne, Gerado Caetano, Marcos Caldas, Alkiviadis Calivas, William J. Callahan, Salvatore Calomino, Euan K. Cameron, William S. Campbell, Marcelo Ayres Camurça, Daniel F. Caner, Paul E. Capetz, Carlos F. Cardoza-Orlandi, Patrick W. Carey, Barbara Carvill, Hal Cauthron, Subhadra Mitra Channa, Mark D. Chapman, James H. Charlesworth, Kenneth R. Chase, Chen Zemin, Luciano Chianeque, Philip Chia Phin Yin, Francisca H. Chimhanda, Daniel Chiquete, John T. Chirban, Soobin Choi, Robert Choquette, Mita Choudhury, Gerald Christianson, John Chryssavgis, Sejong Chun, Esther Chung-Kim, Charles M. A. Clark, Elizabeth A. Clark, Sathianathan Clarke, Fred Cloud, John B. Cobb, W. Owen Cole, John A Coleman, John J. Collins, Sylvia Collins-Mayo, Paul K. Conkin, Beth A. Conklin, Sean Connolly, Demetrios J. Constantelos, Michael A. Conway, Paula M. Cooey, Austin Cooper, Michael L. Cooper-White, Pamela Cooper-White, L. William Countryman, Sérgio Coutinho, Pamela Couture, Shannon Craigo-Snell, James L. Crenshaw, David Crowner, Humberto Horacio Cucchetti, Lawrence S. Cunningham, Elizabeth Mason Currier, Emmanuel Cutrone, Mary L. Daniel, David D. Daniels, Robert Darden, Rolf Darge, Isaiah Dau, Jeffry C. Davis, Jane Dawson, Valentin Dedji, John W. de Gruchy, Paul DeHart, Wendy J. Deichmann Edwards, Miguel A. De La Torre, George E. Demacopoulos, Thomas de Mayo, Leah DeVun, Beatriz de Vasconcellos Dias, Dennis C. Dickerson, John M. Dillon, Luis Miguel Donatello, Igor Dorfmann-Lazarev, Susanna Drake, Jonathan A. Draper, N. Dreher Martin, Otto Dreydoppel, Angelyn Dries, A. J. Droge, Francis X. D'Sa, Marilyn Dunn, Nicole Wilkinson Duran, Rifaat Ebied, Mark J. Edwards, William H. Edwards, Leonard H. Ehrlich, Nancy L. Eiesland, Martin Elbel, J. Harold Ellens, Stephen Ellingson, Marvin M. Ellison, Robert Ellsberg, Jean Bethke Elshtain, Eldon Jay Epp, Peter C. Erb, Tassilo Erhardt, Maria Erling, Noel Leo Erskine, Gillian R. Evans, Virginia Fabella, Michael A. Fahey, Edward Farley, Margaret A. Farley, Wendy Farley, Robert Fastiggi, Seena Fazel, Duncan S. Ferguson, Helwar Figueroa, Paul Corby Finney, Kyriaki Karidoyanes FitzGerald, Thomas E. FitzGerald, John R. Fitzmier, Marie Therese Flanagan, Sabina Flanagan, Claude Flipo, Ronald B. Flowers, Carole Fontaine, David Ford, Mary Ford, Stephanie A. Ford, Jim Forest, William Franke, Robert M. Franklin, Ruth Franzén, Edward H. Friedman, Samuel Frouisou, Lorelei F. Fuchs, Jojo M. Fung, Inger Furseth, Richard R. Gaillardetz, Brandon Gallaher, China Galland, Mark Galli, Ismael García, Tharscisse Gatwa, Jean-Marie Gaudeul, Luis María Gavilanes del Castillo, Pavel L. Gavrilyuk, Volney P. Gay, Metropolitan Athanasios Geevargis, Kondothra M. George, Mary Gerhart, Simon Gikandi, Maurice Gilbert, Michael J. Gillgannon, Verónica Giménez Beliveau, Terryl Givens, Beth Glazier-McDonald, Philip Gleason, Menghun Goh, Brian Golding, Bishop Hilario M. Gomez, Michelle A. Gonzalez, Donald K. Gorrell, Roy Gottfried, Tamara Grdzelidze, Joel B. Green, Niels Henrik Gregersen, Cristina Grenholm, Herbert Griffiths, Eric W. Gritsch, Erich S. Gruen, Christoffer H. Grundmann, Paul H. Gundani, Jon P. Gunnemann, Petre Guran, Vidar L. Haanes, Jeremiah M. Hackett, Getatchew Haile, Douglas John Hall, Nicholas Hammond, Daphne Hampson, Jehu J. Hanciles, Barry Hankins, Jennifer Haraguchi, Stanley S. Harakas, Anthony John Harding, Conrad L. Harkins, J. William Harmless, Marjory Harper, Amir Harrak, Joel F. Harrington, Mark W. Harris, Susan Ashbrook Harvey, Van A. Harvey, R. Chris Hassel, Jione Havea, Daniel Hawk, Diana L. Hayes, Leslie Hayes, Priscilla Hayner, S. Mark Heim, Simo Heininen, Richard P. Heitzenrater, Eila Helander, David Hempton, Scott H. Hendrix, Jan-Olav Henriksen, Gina Hens-Piazza, Carter Heyward, Nicholas J. Higham, David Hilliard, Norman A. Hjelm, Peter C. Hodgson, Arthur Holder, M. Jan Holton, Dwight N. Hopkins, Ronnie Po-chia Hsia, Po-Ho Huang, James Hudnut-Beumler, Jennifer S. Hughes, Leonard M. Hummel, Mary E. Hunt, Laennec Hurbon, Mark Hutchinson, Susan E. Hylen, Mary Beth Ingham, H. Larry Ingle, Dale T. Irvin, Jon Isaak, Paul John Isaak, Ada María Isasi-Díaz, Hans Raun Iversen, Margaret C. Jacob, Arthur James, Maria Jansdotter-Samuelsson, David Jasper, Werner G. Jeanrond, Renée Jeffery, David Lyle Jeffrey, Theodore W. Jennings, David H. Jensen, Robin Margaret Jensen, David Jobling, Dale A. Johnson, Elizabeth A. Johnson, Maxwell E. Johnson, Sarah Johnson, Mark D. Johnston, F. Stanley Jones, James William Jones, John R. Jones, Alissa Jones Nelson, Inge Jonsson, Jan Joosten, Elizabeth Judd, Mulambya Peggy Kabonde, Robert Kaggwa, Sylvester Kahakwa, Isaac Kalimi, Ogbu U. Kalu, Eunice Kamaara, Wayne C. Kannaday, Musimbi Kanyoro, Veli-Matti Kärkkäinen, Frank Kaufmann, Léon Nguapitshi Kayongo, Richard Kearney, Alice A. Keefe, Ralph Keen, Catherine Keller, Anthony J. Kelly, Karen Kennelly, Kathi Lynn Kern, Fergus Kerr, Edward Kessler, George Kilcourse, Heup Young Kim, Kim Sung-Hae, Kim Yong-Bock, Kim Yung Suk, Richard King, Thomas M. King, Robert M. Kingdon, Ross Kinsler, Hans G. Kippenberg, Cheryl A. Kirk-Duggan, Clifton Kirkpatrick, Leonid Kishkovsky, Nadieszda Kizenko, Jeffrey Klaiber, Hans-Josef Klauck, Sidney Knight, Samuel Kobia, Robert Kolb, Karla Ann Koll, Heikki Kotila, Donald Kraybill, Philip D. W. Krey, Yves Krumenacker, Jeffrey Kah-Jin Kuan, Simanga R. Kumalo, Peter Kuzmic, Simon Shui-Man Kwan, Kwok Pui-lan, André LaCocque, Stephen E. Lahey, John Tsz Pang Lai, Emiel Lamberts, Armando Lampe, Craig Lampe, Beverly J. Lanzetta, Eve LaPlante, Lizette Larson-Miller, Ariel Bybee Laughton, Leonard Lawlor, Bentley Layton, Robin A. Leaver, Karen Lebacqz, Archie Chi Chung Lee, Marilyn J. Legge, Hervé LeGrand, D. L. LeMahieu, Raymond Lemieux, Bill J. Leonard, Ellen M. Leonard, Outi Leppä, Jean Lesaulnier, Nantawan Boonprasat Lewis, Henrietta Leyser, Alexei Lidov, Bernard Lightman, Paul Chang-Ha Lim, Carter Lindberg, Mark R. Lindsay, James R. Linville, James C. Livingston, Ann Loades, David Loades, Jean-Claude Loba-Mkole, Lo Lung Kwong, Wati Longchar, Eleazar López, David W. Lotz, Andrew Louth, Robin W. Lovin, William Luis, Frank D. Macchia, Diarmaid N. J. MacCulloch, Kirk R. MacGregor, Marjory A. MacLean, Donald MacLeod, Tomas S. Maddela, Inge Mager, Laurenti Magesa, David G. Maillu, Fortunato Mallimaci, Philip Mamalakis, Kä Mana, Ukachukwu Chris Manus, Herbert Robinson Marbury, Reuel Norman Marigza, Jacqueline Mariña, Antti Marjanen, Luiz C. L. Marques, Madipoane Masenya (ngwan'a Mphahlele), Caleb J. D. Maskell, Steve Mason, Thomas Massaro, Fernando Matamoros Ponce, András Máté-Tóth, Odair Pedroso Mateus, Dinis Matsolo, Fumitaka Matsuoka, John D'Arcy May, Yelena Mazour-Matusevich, Theodore Mbazumutima, John S. McClure, Christian McConnell, Lee Martin McDonald, Gary B. McGee, Thomas McGowan, Alister E. McGrath, Richard J. McGregor, John A. McGuckin, Maud Burnett McInerney, Elsie Anne McKee, Mary B. McKinley, James F. McMillan, Ernan McMullin, Kathleen E. McVey, M. Douglas Meeks, Monica Jyotsna Melanchthon, Ilie Melniciuc-Puica, Everett Mendoza, Raymond A. Mentzer, William W. Menzies, Ina Merdjanova, Franziska Metzger, Constant J. Mews, Marvin Meyer, Carol Meyers, Vasile Mihoc, Gunner Bjerg Mikkelsen, Maria Inêz de Castro Millen, Clyde Lee Miller, Bonnie J. Miller-McLemore, Alexander Mirkovic, Paul Misner, Nozomu Miyahira, R. W. L. Moberly, Gerald Moede, Aloo Osotsi Mojola, Sunanda Mongia, Rebeca Montemayor, James Moore, Roger E. Moore, Craig E. Morrison O.Carm, Jeffry H. Morrison, Keith Morrison, Wilson J. Moses, Tefetso Henry Mothibe, Mokgethi Motlhabi, Fulata Moyo, Henry Mugabe, Jesse Ndwiga Kanyua Mugambi, Peggy Mulambya-Kabonde, Robert Bruce Mullin, Pamela Mullins Reaves, Saskia Murk Jansen, Heleen L. Murre-Van den Berg, Augustine Musopole, Isaac M. T. Mwase, Philomena Mwaura, Cecilia Nahnfeldt, Anne Nasimiyu Wasike, Carmiña Navia Velasco, Thulani Ndlazi, Alexander Negrov, James B. Nelson, David G. Newcombe, Carol Newsom, Helen J. Nicholson, George W. E. Nickelsburg, Tatyana Nikolskaya, Damayanthi M. A. Niles, Bertil Nilsson, Nyambura Njoroge, Fidelis Nkomazana, Mary Beth Norton, Christian Nottmeier, Sonene Nyawo, Anthère Nzabatsinda, Edward T. Oakes, Gerald O'Collins, Daniel O'Connell, David W. Odell-Scott, Mercy Amba Oduyoye, Kathleen O'Grady, Oyeronke Olajubu, Thomas O'Loughlin, Dennis T. Olson, J. Steven O'Malley, Cephas N. Omenyo, Muriel Orevillo-Montenegro, César Augusto Ornellas Ramos, Agbonkhianmeghe E. Orobator, Kenan B. Osborne, Carolyn Osiek, Javier Otaola Montagne, Douglas F. Ottati, Anna May Say Pa, Irina Paert, Jerry G. Pankhurst, Aristotle Papanikolaou, Samuele F. Pardini, Stefano Parenti, Peter Paris, Sung Bae Park, Cristián G. Parker, Raquel Pastor, Joseph Pathrapankal, Daniel Patte, W. Brown Patterson, Clive Pearson, Keith F. Pecklers, Nancy Cardoso Pereira, David Horace Perkins, Pheme Perkins, Edward N. Peters, Rebecca Todd Peters, Bishop Yeznik Petrossian, Raymond Pfister, Peter C. Phan, Isabel Apawo Phiri, William S. F. Pickering, Derrick G. Pitard, William Elvis Plata, Zlatko Plese, John Plummer, James Newton Poling, Ronald Popivchak, Andrew Porter, Ute Possekel, James M. Powell, Enos Das Pradhan, Devadasan Premnath, Jaime Adrían Prieto Valladares, Anne Primavesi, Randall Prior, María Alicia Puente Lutteroth, Eduardo Guzmão Quadros, Albert Rabil, Laurent William Ramambason, Apolonio M. Ranche, Vololona Randriamanantena Andriamitandrina, Lawrence R. Rast, Paul L. Redditt, Adele Reinhartz, Rolf Rendtorff, Pål Repstad, James N. Rhodes, John K. Riches, Joerg Rieger, Sharon H. Ringe, Sandra Rios, Tyler Roberts, David M. Robinson, James M. Robinson, Joanne Maguire Robinson, Richard A. H. Robinson, Roy R. Robson, Jack B. Rogers, Maria Roginska, Sidney Rooy, Rev. Garnett Roper, Maria José Fontelas Rosado-Nunes, Andrew C. Ross, Stefan Rossbach, François Rossier, John D. Roth, John K. Roth, Phillip Rothwell, Richard E. Rubenstein, Rosemary Radford Ruether, Markku Ruotsila, John E. Rybolt, Risto Saarinen, John Saillant, Juan Sanchez, Wagner Lopes Sanchez, Hugo N. Santos, Gerhard Sauter, Gloria L. Schaab, Sandra M. Schneiders, Quentin J. Schultze, Fernando F. Segovia, Turid Karlsen Seim, Carsten Selch Jensen, Alan P. F. Sell, Frank C. Senn, Kent Davis Sensenig, Damían Setton, Bal Krishna Sharma, Carolyn J. Sharp, Thomas Sheehan, N. Gerald Shenk, Christian Sheppard, Charles Sherlock, Tabona Shoko, Walter B. Shurden, Marguerite Shuster, B. Mark Sietsema, Batara Sihombing, Neil Silberman, Clodomiro Siller, Samuel Silva-Gotay, Heikki Silvet, John K. Simmons, Hagith Sivan, James C. Skedros, Abraham Smith, Ashley A. Smith, Ted A. Smith, Daud Soesilo, Pia Søltoft, Choan-Seng (C. S.) Song, Kathryn Spink, Bryan Spinks, Eric O. Springsted, Nicolas Standaert, Brian Stanley, Glen H. Stassen, Karel Steenbrink, Stephen J. Stein, Andrea Sterk, Gregory E. Sterling, Columba Stewart, Jacques Stewart, Robert B. Stewart, Cynthia Stokes Brown, Ken Stone, Anne Stott, Elizabeth Stuart, Monya Stubbs, Marjorie Hewitt Suchocki, David Kwang-sun Suh, Scott W. Sunquist, Keith Suter, Douglas Sweeney, Charles H. Talbert, Shawqi N. Talia, Elsa Tamez, Joseph B. Tamney, Jonathan Y. Tan, Yak-Hwee Tan, Kathryn Tanner, Feiya Tao, Elizabeth S. Tapia, Aquiline Tarimo, Claire Taylor, Mark Lewis Taylor, Bishop Abba Samuel Wolde Tekestebirhan, Eugene TeSelle, M. Thomas Thangaraj, David R. Thomas, Andrew Thornley, Scott Thumma, Marcelo Timotheo da Costa, George E. “Tink” Tinker, Ola Tjørhom, Karen Jo Torjesen, Iain R. Torrance, Fernando Torres-Londoño, Archbishop Demetrios [Trakatellis], Marit Trelstad, Christine Trevett, Phyllis Trible, Johannes Tromp, Paul Turner, Robert G. Tuttle, Archbishop Desmond Tutu, Peter Tyler, Anders Tyrberg, Justin Ukpong, Javier Ulloa, Camillus Umoh, Kristi Upson-Saia, Martina Urban, Monica Uribe, Elochukwu Eugene Uzukwu, Richard Vaggione, Gabriel Vahanian, Paul Valliere, T. J. Van Bavel, Steven Vanderputten, Peter Van der Veer, Huub Van de Sandt, Louis Van Tongeren, Luke A. Veronis, Noel Villalba, Ramón Vinke, Tim Vivian, David Voas, Elena Volkova, Katharina von Kellenbach, Elina Vuola, Timothy Wadkins, Elaine M. Wainwright, Randi Jones Walker, Dewey D. Wallace, Jerry Walls, Michael J. Walsh, Philip Walters, Janet Walton, Jonathan L. Walton, Wang Xiaochao, Patricia A. Ward, David Harrington Watt, Herold D. Weiss, Laurence L. Welborn, Sharon D. Welch, Timothy Wengert, Traci C. West, Merold Westphal, David Wetherell, Barbara Wheeler, Carolinne White, Jean-Paul Wiest, Frans Wijsen, Terry L. Wilder, Felix Wilfred, Rebecca Wilkin, Daniel H. Williams, D. Newell Williams, Michael A. Williams, Vincent L. Wimbush, Gabriele Winkler, Anders Winroth, Lauri Emílio Wirth, James A. Wiseman, Ebba Witt-Brattström, Teofil Wojciechowski, John Wolffe, Kenman L. Wong, Wong Wai Ching, Linda Woodhead, Wendy M. Wright, Rose Wu, Keith E. Yandell, Gale A. Yee, Viktor Yelensky, Yeo Khiok-Khng, Gustav K. K. Yeung, Angela Yiu, Amos Yong, Yong Ting Jin, You Bin, Youhanna Nessim Youssef, Eliana Yunes, Robert Michael Zaller, Valarie H. Ziegler, Barbara Brown Zikmund, Joyce Ann Zimmerman, Aurora Zlotnik, Zhuo Xinping
- Edited by Daniel Patte, Vanderbilt University, Tennessee
-
- Book:
- The Cambridge Dictionary of Christianity
- Published online:
- 05 August 2012
- Print publication:
- 20 September 2010, pp xi-xliv
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