Four-way coupled Second-order moment of kinetic theory of granular flow for gas-particle flow

Four-way coupled second-order moment method(FW_SOM) of Eulerian-Eulerian two-fluid model was built by coupling the gas phase model of Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes method closed by the second-order Reynolds tress turbulence model with the second-order moment method of kinetic theory of granular flow. FW_SOM method is proposed to simulate the particle flow, where exist particle-particle collisions, however, the fluctuation velocity of particles can be far from equilibrium to satisfy the Boussinesq hepothesis, in the Eulerian framework. Using FW_SOM, the particle-laden flow in horizontal channels and vertical pipes were well predicted when particles were at the dilute to median concentration. Therefore, the computational capability of the kinetic theory of granular flow was extended to dilute and median concentration using four-way coupled second-order moment method. Typically, the multiphase flow in fluidized risers can be well predicted when the suspended dilute particles and dense clusters in the risers coexist in the system.