Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Epigraph
- Dedication
- Contents
- Analytical table of contents
- List of figures
- List of tables
- Acknowledgements
- List of abbreviations
- 1 Introduction
- 2 The global energy system
- 3 Virtue and energy efficiency
- 4 Utility and energy externalities
- 5 Energy and human rights
- 6 Energy and due process
- 7 Energy poverty, access, and welfare
- 8 Energy subsidies and freedom
- 9 Energy resources and future generations
- 10 Fairness, responsibility, and climate change
- 11 The imperative of making just energy decisions
- Index
- References
7 - Energy poverty, access, and welfare
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 October 2014
Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Epigraph
- Dedication
- Contents
- Analytical table of contents
- List of figures
- List of tables
- Acknowledgements
- List of abbreviations
- 1 Introduction
- 2 The global energy system
- 3 Virtue and energy efficiency
- 4 Utility and energy externalities
- 5 Energy and human rights
- 6 Energy and due process
- 7 Energy poverty, access, and welfare
- 8 Energy subsidies and freedom
- 9 Energy resources and future generations
- 10 Fairness, responsibility, and climate change
- 11 The imperative of making just energy decisions
- Index
- References
Summary
It starts as a good week. Despite the snow and cold, you celebrate your twenty-fifth birthday and first year on the job as the service engineer for an electric utility in Kazakhstan. You deposit a reasonable paycheck and are proud of bringing energy services to the households, enterprises, and industries that need it. This week, too, you have a new assignment: five houses within 10 miles of your service center have failed to pay their electric bills for the past two months. Your work orders are simple: disconnect those five homes from the electric grid.
How do you feel about this task? What do you ask yourself before you either implement the disconnection, or defer it? Does your company have any hard rules or soft policies to guide you? Does it matter whether a storm is coming in, or if a cold snap is expected? Or if you know the age, health, wealth, or merit of the people living in those homes? Does it matter if the cost of keeping “deadbeats” on the system will be paid by the utility’s investors, or by surcharges from other homeowners who do pay their bills on time?
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Global Energy JusticeProblems, Principles, and Practices, pp. 223 - 255Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2014
References
, Congo’s Energy Divide: Hydropower for Mines and Export, Not the Poor (March 2011), pp. 1–4
, “Challenges and Opportunities for Investments in Rural Energy,” presentation to the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP) and International Fund for Agricultural Development Inception Workshop on Leveraging Pro-Poor Public-Private-Partnerships (5Ps) for Rural Development, UN Convention Center, Bangkok, Thailand, September 26, 2011
, , and , Energy for All: Addressing the Energy, Environment, and Poverty Nexus in Asia (Manila: Asian Development Bank, April 2007)Google Scholar
, “Access to Energy and Human Development,” Human Development Report 2007/2008, UN Development Program Human Development Report Office Occasional Paper, 2007Google Scholar
, “Exposure to Indoor Air Pollution from Household Energy Use in Rural China: The Interactions of Technology, Behavior, and Knowledge in Health Risk Management,” Social Science & Medicine 62 (2006), pp. 3161–3176CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
, , and , “Universalization of Access to Modern Energy Services in Indian Households – Economic and Policy Analysis,” Energy Policy 37 (2009), pp. 4645–4657CrossRefGoogle Scholar
and , “Letting the (Energy) Gini out of the Bottle: Lorenz Curves of Cumulative Electricity Consumption and Gini Coefficients as Metric of Energy Distribution and Equity,” Energy Policy 33(14), pp. 1825–1832CrossRef
, “Dynamics of Global Demand: Implications for Middle Eastern Producers,” in The Oil Era: Emerging Challenges (Abu Dhabi: Emirates Center for Strategic Studies and Research, 2011), pp. 39–76Google Scholar
and , “Fuel Poverty as Injustice: Integrating Distribution, Recognition and Procedure in the Struggle for Affordable Warmth,” Energy Policy 49 (October 2012), pp. 69–75CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, , and , Democracy and Regulation: How the Public Can Govern Essential Services (London: Pluto Press, 2003)Google Scholar
, , , , , , and , “Seasonality of Mortality: The September Phenomenon in Mediterranean Countries,” Canadian Medical Association Journal 181 (2009), pp. 484–486CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
, , , , , and , “Tackling Cold Housing and Fuel Poverty in New Zealand: A Review of Policies, Research, and Health Impacts,” Energy Policy, 49 (October 2012), pp. 134–142CrossRefGoogle Scholar
et al., Energy Cultures: Implications for Policymakers (University of Otago Center for Sustainability, Energy Cultures Research Project, February 2012, available at )Google Scholar
, Energy Security and Sustainable Development in Asia and the Pacific (Geneva: UNESCAP, ST/ESCAP/2494, April 2008), p. 185Google Scholar
, “World Bank Turns to Hydropower to Square Development with Climate Change,” Washington Post, May 8, 2013Google Scholar
, , and , “Modernizing Energy Services for the Poor: A World Bank Investment Review-FY2000–2008,” World Bank Energy Sector Management Assistance Program Report, December 2010Google Scholar
, “What Is the Status of the Bank’s Energy Strategy?,” 2013, available at
, Bureaucracy: What Government Agencies Do and Why They Do It (New York: Basic Books, 1989), at pp. 349–350Google Scholar
and , “Thailand’s Electricity Reforms: Privatization of Benefits and Socialization of Costs and Risks,” Pacific Affairs 77(3) (2004), pp. 517–541Google Scholar
, “Imperial Science, Imperial Nature: Environmental Knowledge for the World (Bank),” in and (eds.), Earthly Politics: Local and Global in Environmental Governance (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2004), pp. 55–80Google Scholar
, Imperial Nature: The World Bank and Struggles for Social Justice in the Age of Globalization (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2005)Google Scholar
, “Nanotechnology Innovation and the Patent Thicket: Which IP Policies Promote Growth?,” Albany Law Journal of Science & Technology 15 (2005), pp. 477–515Google Scholar
, “Patent Wars in the Valley of the Shadow of Death: The Pharmaceutical Industry, Ethics, and Global Trade,” University of Miami Law Review 59 (January 2005), pp. 203–293Google Scholar
, “The Use of Delaying Tactics to Obtain Submarine Patents and Amend Around a Patent that a Competitor Has Designed Around,” Journal of the Patent and Trademark Office Society 81 (January 1999), pp. 11–39Google Scholar
, “Navigating the Patent Thicket: Cross Licenses, Patent Pools, and Standard Setting,” in , , and (eds.), Innovation and the Economy (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2000)Google Scholar
, “Patent System Reform: Economic Analysis and Critique,” Berkeley Technology Law Journal 19 (Summer 2004), pp. 1017–1047Google Scholar
, “The Cure for Deadly Patent Practices: Preventing Technology Suppression and Patent Shelving in the Life Sciences,” Albany Law Journal of Science & Technology 14 (2004), p. 398Google Scholar
and , “Can Patents Deter Innovation? The Anticommons in Biomedical Research,” Science 280(5364) (May 1, 1998), pp. 698–701CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
, “Patent Nonuse and the Role of Public Interest as a Deterrent to Technology Suppression,” Harvard Journal of Law & Technology 15 (Spring 2002), pp. 389–451Google Scholar
and , “Better, Faster Cheaper – Later: What Happens When Technologies Are Suppressed,” Michigan Telecommunications and Technology Law Review 11 (Fall 2004), pp. 23–69Google Scholar
, , and , “Protecting their Intellectual Assets: Appropriability Conditions and Why U. S. Manufacturing Firms Patent (Or Not),” National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper 7552 (February 2000)Google Scholar
, “Placing a Glove on the Invisible Hand: How Intellectual Property Rights May Impede Innovation in Energy Research and Development (R&D),” Albany Law Journal of Science & Technology 18(2) (Fall 2008), pp. 381–440Google Scholar
, The Dirty Energy Dilemma: What’s Blocking Clean Power in the United States (Westport: Praeger, 2008)Google Scholar
, “Justice as Fairness,” in and (eds.), Readings in Ethical Theory (Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall, 1970), pp. 578–595Google Scholar
, Nuclear Power and Justice between Generations: A Moral Analysis of Fuel Cycles (The Netherlands: Center for Ethics and Technology, 2010)Google Scholar
, “Intergenerational Justice,” in and (eds.), A Companion to Applied Ethics (London: Blackwell Publishing, 2003), pp. 279–294Google Scholar
, Frontiers of Justice: Disability, Nationality, Species Membership (Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press, 2006), pp. 9–10Google Scholar
, “On the Relevance of John Rawls’s Theory of Justice to Welfare Economics,” Review of Social Economy 55(3) (1995), pp. 332–349CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, “Some Ordinalist-Utilitarian Notes on Rawls’s Theory of Justice,” Journal of Philosophy 82(4) (May 1975), pp. 345–363Google Scholar
, “Bargaining and Justice,” in , , and (eds.), Ethics and Economics (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1985)Google Scholar
, Justice: What’s the Right Thing to Do? (New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux, 2009), p. 142Google Scholar
, “Pariahs and Prophets: Nuclear Energy, Global Warming, and Intergenerational Justice,” Columbia Journal of Environmental Law 17(2) (1992), pp. 245–326Google Scholar
, “The Basic Liberties and their Priority,” in (ed.), Liberty, Equality, and Law: Selected Tanner Lectures on Moral Philosophy (Cambridge University Press, 1987), pp. 1–88Google Scholar
, “In Pursuit of Constitutional Welfare Rights: One View of Rawls’ Theory of Justice,” University of Pennsylvania Law Review 121(5) (May 1973), pp. 962–1019CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, “Beyond Public Reason on Energy Justice: Solidarity and Catholic Social Teaching,” Colorado Journal of International Environmental Law and Policy 21(2) (Spring 2010), pp. 381–398Google Scholar
and , “Fairness versus Welfare: Notes on the Pareto Principle, Preferences, and Distributive Justice,” Journal of Legal Studies 32 (January 2003), pp. 331–362CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, Equality among Unequals in International Environmental Law: Differential Treatment for Developing Countries (Boulder: Westview Press, 1999), p. 56Google Scholar
, “Capability and ‘Well-Being,’” in and (eds.), The Quality of Life (Oxford University Press, 1993), pp. 30–53CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, “Amartya Sen on Rationality and Freedom,” Science & Society 71(1) (January 2007), pp. 59–83CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, “Intergenerational Justice of What: Welfare, Resources or Capabilities?,” Environmental Politics 16(3) (June 2007), pp. 453–469CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, “Towards a Fair Degrowth-Society: Justice and the Right to a ‘Good Life’ beyond Growth,” Futures 44(6) (August 2012), pp. 535–545CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, “Development as Freedom: The Spaces of Amartya Sen,” Progress in Development Studies 2(3) (2002), pp. 183–217CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, Creating Capabilities: The Human Development Approach (Cambridge: Belknap Press, 2011)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, Motivation and Personality, 3rd revised edn. (New York: Harper & Row, 1987; orig. edn., 1954)Google Scholar
, “Welfare, Justice, and Pareto Efficiency,” Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 7(4) (August 2004), pp. 361–380CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, “Property and Need: The Welfare State and Theories of Distributive Justice,” Stanford Law Review 28(5) (May 1976), pp. 877–902CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, , and , “Exploring the Social Justice Implications of Adaptation and Vulnerability,” in , , , and (eds.), Fairness in Adaptation to Climate Change (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2006), p. 81Google Scholar
, “Cosmopolitan Justice and Equalizing Opportunities,” Metaphilosophy 32 (2001), pp. 113–34CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, “Solution to Enhance the Acceptability of Solar-Powered LED Lighting Technology,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 14 (2010), pp. 1096–1103CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, “A Pacific Island Chain with a Real Energy Incentive,” Christian Science Monitor, August 7, 2009Google Scholar
, , , and , Energy Services for the Millennium Development Goals (Washington and New York: International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank and the UN Development Program, 2005), pp. 13–14Google Scholar
and , Climate Change and Global Energy Security: Technology and Policy Options (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2011)Google Scholar
et al., “Expanding Energy Access in Developing Countries: The Role of Mechanical Power,” Practical Action Report (Washington, DC: UN Development Program, 2009)Google Scholar
, , , , , , , and , “Improving Access to Modern Energy Services: Insights from Case Studies,” Electricity Journal 25(1) (January 2012), pp. 93–114CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, , , , and , “New Partnerships and Business Models for Facilitating Energy Access,” Energy Policy 47(1) (June 2012), pp. 48–55CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, , and , Cinta Mekar Micro-Hydro Power Plant: Giving Power to the People (Jakarta: Institute for Essential Services Reform, 2009)Google Scholar
, Annual Report 2012/13: An Overview of REEEP Activities & Achievements, April 1, 2012 – March 31, 2013
, Office of Community Services, Administration for Children and Families, US Department of Health and Human Services, LIHEAP Energy Burden Evaluation Study (July 2005)
Personal correspondence with Samantha Ruiz, July 26, 2013
, “Weatherization Assistance Program,” January 30, 2012
, Energy and Ethics: Justice and the Global Energy Challenge (New York: Palgrave, 2013)CrossRefGoogle Scholar