Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-wzw2p Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-02T13:19:36.143Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

7 - Pharmacologic-Enhanced Approaches for the Anxiety Disorders

from Part I - Anxiety Disorders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 April 2019

By
Janki Modi Avari ,
Mia Gintoft Cohen ,
Despina Hatziergati  and
John T. Walkup
Edited by
Lara J. Farrell ,
Thomas H. Ollendick  and
Peter Muris
Lara J. Farrell
Affiliation:
Griffith University, Queensland
Thomas H. Ollendick
Affiliation:
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Peter Muris
Affiliation:
Universiteit Maastricht, Netherlands
Get access
Type
Chapter
Information
Innovations in CBT for Childhood Anxiety, OCD, and PTSD
Improving Access and Outcomes
 , pp. 160 - 181
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2019

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Beidel, D. C., Turner, S. M., Sallee, F. R., Ammerman, R. T., Crosby, L. A., Pathak, S. (2007). SET-C versus fluoxetine in the treatment of childhood social phobia. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 46(12), 1622–1632. PubMed PMID: 18030084.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Berney, T., Kolvin, I., Bhate, S. R., Garside, R. F., Jeans, J., Kay, B., & Scarth, L. (1981). School phobia: A therapeutic trial with clomipramine and short-term outcome. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 138(2), 110–118.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bernstein, G. A., Borchardt, C. M., Perwien, A. R., Crosby, R. D., Kushner, M. G., Thuras, P. D., & Last, C. G. (2000). Imipramine plus cognitive-behavioral therapy in the treatment of school refusal. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 39(3), 276–283.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Birmaher, B., Waterman, G. S., Ryan, N., Cully, M., Balach, L., Ingram, J., … Schowalter, J. E. (1996). Fluoxetine for childhood anxiety disorders. Year Book of Psychiatry & Applied Mental Health, 1996(3), 46.Google Scholar
Birmaher, B., Khetarpal, S., Brent, D., Cully, M., Balach, L., Kaufman, J., & Neer, S. M. (1997). The screen for child anxiety related emotional disorders (SCARED): Scale construction and psychometric characteristics. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 36(4), 545–553.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Birmaher, B., Axelson, D. A., Monk, K., Kalas, C., Clark, D. B., Ehmann, M., Bridge, J., Heo, J., Brent, D. A. (2003). Fluoxetine for the treatment of childhood anxiety disorders. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 42(4), 415–423. PubMed PMID: 12649628.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bridge, J. A., Iyengar, S., Salary, C. B., Barbe, R. P., Birmaher, B., Pincus, H. A., … Brent, D. A. (2007). Clinical response and risk for reported suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in pediatric antidepressant treatment: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Journal of the American Medical Association, 297(15), 1683–1696.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Compton, S. N., Walkup, J. T., Albano, A. M., Piacentini, J. C., Birmaher, B., Sherrill, J. T., … Iyengar, S. (2010). Child/adolescent anxiety multimodal study (CAMS): Rationale, design, and methods. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 4(1), 1.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Connolly, S. D., & Bernstein, G. A. (2007). Practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with anxiety disorders. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 46(2), 267–283.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Costello, E. J., Angold, A., Burns, B. J., Stangl, D. K., Tweed, D. L., Erkanli, A., & Worthman, C. M. (1996). The Great Smoky Mountains Study of Youth: Goals, design, methods, and the prevalence of DSM-III-R disorders. Archives of General Psychiatry, 53(12), 1129–1136.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Crawley, S. A., Caporino, N. E., Birmaher, B., Ginsburg, G., Piacentini, J., Albano, A. M., … McCracken, J. (2014). Somatic complaints in anxious youth. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 45(4), 398–407.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cytryn, L., Gilbert, A., & Eisenberg, L. (1960). The effectiveness of tranquilizing drugs plus supportive psychotherapy in treating behavior disorders of children: A double-blind study of eighty outpatients. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 30(1), 113.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Diaz-Guerrero, R., Feinstein, R., & Gottlieb, J. S. (1956). EEG findings following intravenous injection of diphenhydramine hydrochloride (benadryl R). Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 8(2), 299–306.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
D’Souza, R. F., Uguz, S., George, T., Vahip, S., Hopwood, M., Martin, A. J., … Burt, T. (2005). Randomized trial of sertraline versus venlafaxine XR in major depression: Efficacy and discontinuation symptoms. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry.Google Scholar
Effron, A. S., & Freedman, A. M. (1953). The treatment of behavior disorders in children with benadryl: A preliminary report. The Journal of Pediatrics, 42(2), 261–266.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Farah, A., & Lauer, T. E. (1996). Possible venlafaxine withdrawal syndrome. The American Journal of Psychiatry.Google Scholar
Fava, M., Mulroy, R., Alpert, J., Nierenberg, A. A., & Rosenbaum, J. F. (1997). Emergence of adverse events following discontinuation of treatment with extended-release venlafaxine. American Journal of Psychiatry, 154(12), 1760–1762.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gittelman-Klein, R., & Klein, D. F. (1971). Controlled imipramine treatment of school phobia. Archives of General Psychiatry, 25(3), 204–207.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Graae, F., Milner, J., Rizzotto, L., & Klein, R. G. (1994). Clonazepam in childhood anxiety disorders. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 33(3), 372–376.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Haddad, P. M. (2001). Antidepressant discontinuation syndromes. Drug Safety, 24(3), 183–197.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hammad, T.A., Laughren, T., Racoosin, J. (2006). Suicidality in pediatric patients treated with antidepressant drugs. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 63(3), 332–339.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hathaway, E.E, Walkup, J.T, Strawn, J.R. (2018). Antidepressant treatment duration in pediatric depressive and anxiety disorders: How long is long enough? Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care, 48(2), 31–39.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hiemke, C., & Härtter, S. (2000). Pharmacokinetics of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Pharmacol Ther, 85(1), 11–28.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hosenbocus, S., & Chahal, R. (2011). SSRIs and SNRIs: A review of the discontinuation syndrome in children and adolescents. Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 20(1), 60.Google ScholarPubMed
Keeton, C. P., Kolos, A. C., & Walkup, J. T. (2009). Pediatric generalized anxiety disorder. Pediatric Drugs, 11(3), 171–183.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Klein, R. G., Koplewicz, H. S., & Kanner, A. (1992). Imipramine treatment of children with separation anxiety disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 31(1), 21–28.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kodish, I., Rockhill, C., & Varley, C., (2011). Pharmacotherapy for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 13(4), 439–452.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Koga, M., Kodaka, F., Miyata, H., & Nakayama, K. (2009). Symptoms of delusion: the effects of discontinuation of low‐dose venlafaxine. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 120(4), 329–331.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Louie, A. K., Lannon, R. A., Kirsch, M. A., & Lewis, T. B. (1996). Venlafaxine withdrawal reactions. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 153(12), 1652.Google ScholarPubMed
March, J. S., Entusah, A. R., Rynn, M., Albano, A. M., & Tourian, K. A. (2007). A randomized controlled trial of venlafaxine ER versus placebo in pediatric social anxiety disorder. Biological Psychiatry, 62(10), 1149–1154.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mohatt, J., Bennett, S. M., & Walkup, J. T. (2014). Treatment of separation, generalized, and social anxiety disorders in youths. American Journal of Psychiatry, 171(7), 741–748.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nissen, C., Feige, B., Nofzinger, E., Riemann, D., Berger, M., & Voderholzer, U. (2005). Transient narcolepsy‐cataplexy syndrome after discontinuation of the antidepressant venlafaxine. Journal of Sleep Research, 14(2), 207–208.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pine, D. S. (2002). Treating children and adolescents with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: How long is appropriate? Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, 12(3), 189–203.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pine, D. S., Cohen, P., Gurley, D., Brook, J., & Ma, Y. (1998). The risk for early-adulthood anxiety and depressive disorders in adolescents with anxiety and depressive disorders. Archives of General Psychiatry, 55(1), 56–64.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rahn, K. A., Cao, Y. J., Hendrix, C. W., & Kaplin, A. I. (2015). The role of 5-HT1A receptors in mediating acute negative effects of antidepressants: Implications in pediatric depression. Translational Psychiatry, 5(5), e563.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Reinblatt, S. P., and Walkup, J. T. (2005). Psychopharmacologic treatment of pediatric anxiety disorders. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America. 877–908.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rynn, M. A., Walkup, J. T., Compton, S. N., Sakolsky, D. J., Sherrill, J. T., Shen, S., … Riddle, M. A. (2015). Child/Adolescent anxiety multimodal study: Evaluating safety. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 54(3), 180–190.0.Google ScholarPubMed
Rynn, M. A., Riddle, M. A., Yeung, P. P., & Kunz, N. R. (2007). Efficacy and safety of extended-release venlafaxine in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder in children and adolescents: Two placebo-controlled trials. American Journal of Psychiatry, 164(2), 290–300.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Safer, D. J., & Zito, J. M. (2006). Treatment-emergent adverse events from selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors by age group: Children versus adolescents. Journal of Child & Adolescent Psychopharmacology, 16(1–2), 159–169.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Simeon, J. G., & Ferguson, H. B. (1987). Alprazolam effects in children with anxiety disorders. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 32(7), 570–574.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Simeon, J. G., Knott, V. J., Dubois, C., Wiggins, D., Geraets, I., Thatte, S., & Miller, W. (1994). Buspirone therapy of mixed anxiety disorders in childhood and adolescence: A pilot study. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, 4(3), 159–170.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spindler, P. E. (2008). Palinopsia following discontinuation of venlafaxine. Psychiatrische Praxis, 35(5), 255–257.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Strawn, J. R., Dobson, E. T., & Giles, L. L. (2017). Primary pediatric care psychopharmacology: Focus on medications for ADHD, depression, and anxiety. Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care, 47(1), 3–14.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Strawn, J. R., Welge, J. A., Wehry, A. M., Keeshin, B., & Rynn, M. A. (2015). Efficacy and tolerability of antidepressants in pediatric anxiety disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Depression and Anxiety, 32(3), 149–157.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Strawn, J. R., Prakash, A., Zhang, Q., Pangallo, B. A., Stroud, C. E., Cai, N., & Findling, R. L. (2015). A randomized, placebo-controlled study of duloxetine for the treatment of children and adolescents with generalized anxiety disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 54(4), 283–293.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wagner, K. D., Berard, R., Stein, M. B., Wetherhold, E., Carpenter, D. J., Perera, P., … Machin, A. (2004). A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of paroxetine in children and adolescents with social anxiety disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 61(11), 1153–1162.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Walkup, J. T., Albano, A. M., Piacentini, J., Birmaher, B., Compton, S. N., Sherrill, J. T., … Iyengar, S. (2008). Cognitive behavioral therapy, sertraline, or a combination in childhood anxiety. New England Journal of Medicine, 359(26), 2753–2766.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Walkup, J. T., Labellarte, M. J., Riddle, M. A., Pine, D. S., Greenhill, L., Klein, R., … Klee, B. (2001). Fluvoxamine for the treatment of anxiety disorders in children and adolescents. New England Journal of Medicine, 344(17), 1279–1285.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Woodward, L. J., & Fergusson, D. M. (2001). Life course outcomes of young people with anxiety disorders in adolescence. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 40(9), 1086–1093.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×