Chapter six examines Cornelia “the mother of the Gracchi,” a prominent matron of the second century BCE. Cornelia’s chief monument is her epithet mater Gracchorum, a phrase that pervasively shapes how she is deployed as an exemplum. The “mothering” so spotlighted is manifest in her exemplary pedagogy and rhetorical prowess, as she reared her sons Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus to be great men and orators, as well as in her fortitude when they died and in her conspicuous chastity. Another key monument, a bronze statue with inscribed base, stood in the Portico of Octavia from the early Augustan age. For Augustus deployed Cornelia (represented by her statue and inscription) as an exemplary precedent for his sister Octavia; and made them jointly into exemplary vehicles for the gendered values and behaviors he otherwise promoted. Cornelia also found resonance in Augustan and later consolatory contexts as an exemplary maternal mourner of dead children.