Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-nr4z6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-01T20:51:50.725Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter 14 - Sex with Bleeding in the Second and Third Trimesters

from Section 2 - Specific Issues

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 November 2022

Dan Farine
Affiliation:
Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto
Pablo Tobías González
Affiliation:
Hospital Universitario Infanta Cristina de Parla, Madrid
Get access

Summary

This chapter addresses the issue of what advice to give pregnant women who are at risk of bleeding or who have experienced vaginal bleeding (antepartum hemorrhage) during pregnancy. Topics covered include local causes of bleeding (e.g cervix), abruption, and placenta previa. We review the published evidence, which is very limited, for the basis of any recommendations regarding sex and bleeding in pregnancy. The recommendations provided in the chapter regarding sexual activity are tailored to the various clinical presentations of antepartum hemorrhage. This includes advice for patients who are at risk of bleeding as well as those who have already experienced an episode of antepartum hemorrhage. In a unique approach using the classification of placenta previa by transvaginal ultrasound, recommendations for sexual activity are related to the risks of hemorrhage based on distance of the placental edge from the internal cervical os.

Type
Chapter
Information
Sex and Pregnancy
From Evidence-Based Medicine to Dr Google
, pp. 97 - 103
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2022

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Tarney, C. M., Han, J.. Postcoital bleeding: a review on etiology, diagnosis, and management. Obstet Gynecol Int 2014;2014:192087.Google Scholar
Shapley, M., Jordan, K., Croft, P. R.. An epidemiological survey of symptoms of menstrual loss in the community. Br J Gen Pract 2004;54:359–63.Google Scholar
Casey, P. M., Long, M. E., Marnach, M. L.. Abnormal cervical appearance: what to do, when to worry? Mayo Clin Proc 2011;86:147–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Buisson, O., Foldes, P., Jannini, E., Mimoun, S.. Coitus as revealed by ultrasound in one volunteer couple. J Sex Med 2010;7:2750–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ananth, C. V., Lavery, J. A., Vintzileos, A. M., et al. Severe placental abruption: clinical definition and associations with maternal complications. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2016;214:272.e1–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tikkanen, M.. Placental abruption: epidemiology, risk factors and consequences. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2011;90:140–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Palmeri, S. T., Kostis, J. B., Casazza, L., et al. Heart rate and blood pressure response in adult men and women during exercise and sexual activity. Am J Cardiol 2007;100:1795–801.Google Scholar
Brink, A. L., Odendaal, H. J.. Risk factors for abruptio placentae. S Afr Med J 1987;72:250–2.Google Scholar
Naeye, R. L.. Coitus and antepartum haemorrhage. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1981;88:765–70.Google Scholar
Naeye, R. L.. Coitus and associated amniotic-fluid infections. N Engl J Med 1979;301:1198–200.Google Scholar
Zsoldos, M., Vezér, M., Pusztafalvi, H., et al. Orgasmic coitus triggered stillbirth via placental abruption: a case report. Arch Case Rep 2019;3:56–8.Google Scholar
Aziken, M. E.. Abruptio placenta following sexual intercourse: case report. Niger Postgrad Med J 2003;10:113–14.Google Scholar
Taylor, R. N., Green, J. R.. Abruptio placentae following nipple stimulation. Am J Perinatol 1987;4:94–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Eckford, S., Westgate, J.. Breast-feeding and placental abruption. J Obstet Gynaecol 1997;17:164–5.Google Scholar
Jones, C., Chan, C., Farine, D.. Sex in pregnancy. Can Med Assoc J 2011;183:815–18.Google Scholar
Jain, V., Bos, H., Bujold, E.. Guideline No. 402. Diagnosis and management of placenta previa. J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2020;42:906–17.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cunningham, F., Levono, K. J., Bloom, S. L., et al., eds. Obstetrical hemorrhage. In Williams Obstetrics, 25th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2018.Google Scholar
Vergani, P., Ornaghi, S., Pozzi, I., et al. Placenta previa: distance to internal os and mode of delivery. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2009;201:266.e1–5.Google Scholar
Faix, A., Lapray, J. F., Callede, O., Maubon, A., Lanfrey, K.. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of sexual intercourse: second experience in missionary position and initial experience in posterior position. J Sex Marital Ther 2002;28:6376.Google Scholar
Timor-Tritsch, I. E., Yunis, R. A.. Confirming the safety of transvaginal sonography in patients suspected of placenta previa. Obstet Gynecol 1993;81:742–4.Google Scholar
Stafford, I. A., Dashe, J. S., Shivvers, S. A., et al. Ultrasonographic cervical length and risk of hemorrhage in pregnancies with placenta previa. Obstet Gynecol 2010;116:595600.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rao, K. P., Belogolovkin, V., Yankowitz, J., Spinnato, J. A. II. Abnormal placentation: evidence-based diagnosis and management of placenta previa, placenta accreta, and vasa previa. Obstet Gynecol Surv 2012;67:503–19.Google Scholar
Lockwood, C. J., Russo-Stieglitz, K.. Placenta previa: management. www.uptodate.com/contents/placenta-previa-management (accessed April 2, 2021).Google Scholar
Lindberg, S.. Is bleeding after sex while pregnant cause for concern? www.healthline.com/health/pregnancy/bleeding-after-sex-during-pregnancy#serious-causes (accessed September 17, 2021).Google Scholar
Harris, N.. Bleeding after sex while pregnant: should I worry? www.parents.com/pregnancy/my-life/sex-relationship/bleeding-after-sex-while-pregnant-should-i-worry/ (accessed September 17, 2021).Google Scholar
Emma’s Diary. Is it normal to bleed after sex during pregnancy? www.emmasdiary.co.uk/wellbeing/prenatal/is-bleeding-after-sex-during-pregnancy-normal (accessed September 17, 2021).Google Scholar
Kuna, M.. Bleeding after sex during pregnancy. Is it normal? www.babydoppler.com/blog/bleeding-after-sex-during-pregnancy-is-it-normal/ (accessed September 17, 2021).Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×