Republican Italy was a nineteenth-century transnational dream. This ‘imagined nation’ galvanised and united Risorgimento democrats in Italy and Victorian radicals in Britain, who called themselves Mazzinians. It was Giuseppe Mazzini's vision of a unified, republican Italy, combined with his promotion of the universal principles of individual freedom, equality and emancipation within democratically-governed nation states, which drew Victorian radicals to support the ideal of a ‘popular Risorgimento’. While they condemned both Britain's imperial politics and the government's ‘noninterventionist’ stance in European revolutions, Victorian radicals endorsed the establishment outside Britain of a new model of a republican nation which would lead the way towards a fully-realised form of democracy across all nations. By embracing the ‘transnational turn’ in the context of the new history of nineteenth-century Italy, this book adds a novel dimension specifically to the so-called ‘popular Risorgimento’, reconstituting the historical fragments and tracing the continuities of a forgotten, longue durée process. This spanned national boundaries from Mazzini's arrival in London,in 1837, to the death, in 1890, of his most loyal disciple, Aurelio Saffi, a Risorgimento democrat exiled in Britain from 1851 to 1860, who, in the aftermath of Italy's unification in 1861, continued to pursue the republican dream.