Bibliography
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 24 February 2022
Summary
A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Before the WestThe Rise and Fall of Eastern World Orders, pp. 273 - 301Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2022
References
Abou-El-Haj, Rifaʻat Ali. 2005. Formation of the Modern State: The Ottoman Empire, Sixteenth to Eighteenth Centuries. Syracuse University Press.Google Scholar
Acharya, Amitav, and Buzan, Barry. 2019. The Making of Global International Relations. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Adler, Emanuel. 2019. World Ordering: A Social Theory of Cognitive Evolution. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Adler-Nissen, Rebecca, and Zarakol, Ayşe. 2021. ‘Struggles for Recognition: The Liberal International Order and the Merger of Its Discontents’. International Organization 75(2): 611–34.Google Scholar
Aigle, Denise. 2005. ‘The Letters of Eljigidei, Hülegü, and Abaqa: Mongol Overtures or Christian Ventriloquism?’ Inner Asia 7(2): 143–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aigle, Denise 2006. ‘Iran under Mongol Domination: The Effectiveness and Failings of a Dual Administrative System’. Bulletin D’études Orientales 57: 65–78.Google Scholar
Aksan, Virginia H., and Goffman, Daniel. 2007. The Early Modern Ottomans: Remapping the Empire. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Alam, Muzaffar. 1994. ‘Trade, State Policy and Regional Change: Aspects of Mughal–Uzbek Commercial Relations, C. 1550–1750’. Journal of Economic and Social History of the Orient 37(3): 202–27.Google Scholar
Alam, Muzaffar, and Subrahmanyam, Sanjay. 2004. ‘The Deccan Frontier and Mughal Expansion, Ca. 1600: Contemporary Perspectives’. Journal of Economic and Social History of the Orient 47(3): 357–89.Google Scholar
Alam, Muzaffar, and Subrahmanyam, Sanjay 2007. Indo-Persian Travels in the Age of Discoveries, 1400–1800. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Al-Azmeh, A. 2001. ‘Islamic Fundamentalism’. In International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, edited by Wright, James D., pp. 7931–4. Elsevier.Google Scholar
Allsen, Thomas. 1981. ‘Mongol Census Taking in Rus’, 1245–1275’. Harvard Ukrainian Studies 5(1): 32–53.Google Scholar
Allsen, Thomas 2001. Culture and Conquest in Mongol Eurasia. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Allsen, Thomas 2004. ‘Population Movements in Mongol Eurasia’. In Nomads as Agents of Cultural Change: The Mongols and Their Eurasian Predecessors, edited by Amitai, Reuven and Biran, Michal, pp. 119–51. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Allsen, Thomas 2019. The Steppe and the Sea: Pearls in the Mongol Empire. University of Pennsylvania Press.Google Scholar
Amitai, Reuven. 1994. ‘An Exchange of Letters in Arabic between Abaγa Īlkhān and Sultan Baybars (A.H. 667/A.D. 1268–69)’. Central Asiatic Journal 38(1): 11–33.Google Scholar
Amitai, Reuven 2004a. ‘Did Chinggis Khan Have a Jewish Teacher? An Examination of an Early Fourteenth-Century Arabic Text’. Journal of the American Oriental Society 124(4): 691–705.Google Scholar
Amitai, Reuven 2004b. ‘The Impact of the Mongols on the History of Syria, Politics, Society and Culture’. In Nomads as Agents of Cultural Change: The Mongols and Their Eurasian Predecessors, edited by Amitai, Reuven and Biran, Michal, pp. 228–51. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Amitai-Preiss, Reuven. 1996. ‘Ghazan, Islam and Mongol Tradition: A View from the Mamlūk Sultanate’. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 59(1): 1–10.Google Scholar
Anderson, James A. 2014. ‘Man and Mongols: the Dali and Đại Việt Kingdoms in the Face of the Northern Invasions’. In Anderson, James A. and Whitmore, John K. (eds.), China’s Encounters on the South and Southwest: Reforging the Fiery Frontier over Two Millennia, pp. 106–34. Brill.Google Scholar
Anievas, Alex, and Nişancıoğlu, Kerem. 2015. How the West Came to Rule. University of Chicago Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arjomand, Saïd Amir. 2016. ‘Unity of the Persianate World under Turko-Mongolian Domination and Divergent Development of Imperial Autocracies in the Sixteenth Century’. Journal of Persianate Studies 9(1): 1–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Assmann, Jan. 2003. The Mind of Egypt: History and Meaning in the Time of the Pharaohs. Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Assmann, Jan 2014. From Akhenaten to Moses: Ancient Egypt and Religious Change. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Atwell, William S. 1978. ‘A Seventeenth-Century “General Crisis” in East Asia?’ In The General Crisis of the Seventeenth Century, edited by Parkey, Geoffrey and Smith, Lesley M., pp. 236–56. Routledge & Kegan Paul.Google Scholar
Atwell, William S. 1986. ‘Some Observations on the “Seventeenth-Century Crisis” in China and Japan’. Journal of Asian Studies 45(2): 223–44.Google Scholar
Atwell, William S. 1988. ‘Ming Observers of Ming Decline: Some Chinese Views on the “Seventeenth-Century Crisis” in Comparative Perspective’. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland 2: 316–48.Google Scholar
Atwell, William S. 1990. ‘A Seventeenth-Century “General Crisis” in East Asia?’, Modern Asian Studies 24(4): 661–82.Google Scholar
Atwell, William S. 2002. ‘Time, Money, and the Weather: Ming China and the “Great Depression” of the Mid-Fifteenth Century’. Journal of Asian Studies 61(1): 83–113.Google Scholar
Atwood, Christopher P. 2004a. Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. Facts on File.Google Scholar
Atwood, Christopher P. 2004b. ‘Validation by Holiness or Sovereignty: Religious Toleration as Political Theology in the Mongol World Empire of the Thirteenth Century’. International History Review 26(2): 237–56.Google Scholar
Atwood, Christopher P. 2015. ‘The Administrative Origins of Mongolia’s “Tribal” Vocabulary’. https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1012&context=ealc.Google Scholar
Aydın, Cemil. 2007a. ‘A Global Anti-Western Moment? The Russo-Japanese War, Decolonization, and Asian Modernity’. In Competing Visions of World Order: Global Moments and Movements, 1880s–1930s, edited by Conrad, Sebastian and Sachsenmaier, Dominic, pp. 213–36. Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
Aydın, Cemil 2007b. The Politics of Anti-Westernism in Asia: Visions of World Order in Pan-Islamic and Pan-Asian Thought. Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Aydın, Cemil 2013. ‘Globalizing the Intellectual History of the Idea of the “Muslim World”’. In Global Intellectual History, edited by Moyn, Samuel and Andrew, Sartori, pp. 158–86. Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Babayan, Kathryn. 2002. Mystics, Monarchs, and Messiahs: Cultural Landscapes of Early Modern Iran. Harvard Center for Middle Eastern Studies.Google Scholar
Babur, and William Dalrymple, . 2020. The Babur Nama. Translated by Annette Susannah Beveridge. Everyman’s Library.Google Scholar
Balabanlilar, Lisa. 2007. ‘Lords of the Auspicious Conjunction: Turco-Mongol Imperial Identity on the Subcontinent’. Journal of World History 18(1): 1–39.Google Scholar
Barkey, Karen. 2008. Empire of Difference – The Ottomans in Comparative Perspective. Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baumann, Brian. 2013. ‘By the Power of Eternal Heaven: The Meaning of Tenggeri to the Government of the Pre-Buddhist Mongols’. Extrême-Orient Extrême-Occident 35: 233–84.Google Scholar
Beaulac, Stephane. 2000. ‘The Westphalian Legal Orthodoxy – Myth or Reality?’ Journal of the History of International Law 2: 148–77.Google Scholar
Benabdallah, Lina. 2020. Shaping the Future of Power: Knowledge Production and Network-Building in China–Africa Relation. University of Michigan Press.Google Scholar
Ben-Dor Benite, Zvi. 2008. ‘The Marrano Emperor: The Mysterious Bond between Zhu Yuanzhang and the Chinese Muslims’. In Long Live the Emperor! Uses of the Ming Founder across Six Centuries of East Asian History, pp. 275–308. Society for Ming Studies.Google Scholar
Bennison, Amira. 2014. The Great Caliphs: The Golden Age of the ’Abbasid Empire. Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Benton, Lauren. 2009. A Search for Sovereignty: Law and Geography in European Empires, 1400–1900. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Binbaş, İlker Evrim. 2016. Intellectual Networks in Timurid Iran: Sharaf Al-Dīn ‘Alī Yazdī and the Islamicate Republic of Letters. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Biran, Michal 2013. ‘The Mongol Empire in World History: The State of the Field’. History Compass 11(11): 1021–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Black, Antony. 2011. History of Islamic Political Thought: From the Prophet to the Present. Edinburgh University Press.Google Scholar
Blom, Philipp. 2019. Nature’s Mutiny: How the Little Ice Age of the Long Seventeenth Century Transformed the West and Shaped the Present. Liveright Publishing Corp.Google Scholar
Bonine, Michael E., Amanat, Abbas and Gasper, Michael, eds. 2011. Is There a Middle East? The Evolution of a Geopolitical Concept. Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Branch, Jordan. 2011. ‘Mapping the Sovereign State: Technology, Authority, and Systemic Change’. International Organization 65(1): 1–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Branch, Jordan 2013. The Cartographic State: Maps, Territory, and the Origins of Sovereignty. Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Braudel, Fernand. 1972. The Mediterranean and the Mediterranean World in the Age of Philip II, Vol 1. Collins.Google Scholar
Broadbridge, Anne F. 2013. ‘Mongolian Conquests Review’. Journal of World History 24(3): 696–99.Google Scholar
Brook, Timothy, van Praag, Michael van Walt and Boltjes, Miek. 2018. Sacred Mandates: Asian International Relations since Chinggis Khan. University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Brooks, Stephen G., and Wohlforth, William C.. 2002. ‘American Primacy in Perspective’. Foreign Affairs 81(4): 20–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brooks, Stephen G., and Wohlforth, William C. 2016. ‘The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers in the Twenty-First Century: China’s Rise and the Fate of America’s Global Position’. International Security 40(3): 7–53.Google Scholar
Buell, Paul. 2009. “Mongols in Vietnam: End of One Era, Beginning of Another”. First Congress of the Asian Association of World Historians. Osaka University Nakanoshima-Center.Google Scholar
Buell, Paul 2015. ‘Early Mongolian Geographical Conceptions’. Journal of South Asian Natural History 49(1–2): 19–29.Google Scholar
Bull, Hedley. 1977. The Anarchical Society: A Study of Order in World Politics. Palgrave.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bull, Hedley, and Watson, Adam. 1984. The Expansion of International Society. Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Büntgen, Ulf, and Di Cosmo, Nicola. 2016. ‘Climatic and Environmental Aspects of the Mongol Withdrawal from Hungary in 1242 CE’. Scientific Reports 6(25606): 1–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Burak, Guy. 2013a. ‘Faith, Law and Empire in the Ottoman “Age of Confessionalization” (Fifteenth–Seventeenth Centuries): The Case of “Renewal of Faith”’. Mediterranean Historical Review 28(1): 1–23.Google Scholar
Burak, Guy 2013b. ‘The Second Formation of Islamic Law: The Post-Mongol Context of the Ottoman Adoption of a School of Law’. Comparative Studies in Society and History 55(3): 579–602.Google Scholar
Buzan, Barry. 2010. ‘China in International Society: Is “Peaceful Rise” Possible?’. Chinese Journal of International Politics 3(1): 5–36.Google Scholar
Buzan, Barry, and Lawson, George. 2015. The Global Transformation. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Buzan, Barry, and Little, Richard. 2000. International Systems in World History: Remaking the Study of International Relations. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Buzan, Barry, and Zhang, Yongjin. 2014. Contesting International Society in East Asia. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Cabbuag, Samuel. 2016. ‘Charisma and Charismatic Leaders: Weber and Beyond’. Philippine Sociological Review 64(1): 209–30.Google Scholar
Cannadine, David. 2002. Ornamentalism: How the British Saw Their Empire. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Çapan, Gülşah Zeynep, and Zarakol, Ayşe. 2019. ‘Turkey’s Ambivalent Self: Ontological Insecurity in “Kemalism” versus “Erdoğanism”’. Cambridge Review of International Affairs 32(3): 263–82.Google Scholar
Casale, Giancarlo. 2007. ‘Global Politics in the 1580s: One Canal, Twenty Thousand Cannibals, and an Ottoman Plot to Rule the World’. Journal of World History 18(3): 267–96.Google Scholar
Cassen, Flora. 2017. ‘Philip Ii of Spain and His Italian Jewish Spy’. Journal of Early Modern History 21(4): 318–42.Google Scholar
Chan, Steve. 2007. China, the US and the Power-Transition Theory: A Critique. Routledge.Google Scholar
Ch’en, T. T. 1963. ‘Sino-Liu-chiuan Relations in the Nineteenth Century’. Ph.D. diss., Indiana University. Cheng, Anne. 2020. ‘Is Zhongguo the Middle Kingdom or Madhyadeśa?” In India–China: Intersecting Universalities, edited by Cheng, Anne and Kumar, Sanchit, pp. 38–55. Collège de France.Google Scholar
Cherniavsky, Michael. 1959. ‘Khan or Basileus: An Aspect of Russian Mediaeval Political Theory’. Journal of the History of Ideas 20(4): 459–76.Google Scholar
Çıpa, Erdem H. 2017. The Making of Selim: Succession, Legitimacy, and Memory in the Early Modern Ottoman World. Indiana University Press.Google Scholar
Çırakman, Aslı. 2001. ‘From Tyranny to Despotism: The Enlightenment’s Unenlightened Image of the Turks’. International Journal of Middle East Studies 33: 49–68.Google Scholar
Clavijo, Ruy Gonzalez De. 1928. Clavijo: Embassy to Tamerlane, 1403–1406. Translated by Guy Le Strange. Routledge.Google Scholar
Collins, Randall. 1985. ‘The Mega-Historians’. Sociological Theory 3(1): 114–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Collins, Randall 1997. ‘An Asian Route to Capitalism: Religious Economy and the Origins of Self-Transforming Growth in Japan’. American Sociological Review 62(6): 843–65.Google Scholar
Cooley, Alexander, and Nexon, Daniel. 2020. Exit from Hegemony: The Unraveling of the American Global Order. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Costello, Paul. 1992. ‘William McNeill’s Ecological Mythhistory: Toward an Ambiguous Future’. Historical Reflections 18(1): 99–119.Google Scholar
Cox, Michael. 2001. ‘Whatever Happened to American Decline? International Relations and the New United States Hegemony’. New Political Economy 6(3): 311–40.Google Scholar
Crone, Patricia. 1980. Slaves on Horses: The Evolution of the Islamic Polity. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Crone, Patricia, and Hinds, Martin. 2003. God’s Caliph: Religious Authority in the First Centuries of Islam. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Crossley, Pamela. 2000. A Translucent Mirror: History and Identity in Qing Imperial Ideology. University of California Press.Google Scholar
Crossley, Pamela Kyle, Siu, Helen F. and Sutton, Donal S.. 2000. Empire at the Margins: Culture, Ethnicity, and Frontier in Early Modern China. University of California Press.Google Scholar
Croxton, Derek. 1999. ‘The Peace of Westphalia of 1648 and the Origins of Sovereignty’. International History Review 21(3): 569–91.Google Scholar
Dale, Stephen Frederic. 1998. ‘The Legacy of the Timurids’. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland 8(1): 43–58.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dale, Stephen Frederic 2006. ‘Ibn Khaldun: The Last Greek and the First Annaliste Historian’. International Journal of Middle East Studies 38(3): 431–51.Google Scholar
Dardess, John. 2016. Four Seasons: A Ming Emperor and His Grand Secretaries in Sixteenth-Century China. Rowman & Littlefield.Google Scholar
Darling, Linda T. 2008. ‘Political Change and Political Discourse in the Early Modern Mediterranean World’. Journal of Interdisciplinary History xxxviii(4): 505–31.Google Scholar
Darling, Linda T. 2011. ‘Reformulating the Gazi Narrative: When Was the Ottoman State a Gazi State?’ Turcica 43: 13–53.Google Scholar
Davis, Kathleen. 2008. Periodization and Sovereignty: How Ideas of Feudalism and Secularization Govern the Politics of Time. University of Pennsylvania Press.Google Scholar
de Carvalho, Benjamin, Leira, Halvard and Hobson, John M.. 2011. ‘The Big Bangs of IR: The Myths That Your Teachers Still Tell You about 1648 and 1919’. Millennium 39(3): 735–58.Google Scholar
Dekkiche, Malika. 2014–5. ‘New Source, New Debate: Re-evaluation of the Mamluk-Timurid Struggle for Religious Supremacy in the Hijaz (Paris, BnF MS ar. 4440)’. Mamluk Studies Review XVIII: 247–71.Google Scholar
Dekkiche, Malika 2016. ‘The Letter and Its Response: The Exchanges between the Qara Qoyunlu and the Mamluk Sultan: Ms Arabe 4440 (BnF, Paris)’. Arabica 63(6): 579–626.Google Scholar
Denemark, Robert. 1999. ‘World System History: From Traditional International Politics to the Study of Global Relations’. International Studies Review 1(2): 43–75.Google Scholar
Deng, Kent. 2020. ‘One-Off Capitalism in Song China, 960–1279 CE’. In Capitalisms: Toward a Global History, edited by Yazdani, Menon, pp. 227–50. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Derman, Joshua. 2011. ‘Max Weber and Charisma: A Transatlantic Affair’. New German Critique 113: 51–88.Google Scholar
de Vries, Jan. 2009. ‘The Economic Crisis of the Seventeenth Century after Fifty Years’. Journal of Interdisciplinary History 40(2): 151–94.Google Scholar
de Vries, Jan 2013. ‘The Crisis of the Seventeenth Century: The Little Ice Age and the Mystery of the “Great Divergence”’. Journal of Interdisciplinary History 44(3): 369–77.Google Scholar
DiCicco, Jonathan M., and Levy, Jack S.. 2014. ‘The Power Transition Research Program’. In The Realism Reader, edited by Elman, Colin and Jenson, Michael, pp. 211–17. Routledge.Google Scholar
Di Cosmo, Nicola. 1999. ‘State Formation and Periodization in Inner Asian History’. Journal of World History 10(1): 1–40.Google Scholar
Di Cosmo, Nicola 2010. ‘Black Sea Emporia and the Mongol Empire: A Reassessment of the Pax Mongolica’. Journal of Economic and Social History of the Orient 53(1/2): 83–108.Google Scholar
Drompp, Michael. 2005. ‘Imperial State Formation in Inner Asia’. Acta Orientalia Academia Scientarium Hungary 58(1): 101–11.Google Scholar
Dunlop, Anne. 2015. ‘European Art and the Mongol Middle Ages: Two Exercises in Cultural Translation’. 美育学刊 Mei Yu Xue Kan (Journal of Aesthetic Education) 6(31): 1–10.Google Scholar
Dunlop, Anne 2018. ‘Artistic Contact between Italy and Mongol Eurasia: State of the Field’. EWHA SAHAK YEONGU 57: 1–36.Google Scholar
Eaton, Richard. 1993. ‘Islamic History as Global History’. In Islamic and European Expansion: The Forging of a Global Order, edited by Adas, Michael. Temple University Press.Google Scholar
Elias, Norbert, and Scotson, John L.. 1994 [1965]. The Established and the Outsiders. Sage.Google Scholar
Endicott-West, Elizabeth. 1994. ‘The Yüan Government and Society’. In The Cambridge History of China, Vol. 6, edited by Franke, Herbert and Twitchett, Dennis C., pp. 587–615. Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Erdmann, Karl D. 1987. Die Ökumene Der Historiker: Geschichte Der Internationalen Historikerkongresse Und Des Comité International Des Sciences Historiques. Ruprecht Gmbh & Company.Google Scholar
Fancy, Nahyan, and Green, Monica H.. 2021. ‘Plague and the Fall of Baghdad (1258)’. Medical History 65(2): 157–77.Google Scholar
Felek, Özgen. 2017. ‘Fears, Hopes, and Dreams: The Talismanic Shirts of Murad̄ III’. Arabica 64: 647‒72.Google Scholar
Fleischer, Cornell. 1986. Bureaucrat and Intellectual in the Ottoman Empire: The Historian Mustafa Ali (1541–1600). Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Fleischer, Cornell 1992. ‘The Lawgiver as Messiah: The Making of the Imperial Image in the Reign of Suleyman’. In Soliman le magnifique et son temps, Actes du Colloque de Paris. Galeries Nationales du Grand Palais, 7–10 Mars 1990, edited by Veinstein, Gilles, pp. 159–77. La Documentation Francaise.Google Scholar
Fleischer, Cornell 2008. Bureaucrat and Intellectual in the Ottoman Empire: The Historian Mustafa Ali (1541–1600). Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Fleischer, Cornell 2009. ‘Ancient Wisdom and New Sciences: Prophecies at the Ottoman Court in the Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth Centuries’. In Falnama: The Book of Omens, edited by Farhad, Masumed and Bağcı, Serpil, pp. 232–43, 329–30. Thames and Hudson Ltd.Google Scholar
Fleischer, Cornell 2018. ‘A Mediterranean Apocalypse: Prophecies of Empire in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries’. Journal of Economic and Social History of the Orient 61(1–2): 18–90.Google Scholar
Fletcher, Joseph. 1968. ‘China and Central Asia, 1368–1884’. In The Chinese World Order, edited by Fairbank, John K., pp. 206–24. Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Fletcher, Joseph 1979. ‘Turco-Mongolian Monarchic Tradition in the Ottoman Empire’. Harvard Ukrainian Studies 3/4: 236–51.Google Scholar
Fletcher, Joseph 1986. ‘The Mongols: Ecological and Social Perspectives’. Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 46(1): 11–50.Google Scholar
Frank, Andre Gunder. 1998. ReORIENT: Global Economy in the Asian Age. University of California Press.Google Scholar
Frank, Andre Gunder, and Gills, Barry K., eds. 1996. The World System: Five Hundred Years of Five Thousand? Routledge.Google Scholar
Franke, Herbert. 1951. ‘Some Sinological Remarks on Rašîd Ad-Dîn’s History of China’. Oriens 4(1): 21–6.Google Scholar
Franke, Herbert 1966. ‘Sino-Western Contacts under the Mongol Empire’. Journal of the Hong Kong Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society 6: 49–72.Google Scholar
Franke, Herbert 1990. ‘The Forest Peoples of Manchuria: Kitans and Jurchens’. In The Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia, edited by Sinor, Denis, pp. 400–23. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Frankopan, Peter. 2016. The Silk Roads: A New History of the World. Bloomsbury Paperbacks.Google Scholar
Geiss, James. 1988. ‘The Cheng-Te Reign, 1506–1521’. The Cambridge History of China 7: 403–39.Google Scholar
Go, Julian, and Lawson, George, eds. 2017. Global Historical Sociology. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Goddard, Stacie E. 2018. When Right Makes Might: Rising Powers and World Order. Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Goettlich, Kerry. 2019. ‘The Rise of Linear Borders in World Politics’. European Journal of International Relations 25(1): 203–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goffman, Erving. 1963. Stigma: Notes of the Management of Spoiled Identity. Prentice Hall.Google Scholar
Goh, Evelyn. 2008. ‘Power, Interest, and Identity: Reviving the Sinocentric Hierarchy in East Asia’. Asia Policy 6(1): 148–53.Google Scholar
Golden, Peter B. 2000. ‘“I Will Give the People unto Thee”: The Činggisid Conquests and Their Aftermath in the Turkic World’. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland 10(1): 21–41.Google Scholar
Goldstone, Jack A. 1987. ‘Cultural Orthodoxy, Risk, and Innovation: The Divergence of East and West in the Early Modern World’. Sociological Theory 5(2): 119–35.Google Scholar
Goldstone, Jack A. 1988. ‘East and West in the Seventeenth Century: Political Crises in Stuart England, Ottoman Turkey, and Ming China’. Comparative Studies in Society and History 30(1): 103–42.Google Scholar
Goldstone, Jack A. 1991. Revolution and Rebellion in the Early Modern World. University of California Press.Google Scholar
Goldstone, Jack A. 1998. ‘The Problem of the “Early Modern” World’. Journal of Economic and Social History of the Orient 41(3): 249–84.Google Scholar
Goldstone, Jack A. 2000. ‘The Rise of the West-Or Not? A Revision to Socio-Economic History’. Sociological Theory 18(2): 175–94.Google Scholar
Goldstone, Jack A. 2002. ‘Efflorescences and Economic Growth in World History: Rethinking the “Rise of the West” and the Industrial Revolution’.Journal of World History: Official Journal of the World History Association 13(2): 323–89.Google Scholar
Goldstone, Jack A. 2008. Why Europe? The Rise of the West in World History 1500–1850: Global Change in a Global Context, 1500–1900 A.D. 1st ed. McGraw-Hill Education.Google Scholar
Goldstone, Jack A. 2015. ‘Political Trajectories Compared’. In The Cambridge World History, edited by Bentley, Jerry H., Subrahmanyam, Sanjay and Wiesner-Hanks, Merry E., Vol. VI, pp. 447–89. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Gökalp, Ziya. 1973 [1923]. Türkçülüğün Esasları [Fundamentals of Turkism]. Varlık Yayınları.Google Scholar
Gresh, Geoffrey F. 2021. To Rule Eurasia’s Waves: The New Great Power Competition at Sea. Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Grew, Raymond. 1980. ‘The Case for Comparing Histories’. American Historical Review 85(4): 763–78.Google Scholar
Guy, John. 2018. ‘China in India: Porcelain Trade and Attitudes to Collecting in Early Islamic India’. In China and Southest Asia, edited by Wade, Geoff and Chin, James K., pp. 44–84. Routledge.Google Scholar
Hall, Martin. 2018. ‘Steppe State Making’. In De-Centering State Making, edited by Bartelson, Jens, Hall, Martin and Toerell, Jan, pp. 17–37. Edward Elgar.Google Scholar
Halperin, Charles J. 1974. ‘A Heretical View of Sixteenth-Century Muscovy Edward L. Keenan: The Kurbskii-Groznyi Apocrypha’. Jahrbucher Fur Geschichte Osteuropas 22(2): 161–86.Google Scholar
Halperin, Charles J. 1982a. ‘George Vernadsky, Eurasianism, the Mongols, and Russia’. Slavic Review 41(3): 477–93.Google Scholar
Halperin, Charles J. 1982b. ‘“Know Thy Enemy”: Medieval Russian Familiarity with the Mongols of the Golden Horde’. Jahrbucher Fur Geschichte Osteuropas 30(2): 161–75.Google Scholar
Halperin, Charles J. 1987. Russia and the Golden Horde: The Mongol Impact on Medieval Russian History. Indiana University Press.Google Scholar
Halperin, Charles J. 2000a. ‘The Kipchak Connection: The Ilkhans, the Mamluks and Ayn Jalut’. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 63(2): 229–45.Google Scholar
Halperin, Charles J. 2000b. ‘The Missing Golden Horde Chronicles and Historiography in the Mongol Empire’. Mongolian Studies 23: 1–15.Google Scholar
Halperin, Charles J. 2006. ‘Rus’, Russia and National Identity’. Canadian Slavonic Papers 48(1/2): 157–66.Google Scholar
Halperin, Charles J. 2019. Ivan the Terrible: Free to Reward and Free to Punish. University of Pittsburgh Press.Google Scholar
Hathaway, Jane. 2019. ‘Eunuchs and the State in the Mamlūk Sultanate and the Ottoman Empire: A Comparison’. In Ottoman War and Peace: Studies in Honor of Virginia H. Aksan, edited by Castiglione, Frank et al., pp. 315–26. Brill.Google Scholar
Hecker, Felicia. 1993. ‘A Fifteenth-Century Chinese Diplomat in Herat’. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland 3(1): 85–98.Google Scholar
Heiskanen, Jaakko. 2020. ‘The Ethnos of the Earth: Nationalism, Ethnicity, and International Order’. PhD thesis, University of Cambridge.Google Scholar
Hess, Andrew. 1973. ‘The Ottoman Conquest of Egypt (1517) and the Beginning of the Sixteenth-Century World War’. IJMES 4(1): 55–76.Google Scholar
Hobsbawm, Eric. 1954. ‘The General Crisis of the European Economy in the 17th Century’. Past & Present 5(1): 33–53.Google Scholar
Hobson, John M. 2004. The Eastern Origins of Western Civilisation. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Hobson, John M. 2009. ‘Provincializing Westphalia: The Eastern Origins of Sovereignty’. International Politics 46(6): 671–90.Google Scholar
Hobson, John M. John, M. 2012a. ‘The Other Side of the Westphalian Frontier’. In Seth, Sanjay, ed., Postcolonial Theory and International Relations, pp. 32–48. Taylor & Francis.Google Scholar
Hobson, John M. 2012b. The Eurocentric Conception of World Politics. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Hobson, John M. 2020. Multicultural Origins of the Global Economy’: Beyond the Western-Centric Frontier. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Hobson, John M., and Lawson, George. 2008. ‘What Is History in International Relations?’ Millennium 37(2): 415–35.Google Scholar
Hobson, John M., and Sharman, J. C.. 2005. ‘The Enduring Place of Hierarchy in World Politics: Tracing the Social Logics of Hierarchy and Political Change’. European Journal of International Relations 11(1): 63–98.Google Scholar
Hodgson, Marshall. 1977. The Venture of Islam 3: The Gunpowder Empires and Modern Times. University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Hodous, Florence. 2013. ‘The Quriltai as a Legal Institution in the Mongol Empire’. Central Asiatic Journal 56: 87–102.Google Scholar
Hope, Michael. 2016. Power, Politics, and Tradition in the Mongol Empire and the Ilkhanate of Iran. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Huang, Chin-Hao, and Kang, David C.. 2021. ‘State Formation in Korea and Japan, 400–800 CE: Emulation and Learning, Not Bellicist Competition’. International Organization. Published online first. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020818321000254.Google Scholar
Huang, Ray. 1982. 1587, A Year of No Significance: The Ming Dynasty in Decline. Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Hui, Victoria Tin-bor. 2005. War and State Formation in Ancient China and Early Modern Europe. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Hui, Victoria Tin-bor 2020. ‘Cultural Diversity and Coercive Cultural Homogenization in Chinese History’. In Culture and Order in World Politics, pp. 93–112. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
İnalcık, Halil. 1973. Ottoman Empire: The Classical Age, 1300–1600. Widenfeld & Nicolson.Google Scholar
İnalcık, Halil 1979. ‘The Khan and the Tribal Aristocracy: The Crimean Khanate under Sahib Giray I’. Harvard Ukrainian Studies 3/4: 445–66.Google Scholar
Irwin, Robert 2019. Ibn Khaldun: An Intellectual Biography. Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Itzkowitz Shifrinson, Joshua R. 2018. Rising Titans, Falling Giants: How Great Powers Exploit Power Shifts. Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Jackson, Peter. 1998. ‘Marco Polo and His “Travels”’. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 61(1): 82–101.Google Scholar
Jahn, Karl. 1970. ‘Rashid al-din and Chinese Culture’. Central Asiatic Journal 14(1/3): 134–47.Google Scholar
Jenkinson, Anthony. 1886. Early Voyages and Travels to Russia and Persia by Anthony Jenkinson and Other Englishmen: With Some Account of the First Intercourse of the English with Russia and Central Asia by Way of the Caspian Sea. Hakluyt Society.Google Scholar
Jordan, Carmel. 1987. ‘Soviet Archeology and the Setting of the “Squire’s Tale”’. Chaucer Review 22(2): 128–40.Google Scholar
Kafadar, Cemal. 1995. Between Two Worlds: The Construction of the Ottoman State. University of California Press.Google Scholar
Kafadar, Cemal 1997–8. ‘The Question of Ottoman Decline’. Harvard Middle Eastern and Islamic Decline 4 (1–2): 30–75.Google Scholar
Kafadar, Cemal 2019. ‘Between Amasya and Istanbul: Bayezid II, His Librarian, and the Textual Turn of the Late Fifteenth Century’. In Treasures of Knowledge: An Inventory of the Ottoman Palace Library (1502/3–1503/4), edited by Necipoğlu, Gülru, Kafadar, Cemal and Fleischer, Cornell H., pp. 79–153. Brill.Google Scholar
Kahin, George McTurnan. 1989. ‘Obituary: Owen Lattimore (1900–1989)’. Journal of Asian Studies 48(4): 945–6.Google Scholar
Kalpakian, Jack. 2008. ‘Ibn Khaldun’s Influence on Current International Relations Theory’. Journal of North African Studies 13(3): 363–76.Google Scholar
Kang, David C. 2003. ‘Hierarchy, Balancing, and Empirical Puzzles in Asian International Relations’. International Security 28(3): 165–80.Google Scholar
Kang, David C. 2010a. East Asia before the West: Five Centuries of Trade and Tribute. Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Kang, David C. 2010b. ‘Hierarchy and Legitimacy in International Systems: The Tribute System in Early Modern East Asia’. Security Studies 19(4): 591–622.Google Scholar
Kang, David C. 2020. ‘International Order in Historical East Asia: Tribute and Hierarchy beyond Sinocentrism and Eurocentrism’. International Organization 74: 65–93.Google Scholar
Kang, David C., and Ma, Xinru. 2018. ‘Power Transitions: Thucydides Didn’t Live in East Asia’. Washington Quarterly 41(1): 137–54.Google Scholar
Karateke, Hakan T. 2019. ‘The Peculiar Status of the Crimean Khans in Ottoman Protocol’. Journal of the Ottoman and Turkish Studies Association 6(1): 103–20.Google Scholar
Kauz, Ralph. 2015. ‘Michel Didier’s Chen Cheng (1365–1457), ambassadeur des premiers empereurs Ming: A Review Article, or Some Considerations of the Geographical Knowledge on the Silk Road during the Early Ming Dynasty’. Journal of South Asian Natural History 49(1–2): 253–66.Google Scholar
Kayaoğlu, Turan. 2010. ‘Westphalian Eurocentrism in International Relations Theory’. International Studies Review 12: 193–217.Google Scholar
Keene, Edward. 2002. Beyond the Anarchical Society: Grotius, Colonialism and Order in World Politics. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Kegley, Charles W., and Raymond, Gregory A.. 2020. Great Powers and World Order: Patterns and Prospects. 1st ed. Washington, DC: CQ Press.Google Scholar
Kennedy, Paul 1991. ‘On the “Natural Size” of Great Powers’. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 135(4): 485–89.Google Scholar
Khazanov, Anatoly M. 1993. ‘Muhammad and Jenghiz Khan Compared: The Religious Factor in World Empire Building’. Comparative Studies in Society and History 35(3): 461–79.Google Scholar
Kim, Woosang. 1991. ‘Alliance Transitions and Great Power War’. American Journal of Political Science 35(4): 833–50.Google Scholar
Kim, Woosang, and Gates, Scott. 2015. ‘Power Transition Theory and the Rise of China’. International Area Studies Review 18(3): 219–26.Google Scholar
Kobata, Atsushi. 1969. Chfisei Nisshi tsfikJ bhekishi no kenkyil [Studies on the History of Commercial Relations between Japan and China during the Medieval Period]. Doko shoin.Google Scholar
Koenigsberger, H. G., Moss, George L. and Bowler, G. Q.. 2014. Europe in the Sixteenth Century. Routledge.Google Scholar
Kolff, Dirk. 1990. Naukar, Rajput, and Sepoy: The Ethnohistory of the Military Labour Market in Hindustan, 1450–1850. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Kołodziejczyk, Dariusz. 2006. ‘Slave Hunting And Slave Redemption as a Business Enterprise: The Northern Black Sea Region in the Sixteenth to Seventeenth Centuries’. Oriente Moderno 25(86): 149–59.Google Scholar
Korhonen, Pekka. 1997. ‘Monopolizing Asia: The Politics of a Metaphor’. Pacific Review 10(3): 347–65.Google Scholar
Korhonen, Pekka 2008. ‘Common Culture: Asia Rhetoric in the Beginning of the 20th Century’. Inter-Asia Cultural Studies 9(3): 395–417.Google Scholar
Korhonen, Pekka 2014. ‘Leaving Asia? The Meaning of Datsu-A and Japan’s Modern History’. Asia-Pacific Journal 12(9): 1–18.Google Scholar
Korkut, Umut. 2017. ‘Resentment and Reorganization: Anti-Western Discourse and the Making of Eurasianism in Hungary’. Acta Slavica Iaponica 38: 71–90.Google Scholar
Krasner, Stephen D. 1996. ‘Compromising Westphalia’. International Security 20 (Winter): 115–51.Google Scholar
Krasner, Stephen D. 1999. Sovereignty: Organized Hypocrisy. Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Krasner, Stephen D. 2001. Rethinking the Sovereign State Model. Review of International Studies 27: 17–42.Google Scholar
Kroenig, Matthew. 2020. The Return of Great Power Rivalry: Democracy versus Autocracy from the Ancient World to the U.S. and China. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Krstić, Tijana. 2009. ‘Illuminated by the Light of Islam and the Glory of the Ottoman Sultanate: Self-Narratives of Conversion to Islam in the Age of Confessionalization’. Comparative Studies in Society and History 51(1): 35–63.Google Scholar
Krstić, Tijana 2011. Contested Conversions to Islam Narratives of Religious Change in the Early Modern Ottoman Empire. Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Krstić, Tijana 2013. ‘Contesting Subjecthood and Sovereignty in Ottoman Galata in the Age of Confessionalization: The Carazo Affair, 1613–1617’. Oriente Moderno 93(2): 422–53.Google Scholar
Krstić, Tijana, and Terzioğlu, Derin. 2020. Historicizing Sunni Islam in the Ottoman Empire, C. 1450–C. 1750. Brill.Google Scholar
Kumar, Krishan. 2014. ‘The Return of Civilization – and of Arnold Toynbee?’ Comparative Studies in Society and History 56(4): 815–43.Google Scholar
Lake, David. 2006. ‘American Hegemony and the Future of East–West Relations’. International Studies Perspectives 7: 23–30.Google Scholar
Lake, David 2013. ‘Great Power Hierarchies and Strategies in Twenty-First Century World Politics’. In Handbook of International Relations, edited by Carlsnaes, Walter, Risse, Thomas and Simmons, Beth, pp. 555–78. Sage.Google Scholar
Landau, Jacob M. 2004. Exploring Ottoman and Turkish History. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers.Google Scholar
Lane, George. 2012. ‘Mongol News: The Akhbār-I Moghulān Dar Anbāneh Qutb by Quṭb Al-Dīn Maḥmūd Ibn Mas’ūd Shīrāzī’. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland 22(3/4): 541–59.Google Scholar
Lane, George 2014. ‘Persian Notables and the Families Who Underpinned the Ilkhanate’. In Nomads as Agents of Cultural Change: The Mongols and Their Eurasian Predecessors, edited by Amitai, Reuven and Biran, Michal, pp. 182–213. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Lang, Michael. 2011. ‘Globalization and Global History in Toynbee’. Journal of World History 22(4): 747–83.Google Scholar
Laruelle, Marlene. 2016. ‘The Notion of Eurasia: A Spatial, Historical, and Political Construct’. In Questioning Post-Soviet, edited by Holland, Edward and Derrick, Matthew, pp. 127–42. Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars.Google Scholar
Laszlovszky, József, Pow, Stephen, Romhányi, Beatrix F., Ferenczi, László and Pinke, Zsolt. 2018. ‘Contextualizing the Mongol Invasion of Hungary in 1241–42: Short- and Long-Term Perspectives’. Hungarian Historical Review 7(3): 419–50.Google Scholar
Lattimore, Owen 1962. Studies in Frontier History: Collected Papers, 1928–1958. Mouton.Google Scholar
Lawson, George. 2012. ‘The Eternal Divide? History and International Relations’. European Journal of International Relations 18(2): 203–26.Google Scholar
Lawson, George, and Shilliam, Robbie. 2009. ‘Beyond Hypocrisy? Debating the “Fact” and “Value” of Sovereignty in Contemporary World Politics’. International Politics 46(6): 657–70.Google Scholar
Lebow, Richard Ned, and Valentino, Benjamin. 2009. ‘Lost in Transition: A Critical Analysis of Power Transition Theory’. International Relations 23(3): 389–410.Google Scholar
Lee, Joo-Yup. 2016. ‘The Historical Meaning of the Term Turk and the Nature of the Turkic Identity of the Chinggisid and Timurid Elites in Post-Mongol Central Asia’. Central Asiatic Journal 59(1–2): 101–32.Google Scholar
Leigh, Joseph. 2019. ‘The Emergence of Global Power Politics: Imperialism, Modernity, and American Expansion 1870–1914’. PhD Thesis, London School of Economics.Google Scholar
Lemke, Douglas. 1997. ‘The Continuation of History: Power Transition Theory and the End of the Cold War’. Journal of Peace Research 34(1): 23–36.Google Scholar
Lemke, Douglas, and Reed, William. 1996. ‘Regime Types and Status Quo Evaluations: Power Transition Theory and the Democratic Peace’. International Interactions 22(2): 143–64.Google Scholar
Lemke, Douglas, and Tammen, Ronald L.. 2003. ‘Power Transition Theory and the Rise of China’. International Interactions 29(4): 269–71.Google Scholar
Lentz, Thomas W., and Lowry, Glenn D., eds. 1989. Timur and the Princely Vision. Smithsonian Books.Google Scholar
Lepenies, Wolf. 2003. Entangled Histories and Negotiated Universals: Centers and Peripheries in a Changing World. Campus Verlag.Google Scholar
Levy, Jack S. 1983. War in the Modern Great Power System: 1495–1975. University Press of Kentucky.Google Scholar
Lewis, Bernard. 1962. ‘Ottoman Observers Of Ottoman Decline’. Islamic Studies 1(1): 71–87.Google Scholar
Lewis, Bernard 1968. ‘The Mongols, the Turks and the Muslim Polity’. Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 18: 49–68.Google Scholar
Lindner, Kolja. 2010. ‘Marx’s Eurocentrism: Postcolonial Studies and Marx Scholarship’. Radical Philosophy 161: 27–41.Google Scholar
Lopez, Robert, Miskimin, Harry, and Udovitch, Abraham. 1970. ‘England to Egypt, 1350–1500: Long-Term Trends and Long-Distance Trade’. In Studies in the Economic History of the Middle East from the Rise of Islam to the Present Day, edited by Cook, M. A., pp. 93–128. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Lotz-Heumann, Ute. 2001. ‘The Concept of “Confessionalization”: A Historiographical Paradigm in Dispute’. Memoria Y Civilización 4: 93–114.Google Scholar
MacDonald, Paul K., and Parent, Joseph M.. 2018a. ‘The Road to Recovery: How Once Great Powers Became Great Again’. Washington Quarterly 41(3): 21–39.Google Scholar
MacDonald, Paul K., and Parent, Joseph M. 2018b. Twilight of the Titans: Great Power Decline and Retrenchment. Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Mack, Rosamond. 2001. Bazaar to Piazza: Islamic Trade and Italian Art, 1300–1600. University of California Press.Google Scholar
MacKay, Joseph. 2016. ‘The Nomadic Other: Ontological Security and the Inner Asian Steppe in Historical East Asian International Politics’. Review of International Studies 42(3): 471–91.Google Scholar
MacKay, Joseph 2018. ‘Rethinking Hierarchies in East Asian Historical IR’. Journal of Global Security Studies 4(4): 598–611.Google Scholar
MacKay, Joseph, Levin, Jamie, Gustavo, de Carvalho, Cavoukian, Kristin and Cuthbert, Ross. 2014. ‘Before and after Borders: The Nomadic Challenge to Sovereign Territoriality’. International Political Science Review 51(1): 101–23.Google Scholar
Malcolm, Noel. 2015. Agents of Empire: Knights, Corsairs, Jesuits and Spies in the Sixteenth-Century Mediterranean World. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Malcolm, Noel 2019. Useful Enemies: Islam and the Ottoman Empire in Western Political Thought, 1450–1750. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Manz, Beatrice F. 1988. ‘Tamerlane and the Symbolism of Sovereignty’. Iranian Studies (1–2): 105–22.Google Scholar
Manz, Beatrice F. 1998. ‘Temür and the Problem of a Conqueror’s Legacy’. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland 8(1): 21–41.Google Scholar
Masuya, Kadoi. 2017. ‘Chinese and TurkoMongol Elements in Ilkhanid and Timurid Arts’. In A Companion to Islamic Art and Architecture, edited by Flood, Finbarr Barry and Necipoğlu, Gülru, pp. 636–67. John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Matin, Kamran. 2007. ‘Uneven and Combined Development in World History: The International Relations of State-Formation in Premodern Iran’. European Journal of International Relations 13(3): 419–47.Google Scholar
Matthee, Rudi. 2015. ‘The Decline of Safavid Iran in Comparative Perspective’. Journal of Persianate Studies 8: 276–308.Google Scholar
Matthee, Rudi 2010. ‘Was Safavid Iran an Empire?’ Journal of Economic and Social History of the Orient 53 (1/2): 233–65.Google Scholar
Matthews, John A., and Briffa, Keith R.. 2005. ‘The ‘little Ice Age’: Re‐evaluation of an Evolving Concept’. Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography 87(1): 17–36.Google Scholar
May, Timothy. 2006. ‘The Training of an Inner Asian Nomad Army in the Pre-Modern Period’. Journal of Military History 70(3): 617–35.Google Scholar
May, Timothy 2016. ‘Color Symbolism in the Turko-Mongolian World’. In The Use of Color in History, Politics, and Art, edited by Kim, Sungshin, pp. 51–77. University Press of North Georgia.Google Scholar
McNeill, William. 1988. ‘Toynbee Revisited’. Bulletin of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 41(7): 13–27.Google Scholar
Mearsheimer, John 2010. ‘The Gathering Storm: China’s Challenge to US Power in Asia’. Chinese Journal of International Politics 3(4): 381–96.Google Scholar
Mearsheimer, John 2014. The Tragedy of Great Power Politics. Updated edition. W. W. Norton & Company.Google Scholar
Meisner, Maurice. 1963. ‘The Despotism of Concepts: Wittfogel and Marx on China’. China Quarterly 16: 99–111.Google Scholar
Meisner, Maurice 1965. ‘Li Ta-Chao and the Chinese Communist Treatment of the Materialist Conception of History’. China Quarterly 24: 141–69.Google Scholar
Melvin-Koushki, Matthew. 2016. ‘Astrology, Lettrism, Geomancy: The Occult-Scientific Methods of Post-Mongol Islamicate Imperialism’. Medieval History Journal 19(1): 142–50.Google Scholar
Melvin-Koushki, Matthew 2018a. ‘Early Modern Islamicate Empire: New Forms of Religiopolitical Legitimacy’. In The Wiley Blackwell History of Islam, edited by Salvatore, A., Tottoli, R., Rahimi, B., Fariduddin Attar, M. and Patel, N.., pp. 353–75. John Wiley & Sons Ltd.Google Scholar
Melvin-Koushki, Matthew 2018b. ‘Persianate Geomancy from Ṭūsī to the Millennium’. In Occult Sciences in Premodern Islamic Culture, edited by El-Bizri, N. and Orthmann, E., pp. 151–99. Orient-Institut Beirut.Google Scholar
Melvin-Koushki, Matthew 2018c. ‘Taḥqīq vs. Taqlīd in the Renaissances of Western Early Modernity’. Philological Encounters 3(1–2): 193–249.Google Scholar
Melvin-Koushki, Matthew 2019a. ‘The Occult Sciences in Safavid Iran’. In Empires of the Near East and India, edited by Khafipour, H., pp. 348–65. Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Melvin-Koushki, Matthew 2019b. ‘How to Rule the World: Occult-Scientific Manuals of the Early Modern Persian Cosmopolis’. Journal of Persianate Studies 11(2): 140–54.Google Scholar
Merand, Frederic, ed. 2020. Coping with Geopolitical Decline. McGill University Press.Google Scholar
Millward, James A. 2020. ‘Qing and Twentieth-Century Chinese Diversity Regimes’. In Culture and Order in World Politics, edited by Phillips, Andrew and Reus-Smit, Christian, pp. 71–92. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Milwright, Marcus, and Baboula, Evanthia. 2011. ‘Bayezid’s Cage: A Re-Examination of a Venerable Academic Controversy’. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland 21(3): 239–60.Google Scholar
Miyawaki-Okada, Junko. 2006. ‘The Japanese Origin of the Chinggis Khan Legends’. Inner Asia 8(1): 123–34.Google Scholar
Morgan, David O. 1982. ‘Who Ran the Mongol Empire?’ Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland 1: 124–36.Google Scholar
Morgan, David O. 1986 ‘The “Great ‘Yāsā’ of Chingiz Khān” and Mongol Law in the Īlkhānate’. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 49(1): 163–76.Google Scholar
Morgan, David O. 2001. ‘Ibn Baṭṭūṭa and the Mongols’. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland 11(1): 1–11.Google Scholar
Morgan, David O. 2009. ‘The Decline and Fall of the Mongol Empire’. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland 19(4): 427–37.Google Scholar
Morgan, David O. 2014. ‘Mongol Historiography since 1985: The Rise of Cultural History’. In Nomads as Agents of Cultural Change: The Mongols and Their Eurasian Predecessors, edited by Amitai, Reuven and Biran, Michal., pp. 271–82. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Mote, Frederick W., and Twitchett, Denis, eds. 1988. The Cambridge History of China: Volume 7, The Ming Dynasty, 1368–1644, Part 1. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Munkh-Erdene, Lhamsuren. 2011. ‘Where Did the Mongol Empire Come From? Medieval Mongol Ideas of People, State and Empire’. Inner Asia 13(2): 211–37.Google Scholar
Musgrave, Paul, and Nexon, Daniel H.. 2018. ‘Defending Hierarchy from the Moon to the Indian Ocean: Symbolic Capital and Political Dominance in Early Modern China and the Cold War’. International Organization 72(3): 591–626.Google Scholar
Necipoğlu, Gülru. 1989. ‘Süleyman the Magnificent and the Representation of Power in the Context of Ottoman-Hapsburg-Papal Rivalry’. Art Bulletin 71(3): 401–27.Google Scholar
Necipoğlu, Gülru 1990. ‘From International Timurid to Ottoman: A Change of Taste in Sixteenth-Century Ceramic Tiles’. Muqarnas 7: 136–70.Google Scholar
Neumann, Iver. 2014. ‘Europeans and the Steppe: Russian Lands under the Mongol Rule’. In International Orders in the Early Modern World: Before the Rise of the West, edited by Suzuki, Shogo, Zhang, Yongjin and Quirk, Joel, pp. 12–33. Routledge.Google Scholar
Neumann, Iver B., and Wigen, Einar. 2013. ‘The Importance of the Eurasian Steppe to the Study of International Relations’. Journal of International Relations and Development 16(3): 311–30.Google Scholar
Neumann, Iver B., and Wigen, Einar 2015. ‘Remnants of the Mongol Imperial Tradition’. In Legacies of Empire: Imperial Roots of the Contemporary Global Order, edited by Halperin, Sandra, pp. 99–127. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Neumann, Iver B., and Wigen, Einar 2018. The Steppe Tradition in International Relations: Russians, Turks and European State-Building 4000 BCE–2018 CE. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Nexon, Daniel H. 2009. The Struggle for Power in Early Modern Europe: Religious Conflict, Dynastic Empires, and International. Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Nye, Joseph. 2010. ‘The Future of American Power: Dominance and Decline in Perspective’. Foreign Affairs 89(6): 2–12.Google Scholar
Ogilvie, Sheilagh. 1992. ‘Germany and the Seventeenth-Century Crisis’. Historical Journal 35(2): 417–41.Google Scholar
O’Kane, Bernard. 2017. ‘Architecture and Court Cultures of the Fourteenth Century’. In A Companion to Islamic Art and Architecture, edited by Flood, Finbarr Barry and Necipoğlu, Gülru, pp. 585–615. John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Organski, A. F. K., and Kugler, Jacek. 1981. The War Ledger. University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Orlovsky, Daniel. 1989. ‘Selling American Anxiety: The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers’. Southwest Review 74(1): 110–21.Google Scholar
Osiander, Andreas. 2001. ‘Sovereignty, International Relations and the Westphalian Myth’. International Organization 55(2): 251–87.Google Scholar
Ostrowski, Donald. 1990. ‘The Mongol Origins of Muscovite Political Institutions’. Slavic Review 49(4): 525–42.Google Scholar
Ostrowski, Donald 1992. ‘The Military Land Grant Along the Muslim Christian Frontier’. Russian History/Histoire Russe 19(1–4): 327–59.Google Scholar
Ostrowski, Donald 1998. ‘The “Tamma” and the Dual-Administrative Structure of the Mongol Empire’. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 61(2): 262–77.Google Scholar
Ostrowski, Donald 2002. ‘Troop Mobilization by the Muscovite Grand Princes (1313–1533)’. In The Military and Society in Russia, 1450–1917, edited by Lohr, Eric and Poe, Marshall, pp. 25–38. Brill.Google Scholar
Ostrowski, Donald 2012. ‘Systems of Succession in Rus’ and Steppe Societies’. Ruthenica XI: 29–58.Google Scholar
Özel, Oktay. 2016. The Collapse of Rural Order in Ottoman Anatolia: Amasya 1576–1643. Brill.Google Scholar
Pamuk, Şevket. 2007. ‘The Black Death and the Origins of the ‘Great Divergence’ across Europe, 1300–1600’. European Review of Economic History 11(3): 289–317.Google Scholar
Pancaroğlu, Oya. 2013. ‘Devotion, Hospitality and Architecture in Medieval Anatolia’. Studia Islamica 108(1): 48–81.Google Scholar
Pardesi, Manjeet S. 2017. ‘Region, System, and Order: The Mughal Empire in Islamicate Asia’. Security Studies 26(2): 249–78.Google Scholar
Pardesi, Manjeet S. 2019. ‘Mughal Hegemony and the Emergence of South Asia as a ‘Region’ for Regional Order-Building’. European Journal of International Relations 25(1): 276–301.Google Scholar
Park, Seo-Hyun. 2017. Sovereignty and Status in East Asian International Relations. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Parker, Geoffrey. 2013. Global Crisis: War, Climate Change and Catastrophe in the Seventeenth Century. Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Parker, Geoffrey, and Smith, Lesley M.. 1978. The General Crisis of the Seventeenth Century. 1st ed. Routledge & Kegan Paul.Google Scholar
Parker, Geoffrey, and Smith, Lesley M., eds. 1997. The General Crisis of the Seventeenth Century. Routledge.Google Scholar
Peacock, Andrew. 2019. Islam, Literature and Society in Mongol Anatolia. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Pearson, M. N. 1976. ‘Shivaji and the Decline of the Mughal Empire’. Journal of Asian Studies 35(2): 221–35.Google Scholar
Pederson, Neil, Hessi, Amy E., Baatarbileg, Nachin, Anchukaitis, Kevin J. and Di Cosmo, Nicola. 2014. ‘Pluvials, Droughts, the Mongol Empire, and Modern Mongolia’. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 111(12): 4375–9.Google Scholar
Peng, Xinwei. 1965. Zhongguo huobi shi [A History of Chinese Currency]. 3rd ed. Renmin chuban she.Google Scholar
Phillips, Andrew. 2016. ‘International Systems’. In The Globalization of International Society, edited by Reus-Smit, Christian and Dunne, Tim, pp. 43–62. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Phillips, Andrew. 2021. How the East Was Won: Barbarian Conquerors, Universal Conquest and the Making of Modern Asia. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Phillips, Andrew, and Reus-Smit, Chris, eds. 2020. Culture and Order in World Politics. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Phillips, Andrew, and Sharman, J. C.. 2015. International Order in Diversity. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Philpott, Daniel. 2001. Revolutions in Sovereignty: How Ideas Shaped Modern International Relations. Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Pijl, Kees van der. 2007. Nomads, Empires, States: Modes of Foreign Relations and Political Economy. Pluto Press.Google Scholar
Pinke, Zsolt, Ferenczi, Laszlo, Romhanyi, Beatrix F., Jozsef, Laszlovszky and Pow, Stephen. 2017. ‘Climate of Doubt: A Re-Evaluation of Büntgen and Di Cosmo’s Environmental Hypothesis for the Mongol Withdrawal from Hungary, 1242 CE’. Scientific Reports 7(1): 1–6.Google Scholar
Pollock, Sheldon. 2005. ‘Empire and Imitation’. In Lessons of Empire: Imperial Histories and American Power, edited by Calhoun, Craig, Cooper, Frederick, and Moore, Kevin W., pp. 175–88. The New Press.Google Scholar
Polo, Marco. 1948. The Travels of Marco Polo the Venetian, edited by Wright, Thomas, translated by William Marsden. International Collectors Library.Google Scholar
Pomeranz, Kenneth. 2001. The Great Divergence: China, Europe, and the Making of the Modern World Economy. Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Prazniak, Roxann. 2010. ‘Siena on the Silk Roads: Ambrogio Lorenzetti and the Mongol Global Century, 1250–1350’. Journal of World History 21(2): 177–217.Google Scholar
Putnam, Aaron E., Putnam, David E., Andreu-Hayles, Laia, Cook, Edward R., Palmer, Jonathan G., Clark, Elizabeth H., Wang, Chunzeng, Chen, Feng, Denton, George H., Boyle, Douglas P., Bassett, Scott D., Birkel, Sean D., Martin-Fernandez, Javier, Hajdas, Irka, Southon, John, Garner, Christopher B., Cheng, Hai and Broecker, Wallace S.. 2016. ‘Little Ice Age Wetting of Interior Asian Deserts and the Rise of the Mongol Empire’. Quaternary Science Reviews 131: 33–50.Google Scholar
Quinn, Sholeh. 1996. ‘The Dreams of Shaykh Safi Al-Din and Safavid Historical Writing’. Iranian Studies 29(1/2): 127–47.Google Scholar
Raphael, Kate. 2009. ‘Mongol Siege Warfare on the Banks of the Euphrates and the Question of Gunpowder (1260–1312)’. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland 19(3): 355–70.Google Scholar
Reid, Anthony. 1978. ‘The Crisis of the Seventeenth Century in Southeast Asia’. In The General Crisis of the Seventeenth Century, edited by Parkey, Geoffrey and Smith, Lesley M., pp. 207–35. Routledge & Kegan Paul.Google Scholar
Reus-Smit, Christian. 1999. The Moral Purpose of the State. Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Robinson, David M. 2012. ‘Mongolian Migration and the Ming’s Place in Eurasia’. Journal of Central Eurasian Studies 3: 109–29.Google Scholar
Robinson, David M. 2020. Culture, Courtiers, and Competition: The Ming Court (1368–1644). Brill.Google Scholar
Robinson, Francis. 1997. ‘Ottomans-Safavids-Mughals: Shared Knowledge And Connective Systems’. Journal of Islamic Studies 8(2): 151–84.Google Scholar
Rogers, J. Daniel. 2012. ‘Inner Asian States and Empires: Theories and Synthesis’. Journal of Archaeological Research 20(3): 205–56.Google Scholar
Rong, Xinjiang. 2015. ‘Reality or Tale? Marco Polo’s Description of Khotan’. Journal of South Asian Natural History 49(1–2): 161–74.Google Scholar
Rosenboim, Or. 2014. ‘Geopolitics and Global Democracy in Owen Lattimore’s Political Thought’. International History Review 36(4): 745–66.Google Scholar
Rossabi, Morris. 1975. China and Inner Asia: From 1368 to the Present Day. Thames and Hudson.Google Scholar
Rossabi, Morris 1983. ‘A Translation of Ch’en Ch’eng’s Hsi-yii fan-kuo chih’. Ming Studies 17: 49–59.Google Scholar
Rossabi, Morris 1987. Khubilai Khan: His Life and Times. 1st ed. University of California Press.Google Scholar
Rossabi, Morris 1988. Kubilai Khan: His Life and Times. University of California Press.Google Scholar
Rossabi, Morris 1998. ‘The Ming and Inner Asia’. In The Cambridge History of China, Vol. 8: The Ming Dynasty, Part 2: 1368–1644, edited by Twitchett, Dennis and Mote, Frederick, pp. 221–71. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Rossabi, Morris 2014a. ‘Ming China and Turfan, 1406–1517’. In From Yuan to Modern China and Mongolia: The Writings of Morris Rossabi, pp. 39–58. Brill.Google Scholar
Rossabi, Morris 2014b. ‘The ‘Decline’ of the Central Asian Caravan Trade’. In From Yuan to Modern China and Mongolia: The Writings of Morris Rossabi, pp. 201–20. Brill.Google Scholar
Rossabi, Morris 2014c. ‘The Mongol Empire and Its Impact on the Arts of China’. In Nomads as Agents of Cultural Change: The Mongols and Their Eurasian Predecessors, edited by Amitai, Reuven and Biran, Michal, pp. 214–27. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Rossabi, Morris 2014d. ‘The Tea and Horse Trade with Inner Asia during the Ming’, In From Yuan to Modern China and Mongolia: The Writings of Morris Rossabi, pp. 59–88. Brill.Google Scholar
Rothman, Natalie. 2014. Brokering Empire: Trans-Imperial Subjects between Venice and Istanbul. Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Rothman, Natalie 2021. The Dragoman Renaissance: Diplomatic Interpreters and the Routes of Orientalism. Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Rowe, William T. 2007. ‘Owen Lattimore, Asia, and Comparative History’. Journal of Asian Studies 66(3): 759–86.Google Scholar
Ruggie, John G. 1983. ‘Continuity and Transformation in the World Polity: Toward a Neorealist Synthesis’. World Politics 35(2): 261–85.Google Scholar
Ryan, William F. 2012. ‘Ivan the Terrible’s Malady and Its Magical Cure’. Incantatio 2(1): 23–32.Google Scholar
Sachsenmaier, Dominic. 2006. ‘Global History and Critiques of Western Perspectives’. Comparative Education Review 42(3): 451–70.Google Scholar
Şahin, Kaya. 2013. Empire and Power in the Reign of Süleyman: Narrating the Sixteenth-Century Ottoman World. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Saito, Shohei. 2017. ‘Crossing Perspectives in “Manchukuo” Russian Eurasianism and Japanese Pan-Asianism’. Jahrbucher Fur Geschichte Osteuropas 65(4): 597–623.Google Scholar
Saliba, George. 1995. A History of Arabic Astronomy: Planetary Theories during the Golden Age of Islam. New York University Press.Google Scholar
Sawma, Rabban. 2014. The Monks of Kublai Khan Emperor of China, edited and translated by Budge, E. A. Wallis. I. B. Tauris.Google Scholar
Schamiloglu, Uli. 2004. ‘The Rise of the Ottoman Empire: The Black Death in Medieval Anatolia and Its Impact on Turkish Civilization’. In Views from the Edge: Essays in Honour of Richard W. Bulliet, edited by Yavari, Neguin, Potter, Lawrence G. and Oppenheim, Jean-Marc, pp. 255–79. Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Schamiloglu, Uli. 2017a. ‘The Impact of the Black Death on the Golden Horde: Politics, Economy, Society, Civilization’. Golden Horde Review 5(2): 325–43.Google Scholar
Schamiloglu, Uli. 2017b. ‘Black Death and Its Consequences’. In The History of the Tatars since Ancient Times in Seven Volumes: The Ulus of Jochi (Golden Horde): 13th Century–Mid-15th Century, Vol. 3, pp. 714–19. Academy Sciences of Tatarstan.Google Scholar
Schilling, H. 2001. ‘Reformation and Confessionalization’. In International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences, edited by Smelser, Neil J. and Baltes, Paul B., pp. 12891–5. Elsevier.Google Scholar
Schmid, Boris V., Büntgen, Ulf, Easterday, W. Ryan, Ginzler, Christian, Walløe, Lars, Bramanti, Barbara and Stenseth, Nils Chr. 2015. ‘Climate-Driven Introduction of the Black Death and Successive Plague Reintroductions into Europe’. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 112(10): 3020–5.Google Scholar
Schmidt, Sebastian. 2011. ‘To Order the Minds of Scholars: The Discourse of the Peace of Westphalia in International Relations Literature’. International Studies Quarterly 55: 601–23.Google Scholar
Schweller, Randall, and Pu, Xiaoyu. 2011. ‘After Unipolarity: China’s Visions of International Order in an Era of U.S. Decline’. International Security 36(1): 41–72.Google Scholar
Sen, Tansen. 2014. ‘Maritime Southeast Asia between South Asia and China to the Sixteenth Century’. TRaNS: Trans-Regional and -National Studies of Southeast Asia 2(1): 31–59.Google Scholar
Sewell, William H. 1967. ‘Marc Bloch and the Logic of Comparative History’. History and Theory 6(2): 208–18.Google Scholar
Sharman, J. C. 2019. Empires of the Weak: The Real Story of European Expansion and the Creation of the New World Order. Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Sharman, J. C., and Phillips, Andrew. 2020. Outsourcing Empire: How Company-States Made the Modern World. Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Shim, Hosung. 2014. ‘The Postal Roads of the Great Khans in Central Asia under the Mongol-Yuan Empire’. Journal of Song-Yuan Studies 44: 405–69.Google Scholar
Sivasundaram, Sujit. 2020. Waves across the South: A New History of Revolution and Empire. William Collins.Google Scholar
Skinner, Quentin. 2008. ‘A Genealogy of the Modern State’. Proceedings of the British Academy 162: 325–70.Google Scholar
Slavin, Philip. 2012. ‘The Great Bovine Pestilence and Its Economic and Environmental Consequences in England and Wales, 1318–501’. Economic History Review 65(4): 1239–66.Google Scholar
Smith, Neil. 1987. ‘Essay Review: Rehabilitating A Renegade? The Geography And Politics Of Karl August Wittfogel’. Dialectical Anthropology 12(1): 127–36.Google Scholar
Sood, Gagan. 2011. ‘An Islamicate Eurasia: Vernacular Perspectives on the Early Modern World’. In Is There a Middle East? The Evolution of a Geopolitical Concept, edited by Bonine, Michael E., Amanat, Abbas and Gasper, Michael, pp. 154–69. Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Sophoulis, Panos. 2015. ‘The Mongol Invasion of Croatia and Serb’. Fragmenta Hellenoslavica 2: 251–78.Google Scholar
Spruyt, Hendrik. 2020. The World Imagined: Collective Beliefs and Political Order in the Sinocentric, Islamic and Southeast Asian International Societies. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Stanziani, Alessandro. 2014. ‘Slavery and Bondage in Central Asia and Russia from the Fourteenth to the Nineteenth Century’. In Bondage, pp. 63–100. Berghahn Books.Google Scholar
Starr, Frederick S. 2013. Lost Enlightenment: Central Asia’s Golden Age from the Arab Conquest to Tamerlane. Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Steensgaard, Niels. 1975. Asian Trade Revolution of the Seventeenth Century: East India Companies and the Decline of the Caravan Trade. University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Steensgaard, Niels 1978. ‘The Seventeenth-Century Crisis’. In The General Crisis of the Seventeenth Century, edited by Parkey, Geoffrey and Smith, Lesley M., pp. 32–56. Routledge & Kegan Paul.Google Scholar
Steensgaard, Niels 1990. ‘The Seventeenth-Century Crisis and the Unity of Eurasian History’. Modern Asian Studies 24(4): 683–97.Google Scholar
Stoddard, T. Lothrop. 1917. ‘Pan-Turanism’. American Political Science Review 11(1): 12–23.Google Scholar
Subrahmanyam, Sanjay. 1997. ‘Connected Histories: Notes towards a Reconfiguration of Early Modern Eurasia’. Modern Asian Studies 31(3): 735–62.Google Scholar
Subrahmanyam, Sanjay 2000. ‘Un Grand Dérangement: Dreaming An Indo-Persian Empire In South Asia, 1740–1800’. Journal of Early Modern History 4(3–4): 337–78.Google Scholar
Subrahmanyam, Sanjay 2005a. Explorations in Connected History (Mughals and Franks). Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Subrahmanyam, Sanjay 2005b. ‘On World Historians in the Sixteenth Century’. Representations 91(1): 26–57.Google Scholar
Subrahmanyam, Sanjay 2006. ‘A Tale of Three Empires: Mughals, Ottomans, and Habsburgs in a Comparative Context’. Common Knowledge 12(1): 66–92.Google Scholar
Tammen, Ronald. 2008. ‘The Organski Legacy: A Fifty-Year Research Program’. International Interactions 34(4): 314–32.Google Scholar
Tanaka, Takeo. 1977. ‘Japan’s Relations with Overseas Countries’. In Japan in the Muromachi Age, edited by Hall, John W. and Takeshi, Toyoda, pp. 159–78. University of California Press.Google Scholar
Teschke, Benno. 2003. The Myth of 1648: Class, Geopolitics, and the Making of Modern International Relations. Verso.Google Scholar
Tezcan, Baki. 2009. ‘Lost in Historiography: An Essay on the Reasons for the Absence of a History of Limited Government in the Early Modern Ottoman Empire’. Middle Eastern Studies 45(3): 477–505.Google Scholar
Thackston, W. M., Jr. 2007. The Baburnama: Memoirs of Babur, Prince and Emperor. Modern Library.Google Scholar
Tilly, Charles. 1993. Coercion, Capital, and European States, A.D. 990–1990. 1st ed. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell.Google Scholar
Todorov, Tzvetan. 1999. The Conquest of America: The Question of the Other. University of Oklahoma Press.Google Scholar
Tokluoğlu, Ceylan. 2012. ‘Ziya Gökalp: From Turanism To Turkism’. Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi Dergisi 28(84): 103–42.Google Scholar
Topal, Alp Eren. 2017. ‘Against Influence: Ziya Gökalp in Context and Tradition’. Journal of Islamic Studies 28(3): 283–310.Google Scholar
Toynbee, Arnold. 1922. The Western Question in Greece and Turkey: a Study in the Contact of Civilisations. Constable And Company Ltd.Google Scholar
Toynbee, Arnold 1957. A Study of History: Abridgement of Volumes I–VI, edited by Somervell, David Churchill. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Trevor-Roper, Hugh. 2001. The Crisis of the Seventeenth Century: Religion, the Reformation and Social Change. Liberty Fund.Google Scholar
Truschke, Audrey. 2016. ‘Translating the Solar Cosmology of Sacred Kingship’. Medieval History Journal 19(1): 136–41.Google Scholar
Truschke, Audrey 2017. Aurangzeb: The Life and Legacy of India’s Most Controversial King. Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Tuchman, Barbara. 2011. A Distant Mirror: The Calamitous 14th Century. Reissue edition. Random House.Google Scholar
Twitchett, Denis C., and Mote, Frederick W.. 1998. The Cambridge History of China: Volume 8, The Ming Dynasty, Part 2, 1368–1644. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Valensi, Lucette. 1993. The Birth of the Despot: Venice and the Sublime Porte. Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Varlık, Nükhet. 2017. Plague and Contagion in the Islamic Mediterranean. Arc Humanities Press.Google Scholar
Vásáry, István. 2014. ‘The Tatar Factor in the Formation of Muscovy’s Political Culture’. In Nomads as Agents of Cultural Change: The Mongols and Their Eurasian Predecessors, edited by Amitai, Reuven and Biran, Michal, pp. 252–70. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Vries, Peer. 2010. ‘The California School and beyond: How to Study the Great Divergence?’ History Compass 8(7): 730–51.Google Scholar
Wakeman, Frederic E. 1985. The Great Enterprise: The Manchu Reconstruction of Imperial Order in Seventeenth-Century China. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Wang, Gung-Wu 1992. Community and Nation: China, Southeast Asia, and Australia. Allen and Unwin.Google Scholar
Wang, Yuan-Kang. 2012. ‘Managing Regional Hegemony in Historical Asia: The Case of Early Ming China’. Chinese Journal of International Politics 5(2): 129–53.Google Scholar
Watanabe, H. 1975. An Index of Embassies and Tribute Missions from Islamic Countries to Ming China (1368–1466) as Recorded in the Ming Shih-lu Classified According to Geographic Area. Toyo Bunko.Google Scholar
Weatherford, Jack. 2004. Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World. Crown and Three Rivers Press.Google Scholar
Werner, Michael, and Zimmermann, Bénédicte. 2004. De la comparaison à l’histoire croisée. Seuil.Google Scholar
White, Sam. 2011. The Climate of Rebellion in the Early Modern Ottoman Empire. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Wight, Martin. 1977. Systems of State, edited by Bull, Hedley. Continuum International Publishing.Google Scholar
Wills, John E., Jr. 1998. ‘Relations with Maritime Europeans, 1514–1662’. In The Cambridge History of China, Vol. 8: The Ming Dynasty, Part 2: 1368–1644, edited by Twitchett, Dennis and Mote, Frederick, pp. 333–75. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Wittfogel, Karl A. 1950. ‘Russia and Asia: Problems of Contemporary Area Studies and International Relations’. World Politics 2(4): 445–62.Google Scholar
Wong, Bin. 2000. China Transformed: Historical Change and the Limits of European Experience. Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Xiaonan, Deng, 部小南 and Lamouroux, Christian. 2005. ‘The “Ancestors’ Family Instructions”: Authority and Sovereignty in Song China’. Journal of Song-Yuan Studies 35: 79–97.Google Scholar
Yanık, Lerna K. 2019. ‘Debating Eurasia’. Uluslararası İlişkiler/International Relations 16(63): 33–50.Google Scholar
Yasuo, Nagayama. 1998. Hito wa naze Rekishi wo Gizôsuru no ka [Why Men Try to Fabricate History]. Shinchô.Google Scholar
Yaycıoğlu, Ali. 2016. Partners of the Empire: The Crisis of the Ottoman Order in the Age of Revolutions. Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Zachariadou, Elizabeth. 2013. ‘The Mosque of Kahriye and the Eastern Inclinations of Its Late Byzantine Patron’. Archivum Ottomanicum 30: 281–301.Google Scholar
Zarakol, Ayşe. 2010. ‘Ontological (In)Security and State Denial of Historical Crimes: Turkey and Japan’. International Relations 24(1): 3–23.Google Scholar
Zarakol, Ayşe 2011. After Defeat: How the East Learned to Live with the West. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Zarakol, Ayşe 2014. ‘What Made the Modern World Hang Together: Socialisation or Stigmatisation’. International Theory 6(2): 311–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zarakol, Ayşe 2017a. ‘States and Ontological Security: A Historical Rethinking’. Cooperation & Conflict 52(1): 48–68.Google Scholar
Zarakol, Ayşe 2017b. ‘Why Hierarchy?’ In Hierarchies in World Politics, edited by Zarakol, Ayşe, pp. 266–74. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Zarakol, Ayşe 2018a. ‘A Non-Eurocentric Approach to Sovereignty’. International Studies Review 3(20): 489–520.Google Scholar
Zarakol, Ayşe 2018b. ‘Sovereign Equality as Misrecognition’. Review of International Studies 44(5): 848–62.Google Scholar
Zarakol, Ayşe 2019. ‘Rise of the Rest: As Hype and Reality’. International Relations 33(2): 213–228.Google Scholar
Zarakol, Ayşe 2020a. ‘Use of Historical Analogies in IR Theory’. ISSF Roundtable XII-2 on Steve Chan, Thucydides’s Trap? Historical Interpretation, Logic of Inquiry, and the Future of Sino-American Relations. H-Diplo. November 9.Google Scholar
Zarakol, Ayşe 2020b. ‘Ottomans and Diversity’. In Culture and Order in World Politics, edited by Phillips, Andrew and Reus-Smit, Chris, pp. 49–70. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Zarakol, Ayşe 2021. ‘Linking Up The Ottoman Empire with IR’s Timeline’. In Routledge Handbook of Historical International Relations, edited by Lopez, Julia Costa, de Carvalho, Benjamin and Leira, Halvard, pp. 464–76. Routledge.Google Scholar
Zhang, Yongjin, and Buzan, Barry. 2012. ‘The Tributary System as International Society in Theory and Practice’. Chinese Journal of International Politics 5(1): 3–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar