Section 9.1
• What is the distinction between anatomy and cognitive function? Why is it important?
Section 9.2
• What is EEG? How does it work? What are its principal strengths as a technology for studying the brain?
• What is PET? How does it work? What are its principal strengths as a technology for studying the brain?
• What is fMRI? How does it work? What are its principal strengths as a technology for studying the brain?
Section 9.3
• What is the locus of selection problem? Can behavioral data resolve it?
• What is the difference between ERP and EEG?
• How can single unit recordings calibrate EEG data in studying the locus of selection problem
Section 9.4
• What are the two principal hypotheses for understanding visuospatial attention?
• What do we learn about those two hypotheses from the experiments reported in this section?
Section 9.5
• Do you think that the pitfalls described in section 9.5 undermine the significance of functional neuroimaging?
The Human Brain Project (video from YouTube Human Brain Project channel)
Combination PET-MRI scanner expands imaging frontiers (video from YouTube Washington University in St. Louis channel)
Brain Imaging, Crash Course (video from YouTube Rutgers RWJMS Neurology channel)
9.1 Structure and Function in the Brain
Brain connectivity (entry from Scholarpedia)
Atlases – FslWiki (This webpage lists some common atlases in imaging study.)
Allen Brain Map (Allen Institute provides some resources for human and animal brain maps.)
The whole brain atlas (website by Keith Johnson and J. Alex Becker, Harvard Medical School)
neurosynth (a platform for large-scale, automated synthesis of fMRI data)
Distributed hierarchical processing in the primate cerebral cortex (paper by Felleman and Van Essen, 1991, in Cerebral Cortex)
Mapping anatomical connectivity patterns of human cerebral cortex using in vivo diffusion tensor imaging tractography (paper by Gong et al., 2008, in Cerebral Cortex)
Global relationship between anatomical connectivity and activity propagation in the cerebral cortex (paper by Kotter and Sommer, 2000, in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B)
The elusive concept of brain connectivity (paper by Horwitz, 2003, in NeuroImage)
Functional and Effective Connectivity: A Review (a review paper by Friston, 2011, Brain Connectivity)
Analysing connectivity with Granger causality and dynamic causal modelling (paper by Friston, Moran, and Seth, 2013, in Current Opinion in Neurobiology)
9.2 Studying Cognitive Functioning: Techniques from Neuroscience
Electroencephalogram (entry from Scholarpedia)
Magnetoencephalogram (entry from Scholarpedia)
Functional imaging (entry from Scholarpedia)
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (entry from Scholarpedia)
Introduction to FMRI (from the University of Oxford’s FMRIB Centre)
A history of positron imaging (article by Brownell, 1999, in Physics Research Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, MIT )
9.3 Combining Resources I: The Locus-of-Selection Problem
Attention (entry from Scholarpedia)
Attention (entry from the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
Donald Broadbent (obituary from The American Journal of Psychology)
An Introduction to Event-Related Potentials and Their Neural Origins (book chapter from Luck, 2005, in An Introduction to the Event-Related Potential Technique)
Event-related brain potentials in the study of visual selective attention (paper by Hillyard and Anllo-Vento, 1998, in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)
Visual attention: Insights from brain imaging (paper by Kanwisher and Wojciulik, 2000, in Nature Reviews Neuroscience)
Neuroimaging studies of attention: From modulation of sensory processing to top-down control (paper by Pessoa, Kastner, and Ungerleider, 2003, in The Journal of Neuroscience)
Top-down versus bottom-up attentional control: a failed theoretical dichotomy (paper by Awh, Belopolsky, and Theeuwes, 2012, in Trends in Cognitive Sciences)
9.4 Combining Resources II: Networks for Attention
A PET study of visuospatial attention (paper by Corbetta et al., 1993, in The Journal of Neuroscience)
The attention system of the human brain: 20 Years After (paper by Posner and Petersen, 1990, in Annual Reviews of Neuroscience)
Functional localization of the system for visuospatial attention using positron emission tomography (paper by A. C. Nobre et al., 1997, in Brain)
The influence of stimulus location on the brain activation pattern in detection and orientation discrimination: A PET study of visual attention (paper by R. Vandenberghe et al., 1996, in Brain)
A common network of functional areas for attention and eye movements (paper by Corbetta et al., 1998, in Neuron)
Frontoparietal cortical networks for directing attention and the eye to visual locations: Identical, independent, or overlapping neural systems? (paper by Corbetta, 1998, in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)
Control of eye movements and spatial attention (paper by Moore and Fallah, 2001, in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)
9.5 From Data to Maps: Problems and Pitfalls
Statistical limitations in functional neuroimaging I: Non-inferential methods and statistical models (paper by Petersson et al., 1999, in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences)
Statistical limitations in functional neuroimaging II. Signal detection and statistical inference (paper by Petersson et al., 1999, in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences)
PET: Exploring the myth and the method (paper by Stufflebeam and Bechtel, 1997, in Philosophy of Science)
Terra cognita: From functional neuroimaging to the map of the mind (paper draft by Lloyd, 1999, in Brain and Mind)
Neurophysiological investigation of the basis of the fMRI signal (paper by Logothetis et al., 2001, in Nature)
Decomposing the mind-brain: A long-term pursuit (paper by Bechtel, 2002, in Brain and Mind)
What can functional neuroimaging tell the experimental psychologist? (paper by Henson, 2005, in Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology)
Interpreting oxygenation-based neuroimaging signals: The importance and the challenge of understanding brain oxygen metabolism (paper by Buxton, 2010, in Frontiers in Neuroenergetics)
Scanning the horizon: towards transparent and reproducible neuroimaging research (paper by Poldrack et al., 2017, in Nature Reviews Neuroscience)
Magnetoencephalography for brain electrophysiology and imaging (review paper by Baillet, 2017, in Nature Neuroscience)
EEG-Informed fMRI: A Review of Data Analysis Methods (review paper by Abreu, Leal, and Figueiredo, 2018, in Frontiers in Human Neuroscience)
