References
Ainsworth, M.D.S. (1979). Infant-mother attachment. American Psychologist. 34, 932–937.
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing.
Aron, L. (1996). A meeting of minds: Mutuality in psychoanalysis. Hillsdale, NJ: Analytic Press.
Atwood, G. E. & Stolorow, R. D. (1984, 2014). Structures of subjectivity: Explorations in psychoanalytic phenomenology and contextualism. London & New York: Routledge.
Averill, J. R. (1983). Studies on anger and aggression: Implications for theories of emotion. American Psychologist, 38, 1145–1160.
Bateman, A. & Fonagy, P. (2013). Mentalization-based treatment. Psychoanalytic Inquiry, 33(6), 595–613. doi:10.1080/07351690.2013.835170.
Bateman, A.W. and Fonagy, P. (2004). Mentalization-based treatment of BPD. Journal of Personality Disorders, 18(1), 36–51.
Bateman, A.W. and Fonagy, P. (2004). Mentalization-based treatment of BPD. Journal of Personality Disorders, 18(1), 36–51.
Beck, A. (1976). Cognitive therapy and the emotional disorders. New York: International Universities Press.
Bender, D.S., Morey, L.C., Skodol, A.E. Toward a model for assessing level of personality functioning in DSM-5, part I: A review of theory and methods. J Pers Assess. 2011 Jul; 93(4):332–46.
Benjamin, L. S. (1979). Structural analysis of differentiation failure. Psychiatry: Journal For The Study Of Interpersonal Processes, 42(1), 1–23.
Benjamin, L. S. (1987). Use of the SASB dimensional model to develop treatment plans for personality disorders: I. Narcissism. Journal of Personality Disorders, 1(1), 43–70.
Benjamin, L. S. (1996). A clinician-friendly version of the Interpersonal Circumplex: Structural Analysis of Social Behavior (SASB). Journal of Personality Assessment, 66(2), 248–266.
Benjamin, L. S. (2003). Interpersonal reconstructive therapy: Promoting change in nonresponders. New York, NY, US: Guilford Press.
Berridge, K. & Winkielman, P. (2003). What is an unconscious emotion? Cognition & Emotion, 17, 181–211.
Beuchler, S. (2008). Making a difference in patients’ lives: Emotional experience in the therapeutic setting. New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group.
Bion, W. R. (1962). The psychoanalytic study of thinking. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 43, 306–310.
Bion, W.R. (1967). Notes on memory and desire. Psychoanalytic Forum, 2, 279–281.
Bion, W.R. (1997). Taming wild thoughts. London: Karnac Books.
Bohleber, W., Fonagy, P., Jimenez, J.P., Scarfone, D., Varin, S., Zysman, S. (2013). Towards a better use of psychoanalytic concepts: A model illustrated using the concept of enactment. Int. J. Psycho-Anal., 94:501–530.
Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment and loss, vol. 1: Attachment. New York, NY: Basic Books.
Bowlby, J. (1973). Attachment and loss, vol. 2: Separation, anxiety and mourning. New York: Basic Books.
Bowlby, J. (1989). The role of attachment in personality development and psychopathology. In Greenspan, S. I., Pollock, G. H. (Eds.), The course of life, Vol. 1: Infancy (pp. 229–270). Madison, CT, US: International Universities Press, Inc.
Brenner, C. (1976). Psychic conflict and the analyst’s task. In Psychoanalytic technique and psychic conflict (8–34). New York: International Universities Press.
Briere, J. and Elliot, D.M. (2003). Prevalence and psychological sequelae of self-reported childhood physical and sexual abuse in a general population sample of men and women. Child Abuse & Neglect Elsevier Science. 1205–1222.
Britton, J.C., Lissek, S., Grillon, C., Norcross, M.A., Pine, D.S. (2011) Development of anxiety: the role of threat appraisal and fear learning. Depression and Anxiety. 28(1):5–17.
Busch, F. Our vital profession. Int J Psychoanal. 2015 Jun; 96(3):553–68.
Cabaniss, D. L. (2010). Psychodynamic psychotherapy: A clinical manual. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.
Carlson, V., Cicchetti, D., Barnett, D., Braunwald, K. (1989). Disorganized/disoriented attachment relationships in maltreated infants. Developmental Psychology, 25(4), 525–531.
Chefetz, R. A. (2015). Intensive psychotherapy for persistent dissociative processes: The fear of feeling real. New York: Norton.
Christian, C., Safran, J. D., & Muran, J. C. (2012). The corrective emotional experience: A relational perspective and critique. In Castonguay, L. G., Hill, C. E. (Eds.), Transformation in psychotherapy: Corrective experiences across cognitive behavioral, humanistic, and psychodynamic approaches (51–67). Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association.
Clarkin, J.F., Yeomans, F.E., Kernberg, O.F. (2006). Psychotherapy for borderline personality: Focusing on object relations. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Pub Inc.
Conte, H. R. & Plutchik, R. (1995). Ego defenses: Theory and measurement. New York, NY: Wiley.
Crits-Christoph, P., Demorest, A., & Connolly, M. B. (1990). Quantitative assessment of interpersonal themes over the course of a psychotherapy. Psychotherapy, 27, 513–521.
Crits-Christoph, P., & Demorest, A. (1991). Qualitative assessment of relationship theme components. In Horowitz, M. J., ed., Person schemas and maladaptive interpersonal patterns. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Curtis, R.C. (2012). New experiences and meanings: A Model of change for Psychoanalysis. Psychoanalytic Psychology, 29:81–98.
Emde, R. N. and Sorce, J. F.. (1983). Rewards of infancy: Emotional availability and maternal referencing. In Coll, J., Galenson, E., & Tyson, R., (Eds.), Frontiers of Infant Psychiatry. New York: Basic Books.
Fairbairn, W.R.D. (1943). The repression and return of bad objects (with special reference to war neuroses). In Fairbairn, W.R.D. (Ed.), Psychoanalytic studies of the personality (78–97). New York, NY: Routledge.
Fairbairn, W.R.D. (1944) Endopsychic structure considered in terms of object-relationships. In Fairbairn, W.R.D. (Ed.), Psychoanalytic studies of the personality (98–137). New York, NY: Routledge.
Farber, S.K. (2008). Dissociation, traumatic attachments, and self-harm: Eating disorders and self-mutilation. Clinical Social Work Journal, 36, 63–72.
Ferro, A., (2011). Avoiding emotions, living emotions. Hove, East Sussex: Routledge.
Fonagy, P. & Bateman, A. W. (2005). Attachment Theory and Mentalization-Oriented Model of Borderline Personality Disorder. In Oldham, J. M., Skodol, A. E., Bender, D. S. (Eds.), The American Psychiatric Publishing textbook of personality disorders (pp. 187–207). Arlington, VA, US: American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc.
Fonagy, P. & Target, M. (2000). Playing with reality III: The persistence of dual psychic reality in borderline patients. International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 81(5), 853–874.
Fonagy, P. & Target, M. (2006). The mentalization-focused approach to self pathology. Journal of Personality Disorders, 20(6), 544–576.
Fonagy, P., Gergely, G., Jurist, E. L., & Target, M. (2004). Affect regulation, mentalization, and the development of the self. New York, NY: Other Press.
Fonagy, P., Steele, H., & Steele, M. (1991). Maternal representations of attachment during pregnancy predict the organization of infant-mother attachment at one year of age. Child Development. 62, 891–905.
Freud, A. & Baines, C. (1996). The ego and the mechanisms of defense. International University Press.
Freud, S. (1912). Recommendation to physicians practicing psychoanalysis. London: Hogarth Press.
Freud, S. & Strachey, J. (1977). Introductory lectures on psychoanalysis. New York: Norton.
Frijda, N. H. (1986). The emotions. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
Frijda, N. H., Kuipers, P., & ter Schure, E. (1989). Relations among emotion, appraisal, and emotional action readiness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 212–228.
Gabbard, G. O. (2014). Psychodynamic psychiatry in clinical practice. American Psychiatric Publishing.
Gedo, J. E. and Goldberg, A. (1975). Models of the mind. A psychoanalytic theory. The University of Chicago Press.
Goffman, E. (1974). Frame analysis. New York: Harper.
Goldfried, M. R. & Davila, J. (2005). The role of relationship and technique in therapeutic change. Psychotherapy theory, research, practice, training, 42, 421–430.
Greenberg, J.R. (1986). The problem of analytic neutrality. Contemporary Psychoanalysis, 22, 76–86.
Greenberg, L. (2008). Emotion and cognition in psychotherapy: The transforming power of affect. Canadian psychology, 49(1), 49–59.
Grienenberger, J.F., Kelly, K., Slade, A. (2005). Maternal reflective functioning, mother-infant affective communication, and infant attachment. Attachment and Human Development, 7(3), 299–311.
Gunderson, J. G. (2009). Borderline Personality Disorder: Ontogeny of a Diagnosis. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 166(5), 530–539. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2009.08121825.
Herman, J. L. (1997). Trauma and recovery. New York: Basic Books.
Herman, J. L. & Hirschman, L. (2000). Father-daughter incest. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Herman, J.L. (2008). Craft and science in the treatment of traumatized people. J Trauma Dissociation. 9(3):293–300.
Hesse, E., Main, M. (2000). Disorganized infant, child, and adult attachment. Journal of American Psychoanalytical Association, 48, 1097–1127.
Høglend, P., Hersoug, A.G., Bøgwald, K.P., Amlo, S., Marble, A., Sørbye, Ø., Røssberg, J.I., Ulberg, R., Gabbard, G.O., Crits-Christoph, P. (2011). Effects of transference work in the context of therapeutic alliance and quality of object relations. J Consult Clin Psychol.
Høglend, P. (2014). Exploration of the patient-therapist relationship in psychotherapy. Am J Psychiatry. 171(10):1056–66.
Holmes, D.S. (1974). Investigations of repression: Differential recall of material experimentally or naturally associated with ego threat. Psychological bulletin, 81:632–653.
Holmes, J. (1997). Attachment, autonomy, intimacy: Some clinical implications of attachment theory. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 70: 231–248.
Horowitz, M.J. (2014). Identity and the new psychoanalytic explorations of self-organization. London: Routledge.
Horowitz, M.J. (2013). Disturbed personality functioning and psychotherapy technique Psychotherapy: 50: 438–442.
Horowitz, M. J. (2014). Clarifying values in psychotherapy. Psychodyn Psychiatry, 42(4), 671–679.
Horowitz, M.J., Wilner, N., Marmar, C., Krupnick, J. Pathological grief and the activation of latent self-images. Am J Psychiatry. 1980 Oct; 137(10):1157–2.
Horowitz, M.J., Understanding and ameliorating revenge fantasies in psychotherapy. Am J Psychiatry. 2007 Jan; 164(1):24–7.
Horowitz, M. J. (1979). States of mind: Analysis of change in psychotherapy. New York, NY: Plenum Medical Book Co.
Horowitz, M. J. (1986). Levels of interpretation in dynamic psychotherapy. Psychoanalytic Psychology, 3, 39–45.
Horowitz, M. J. (1988b). Introduction to psychodynamics: A new synthesis. New York, NY: Basic Books.
Horowitz, M. J. (1991). Person schemas and maladaptive interpersonal patterns. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Horowitz, M. J. (1997). Personality styles and brief psychotherapy. Northvale, N.J: J. Aronson.
Horowitz, M. J. (2005). Understanding psychotherapy change: A practical guide to configurational analysis. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Horowitz, M. J. (2011). Stress response syndromes (5th ed.). Northvale, NJ: Jason Aronson.
Horowitz, M. J. (Ed.). (1988a). Psychodynamics and cognition. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Horowitz, M. J. & Stinson, C. H. (1995). Defenses as aspects of person schemas and control processes. In Conte, H. & Plutchik, R. (Eds.), Ego defenses: Theory and measurement (pp. 79–97). NY: Wiley.
Horowitz, M. J., Cooper, S., Fridhandler, B., Perry, J. C., Bond, M., & Vaillant, G. (1992). Control processes and defense mechanisms. Journal of Psychotherapy Practice and Research, 1(4), 324–336.
Horowitz, M. J., Cooper, S., Fridhandler, B., Perry, J. D., Bond, M., & Vaillant, G. E. (1992). Control processes and defense mechanisms. Journal of Psychotherapy Practice and Research 1:324–336.
Horowitz, M. J., Markman, H. C., Stinson, C. H., Ghannam, J. H., & Fridhandler, B. A. (1990). Classification theory of defense. In Singer, J. (Ed.), Repression and dissociation: Implications for personality theory, psychopathology and health (pp. 61–84). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Horowitz, M. J., Marmar, C., Krupnick, J., Wilner, N., Kaltreider, N., Wallerstein, R. (2001). Personality styles and brief psychotherapy. J. Aronson.
Horowitz, M. J., Milbrath, C., Jordan, D. S., Stinson, C. H., Ewert, M., Redington, D. J., Fridhandler, B., Reidbord, S. P. and Hartley, D. (1994). Expressive and defensive behavior during discourse on unresolved topics: A single case study of pathological grief. Journal of Personality, 62: 527–563.
Horowitz, M. J., Znoj, H., & Stinson, C. (1996). Defensive control processes: Use of theory in research, formulation, and therapy of stress response syndromes. In Zeidner, M. & Endler, N. (Eds.), Handbook of coping (pp. 532–553). New York, NY: Wiley and Sons.
Horowitz, M.J. (1995). Defensive control of states and person schemas. pp. 67–90 in Shapiro, T., & Emde, R. N. (1995), Research in psychoanalysis: Process, development, outcome. Madison, CT: International Universities Press.
Horowitz, M., Cooper, S., Fridhandler, B., Perry, J. C., Bond, M., & Vaillant, G. (1992). Control processes and defense mechanisms. The Journal of Psychotherapy Practice and Research, 1(4), 324–336.
Horowitz, M.J. (1988). Introduction to psychodynamics: A new synthesis. New York: Basic Books.
Horowitz, M.J. (1998). Cognitive psychodynamics: From conflict to character. New York, NY: Wiley.
Horowitz, M.J. (2009) A course in happiness. NY: Penguin Group.
Horowitz, M.J. (2011). Stress response syndromes, 5th ed. NJ: Aronson.
Horowitz, M.J., Marmar, C., Krupnick, J., Wilner, N., Kaltreider, N., & Wallerstein, R.S. (1997). Personality styles and brief psychotherapy. Northvale, NJ: Jason Aronson.
Horowitz, M.J., Möller, B. (2009 ). Formulating transference in cognitive and dynamic psychotherapies using role relationship models. J Psychiatr Pract. 15(1):25–33.
Huprich, S. K. (2014). Malignant self-regard: A self-structure enhancing the understanding of masochistic, depressive, and vulnerably narcissistic personalities. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 22, 295–305.
Jacobson, E. (1964). The self in the object world. New York: International Universities Press.
Kealy, D., Ogrodnikzuk, J. (2014). Pathological narcissism and the obstruction of love. Psychodynamic Psychiatry. 42(1): 101–119.
Kernberg, O.F. (2014). An overview of the treatment of severe narcissistic pathology. Int J Psychoanal.
Kernberg, O.F. (1980). Internal world and external reality: Object relations theory applied. New York: Jason Aronson.
Klein, G.S. (1976). Psychoanalytic theory. New York: International Universities Press.
Klein, M. (1940). Mourning and its relation to manic-depressive states. Int. J. Psycho-Anal., 21:125–153.
Knapp, P.H. (1991). Selfother schemas: Core organizers of human experience. Horowitz, M.J., ed., Person schemas and maladaptive interpersonal patterns. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Kohut, H. (1977). The restoration of the self. New York: International Universities Press.
Kohut, H. (1972) Analysis of the Self. Norton.
Kohut, H. (1972). Thoughts on narcissism and narcissistic rage. Psychoanalytic Study of the Child 27:360–400.
Kohut, H. (1984). How does analysis cure? In Goldberg, A. and Stepansky, P., eds., Contributions to the psychology of the self. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Krupnick, J.L. & Melnikoff, S.E. (2012). Psychotherapy with low-income patients. Contemporary Psychotherapy, Special Issue, 42(1):7–15.
LeDoux, J. E. (1995). Emotions: Clues from the brain. Annual Review of Psychology, 46, 209–235.
Levenson, H., & American Psychological Association. (2010). Brief dynamic therapy. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Levy, K. N., & Anderson, T. (2013). Is clinical psychology doctoral training becoming less intellectually diverse? And if so, what can be done? Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 20(2), 211–220.
Levy, K. N., Ellison, W. D., Scott, L. N., & Bernecker, S. L. (2011). Attachment style. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 67(2), 193–201.
Lingiardi, V., McWilliams, N., Bornstein, R. F., Gazzillo, F., & Gordon, R. (2015). The Psychodynamic Diagnostic Manual version 2 (PDM-2): Assessing patients for improved clinical practice and research. Psychoanalytic Psychology, 32, 94–115.
Loftus, E.F. (1997) Creating false memories. Sci Am. 277(3):70–5.
Luborsky, L. (1984). Principles of psychoanalytic psychotherapy: A manual for supportive-expressive (SE) treatment. New York: Basic Books.
Luyten, P., & Blatt, S. J. (2013). Interpersonal relatedness and self-definition in normal and disrupted personality development: Retrospect and prospect. American Psychologist, 68, 172–183.
Lyons-Ruth, K. (1996). Attachment relationships among children with aggressive behavior problems. Journal of Clinical and Consulting Psychology, 64–73.
Marmar, R., Horowitz, M. J. (1986). Phenomenological analysis of splitting. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, Vol 23(1), 1986, 21–29.
McClelland, J. L., Rumelhart, D. E., & the PDP Research Group. (1986). Parallel distributed processing: Explorations in the microstructure of cognition. Volume II. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
McWilliams, N. (2011). Psychoanalytic diagnosis: Understanding personality structure in the clinical process, rev. ed. New York: Guilford Press.
Millon, T. & Davis, R. D. (1996). Disorders of personality: DSM-IV and beyond. New York: Wiley.
Milrod, B. (1997). Manual of panic-focused psychodynamic psychotherapy. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.
Milrod, B., Markowitz, J. C., Gerber, A. J., Cyranowski, J., Altemus, M., Shapiro, T., & Glatt, C. (2014). Childhood separation anxiety and the pathogenesis and treatment of adult anxiety. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 171(1), 34–43.
Modell, AH. (1976). “The Holding Environment” and the therapeutic action of psychoanalysis. J Am Psychoanal Assoc. 1976; 24(2):285–307.
Music, G. (2011). Nurturing natures: Attachment and children’s emotional, sociocultural and brain development. New York, NY: Psychology Press.
Norcross, J.C., Wampold, B.E. (2011). Evidence-based therapy relationships: Research conclusions and clinical practices. Psychotherapy, 48 (1), pp. 98–102.
Olson, T.R., Perry, J.C., Janzen, J.I., Petraglia, J., Presniak, M.D. (2011). Addressing and interpreting defense mechanisms in psychotherapy: general considerations. Psychiatry. 74(2):142–65.
Panksepp, J., & Biven, L. (2012). The archeology of mind: Neuroevolutionary origins of human emotions. New York: Norton.
Perry, J. C. (2014). Anomalies and specific functions in the clinical identification of defense mechanisms. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 70, 406‒418.
Perry, J. C., Augusto, F., & Cooper, S. H. (1989). Assessing psychodynamic conflicts: I. Reliability of the idiographic conflict formulation method. Psychiatry, 52, 289–301.
Persons, J. B. (1989). Cognitive therapy in practice: A case formulation approach. New York, NY; London: W.W. Norton & Company.
Persons, J. B. (1992). A case formulation approach to cognitive-behavior therapy: Application to panic disorder. Psychiatric Annals, 22(9), 470–473.
Pine, F. (1985). Developmental theory and clinical process. New Haven and London: Yale University Press.
Piper, W. and Duncan, S. (1999) Object relationship theory and short-term dynamic psychotherapy. Clinical Psychology Review, 19:669–685.
Porges, S. W. (2011). The polyvagal theory. Neurophysiological foundations of emotions, attachment, communication and self-regulation. New York: Norton.
Reidbord, S.P., Redington, D. J. (1993). Nonlinear analysis of autonomic responses in a therapist during psychotherapy. Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease. 181(7):428–435.
Renick, O. (2006). Practical psychoanalysis for therapists and patients. New York: Other Press.
Rice, T.R., Hoffman, L. (2014). Defense mechanisms and implicit emotion regulation: a comparison of a psychodynamic construct with one from contemporary neuroscience. J Am Psychoanal Assoc. 62(4):693–708.
Rogers, C. (1951). Client-centered therapy. Oxford, England: Houghton Mifflin.
Rogers, C. R. (1957). The necessary and sufficient conditions of therapeutic personality change. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 21(2), 95–103.
Rumelhart, D. E., McClelland, J. L., & the PDP Research Group. (1986). Parallel distributed processing: Explorations in the microstructure of cognition. Volume I. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Saklofske, D. H., & Zeidner, M. (1995). Personality and intelligence. New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company.
Sandler, C.M. (1960). The background of safety. International Journal of Psychoanalysis 41, 352–356.
Schafer, R. (1983). The analytic attitude. New York: Basic Books, Inc.
Scherer, K.R. (1988) ‘Criteria for Emotion-Antecedent Appraisal: A Review’, in Hamilton, V., Bower, G.H. and Frijda, N.H. (eds), Cognitive Perspectives on Emotion and Motivation, pp. 89–126.
Scherer, K.R. (1999). Appraisal theory. In Dalgleish, T. & Power, M. (Eds.), Handbook of Cognition and Emotion. New York: Wiley.
Shapiro, D. (1965). Neurotic styles. New York, NY: Basic Books.
Shapiro, D. (1981). Autonomy and rigid character. New York, NY: Basic Books.
Shapiro, D. (2000). Dynamics of character. New York, NY: Basic Books.
Shedler, J. (2015). Integrating clinical and empirical perspectives on personality: The Shedler-Westen Assessment Procedure (SWAP). In Huprich, S. K. (Ed.), Personality disorders: Toward theoretical and empirical integration.
Singer, J. L. (Ed.). (1990). Repression and dissociation: Implications for personality theory, psychopathology, and health. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Singer, J.L. (1987). Private experience and public action: The study of ongoing conscious thought. In Aronoff, J., Rabin, A. and Zucker, R.A., eds., The emergence of personality. New York: Springer.
Skolnikoff, A. (2009). The emotional position of the analyst in the shift from psychotherapy to psychoanalysis. Psychoanalytic Inquiry.
Smith, C.A. & Lazarus, R.S. (1993). Appraisal components, core relational themes, and the emotions. Cognition and Emotion, 7, 233–269.
Smith, E. R., & Mackie, D. M. (2008). Intergroup emotions. In Lewis, M., Haviland-Jones, J., and Barrett, L. F. (Eds.), Handbook of Emotions (3rd Edition, pp. 428–439). New York: Guilford Publications.
Sroufe, L.A. (1979). The coherence of individual development: Early care, attachment, and subsequent developmental issues. American Psychologist, 34(10), 834–841.
Sroufe, L.A. (1996). Emotional development: The organization of emotional life in the early years. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Stayton, D. J., & Ainsworth, M. D. (1973). Individual differences in infant responses to brief, everyday separations as related to other infant and maternal behaviors. Developmental Psychology, 9(2), 226–235.
Steele, H., & Steele, M. (2008). On the origins of reflective functioning. In Busch, F. (Ed), Mentalization: Theoretical considerations, research findings, and clinical implications. Psychoanalytic Inquiry Book Series, 29, pp. 133–158. NY: Analytic Books.
Stern, D. N: (1998). The process of therapeutic change involving implicit knowledge: Some implications of developmental observations for adult psychotherapy. Infant Mental Health Journal. Special Issue: Interventions that affect change in psychotherapy: A model based on infant research. 19(3), 300–308.
Stern, D. N. (2004) The present moment: In psychotherapy and everyday life. Norton Series on Interpersonal Neurobiology. New York, NY: W. W. Norton & Co.
Stern, D.N. (1985). The interpersonal world of the infant. New York, NY: Basic Books.
Stoller, R. (1968). Sex and gender, vol. 1: The transsexual experiment. New York: Aronson.
Stolorow, R. D., & Lachmann, F. M. (1980). The psychoanalysis of developmental arrests. New York: International Universities Press.
Tronick, E.Z. (2007). The neurobehavioral and social-emotional development of infants and children. New York: W.W. Norton & Co. Wallerstein, R.S. (1986). Forty-two lives in treatment: a study of psychoanalysis and psychotherapy. New York: Guilford Press.
United States Administration for Children and Families. (2005). Child maltreatment 2003: Reports from the states to the National Child Abuse and Neglect Data Systems – national statistics on child abuse and neglect.
Vaillant, G. E. (1994). Ego mechanisms of defense and personality psychopathology. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 102(1), 44–50.
Vaillant, G. E. (2003). Aging well: Guideposts to a happier life. New York: Warner.
Wachtel, P. (2014). An Integrative Relational Points of View. Psychotherapy, 51, 342–349.
Wachtel, P. L. (2011). Inside the session: What really happens in psychotherapy. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Wacthel, P.L. (1993). Therapeutic communication: Knowing what to say when. New York, NY: The Guilford Press.
Weiss, J., & Sampson, H. (Eds.) (1986). The psychoanalytic process: Theory, clinical observation and empirical research. New York: Guilford Press.
Westen, D., Shedler, J., Bradley, B., & DeFife, J. A. (2012). An empirically derived taxonomy for personality diagnosis: Bridging science and practice in conceptualizing personality. American Journal of Psychiatry, 169, 273–284.
Whalen, P. J., Rauch, S. L., Etcoff, N. L., McInerny, S., Lee, M. B., & Jenike, M. A. (1998). Masked presentations of emotional facial expressions modulate amygdala activity without explicit knowledge. Journal of Neuroscience, 18, 411–418.
Winnicott, D.W. (1965). The maturational processes and the facilitating environment: Studies in the theory of emotional development. New York: International Universities Press.
Winnicott, D.W. (1972). Mirror-role of mother and family in child development. Playing and reality (pp. 111–119). London: Tavistock Publications.
Winnicott, D.W. (1989). Psychoanalytic exploration. Harvard University Press, Cambridge.
Young, J. E. (1994). Cognitive therapy for personality disorders: A schema-focused approach (3rd ed.). Sarasota, FL: Professional Resource Exchange, Incorporated.
Young, J. E., Klosko, J. S., & Weishaar, M. E. (2006). Schema therapy: A practitioner’s guide. New York: Guilford Press.
Zimmermann, J., Ehrenthal, J. C., Cierpka, M., Schauenburg, H., Doering, S., & Benecke, C. (2012). Assessing the level of structural integration using Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnosis (OPD): Implications for DSM–5. Journal of Personality Assessment, 94, 522–532.
