Element contents
Series: Elements in Leadership
Cultural Dynamics and Leadership
An Interpretive Approach
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 19 May 2022
Summary
The intersection of leadership and culture is undertheorized. This Element looks behind familiar titles in leadership at materials from anthropology, sociology, and history to gain a more nuanced understanding of culture. Of particular relevance is an interpretive approach, elaborated in the works of Simmel, Cassirer, Ortega y Gasset, and Gadamer. A five-part schema examines permutations pertaining to the relationship between culture and leadership – as separate, conflicting, derivative, or engaged – with the most attractive being the possibility that leadership and culture are mutually constituting. To explain cultural change, Ortega y Gasset suggested as a unit of analysis the idea of a generation, illustrated in a historical account of translating the Bible. Archer proposed as a mechanism for cultural change the idea of social morphogenesis, which this Element applies to evolving issues of race in the civic order. This process illustrated in the thinking of pundit William F. Buckley, Jr.
- Type
- Element
- Information
- Series: Elements in LeadershipOnline ISBN: 9781009002066Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication: 19 May 2022
References
Alim, H. S., & Smitherman, G. (2012). Articulate while Black: Barack Obama, Language, and Race in the US. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Alter, R. (2010). Pen of Iron: American Prose and the King James Bible. Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alvesson, M. (1993). Cultural Perspectives on Organizations. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Alvesson, M. (2011). “Leadership and Organizational Culture.” In Bryman, A., Collinson, D., Grint, K., Jackson, B., & Uhl-Bien, M. (eds.). The Sage Handbook of Leadership (pp. 151–164). Sage.Google Scholar
Archer, M. (1996). Culture and Agency: The Place of Culture in Social Theory (revised ed.). Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baldwin, J., Faulkner, S., & Hecht, M. (2006). “A Moving Target: The Illusive Definition of Culture.” In Baldwin, J., Faulkner, S., Hecht, M., & Lindsley, S. (eds.). Redefining Culture: Perspectives across the Disciplines (pp. 3–26). Lawrence Erlbaum Assoc.Google Scholar
Benjamin, W. (1968). Illuminations: Essays and Reflections (H. Arendt, ed.). Mariner Books.Google Scholar
Bennett, J. (1974, April). “The Conscience of Huckleberry Finn.” Philosophy. 49(188): 123–134.Google Scholar
Berlin, I. (1969/1979). “Vico’s Concept of Knowledge.” In Berlin, I (ed.). Against the Current: Essays in the History of Ideas (pp. 111–119). Penguin.Google Scholar
Berlin, I. (1978). The Hedgehog and the Fox: An Essay on Tolstoy’s View of History. Phoenix.Google Scholar
Bernstein, R. (1997). “Pragmatism, Pluralism, and the Healing of Wounds.” In Menand, L. (ed.). Pragmatism: A Reader (pp. 382–401). Vintage Books.Google Scholar
Blass, T. (ed.). (1999). Obedience to Authority: Current Perspectives on the Milgram Paradigm. Psychology Press.Google Scholar
Bobrick, B. (2001). Wide as the Waters: The Story of the English Bible and the Revolution It Inspired. Penguin.Google Scholar
Bradley, K., Cartledge, P., Drescher, S., et al. (eds.). (2011–2017). The Cambridge World History of Slavery (vols. 1–4). Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Bragg, M. (2011). The Book of Books: The Radical Impact of the King James Bible 1611–2011. Sceptre.Google Scholar
Bryman, A., Stephens, M., & Campo, C. (1996). “The Importance of Context: Qualitative Research and the Study of Leadership.” The Leadership Quarterly. 7(3): 353–370.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Buccola, N. (2019). The Fire Is upon Us: James Baldwin, William F. Buckley Jr., and the Debate over Race in America. Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Buckley, W. (1970). The Governor Listeth: A Book of Inspired Political Revelations. G. P. Putnam’s Sons.Google Scholar
Buckley, W. (1989). On the Firing Line: The Public Life of Our Public Figures. Random House.Google Scholar
Buckley, W., & Kesler, C. (1988). Keeping the Tablets: Modern American Conservative Thought. HarperCollins.Google Scholar
The Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary and Thesaurus. (2021). Cambridge University Press. Accessed on March 19, 2021 from https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/culture.Google Scholar
Campbell, G. (2010). Bible: The Story of the King James Version 1611–2011. Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carroll, R., & Prickett, S. (2008). “Introduction.” In Carroll, R., & Prickett, S. (eds.). The Bible: Authorized King James Version. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Cassirer, E. (1942/2000). The Logic of the Cultural Sciences (S. G. Lofts, trans.). Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Clough, M. (2002). “Cultural Anthropology.” In Shriberg, A., Shriberg, D., & Lloyd, C. (eds.). Practicing Leadership: Principles and Applications (2nd ed.) (pp. 85–109). John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Cohen, A. (2009, April). “Many Forms of Culture.” American Psychologist. 64(3): 194–204.Google Scholar
Colvin, R. (1996). “Transformational Executive Leadership: A Comparison of Culture-Focused and Individual Focused Leadership Modalities.” Dissertation, Virginia Commonwealth University.Google Scholar
Cooper, B. (2020). Paleolithic Politics: The Human Community in Early Art. University of Notre Dame Press.Google Scholar
Den Hartog, D., & Dickson, M. (2004). “Leadership and Culture.” In Antonakis, J., Cianciolo, A., & Sternberg, R. (eds.). The Nature of Leadership (pp. 249–278). Sage.Google Scholar
de Tarde, G. (1895/1903). The Laws of Imitation (E. C. Parsons, trans.). Henry Holt & Co.Google Scholar
Donaldson, W. (2017). Simple_Complexity: A Management Book for the Rest of Us. Morgan James Publishing.Google Scholar
Dostal, R. (ed.). (2002). The Cambridge Companion to Gadamer. Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
DuBois, W. E. B. (1995). “The Talented Tenth.” Excerpted in Wren, T. (ed.). The Leader’s Companion: Insights on Leadership through the Ages (pp. 78–80). Free Press.Google Scholar
Durkheim, E. (1895/1938). The Rules of Sociological Method (S. Solovay & J. Mueller, trans.). Free Press.Google Scholar
Eagleton, T. (2000). The Idea of Culture [Blackwell manifestos]. Blackwell Publishing.Google Scholar
Faulkner, S., Baldwin, J., Lindsley, S., & Hecht, M. (2006). “Layers of Meaning: An Analysis of Definitions of Culture.” In Baldwin, J., Faulkner, S., Hecht, M., & Lindsley, S. (eds.). Redefining Culture: Perspectives across the Disciplines (pp. 27–52). Lawrence Erlbaum Assoc.Google Scholar
Felzenberg, A. (2017, May 13). “How William F. Buckley, Jr., Changed His Mind on Civil Rights.” Politico. Accessed on June 7, 2020 from www.politico.com/magazine/story/2017/05/13/william-f-buckley-civil-rights-215129.Google Scholar
Fiedler, F. E. (1972). “How Do You Make Leaders More Effective? New Answers to an Old Puzzle.” Organizational Dynamics. 1(2): 3–18.Google Scholar
Fiske, D. (1986). “Specificity of Method and Knowledge in Social Science.” In Fiske, D., & Schweder, R. (eds.) Metatheory in Social Science: Pluralisms and Subjectivities (pp. 61–82). University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Foucault, M. (1966/1994). The Order of Things: An Archeology of the Human Sciences. Vintage Books.Google Scholar
Freedman, A. (2021). Thrive: The Leader’s Guide to Building a High-Performance Culture. Lioncrest Publishing.Google Scholar
Frye, R. (1965). “Introduction.” In Frye, R. (ed.). The Bible: Selections from the King James Version for Study as Literature (pp. ix–xxxix). Houghton Mifflin.Google Scholar
Gadamer, H. G. (1976). Philosophical Hermeneutics (D. Linge, trans.). University of California Press.Google Scholar
Gallie, W. B. (1956). “Essentially Contested Concepts.” Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society. 56: 167–198.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gardner, H. (2006). Changing Minds: The Art and Science of Changing Our Own and Other People’s Minds [Leadership for the Common Good]. Harvard Business Review Press.Google Scholar
Gardner, H., with Laskin, E. (1995). Leading Minds: An Anatomy of Leadership. Basic Books.Google Scholar
Gebhardt, J., & Cooper, B. (1995). “Editors’ Introduction.” In Voegelin, E. (ed.). Collected Works (vol. 1; pp. ix–xlii). Louisiana State University Press.Google Scholar
Gelfand, M. (2019). Rule Makers, Rule Breakers: Tight and Loose Cultures and the Secret Signals That Direct Our Lives. Scribner.Google Scholar
Giddens, A. (1984). The Constitution of Society: Outline of the Theory of Structuration. University of California Press.Google Scholar
Giddens, A. (1993). New Rules of Sociological Method (2nd ed.). Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Goldstein, L. (1957, Dec.). “On Defining Culture.” American Anthropologist. 59(6): 1075–1081.Google Scholar
Graham, J. (1994). A Pragmatist Philosophy of Life in Ortega y Gasset. University of Missouri Press.Google Scholar
Gramsci, A. (2011). Prison Notebooks (A. Callari & J. Buttigieg, trans.). Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Greenslade, S. L. (ed.). (1963). The Cambridge History of the Bible. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Habermas, J. (1988). On the Logic of the Social Sciences (S. Weber Nicholson & J. Stark, trans.). MIT Press.Google Scholar
Harter, N. (2007). Clearings in the Forest: On the Study of Leadership. Purdue University Press.Google Scholar
Harter, N. (2017, October 18). “Martin Luther and the Translation of the Bible into German.” VoegelinView. Accessed on October 11, 2021 from https://voegelinview.com/martin-luther-translation-bible-german/.Google Scholar
Harvey, M., & Riggio, R. (eds.). (2012). Leadership Studies: The Dialogue of Disciplines. Edward Elgar.Google Scholar
Hatch, M. (1993, October). “The Dynamics of Organizational Culture.” Academy Management Review. 18(4): 657–693.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heath, H. F. (1991, May). “The Elizabethan Age.” Modern Language Quarterly. IV(1): 1–5.Google Scholar
Hecht, M., Baldwin, J., & Faulkner, S. (2006). “The (In)conclusion of the Matter: Shifting Signs and Models of Culture.” In Baldwin, J., Faulkner, S., Hecht, M., & Lindsley, S. (eds.). Redefining Culture: Perspectives across the Disciplines (pp. 53–73). Lawrence Erlbaum Assoc.Google Scholar
Heilke, T. (1990). Voegelin on the Idea of Race: An Analysis of Modern European Racism. Louisiana State University Press.Google Scholar
Helle, H. (2013). Messages from Georg Simmel [Studies in Critical Social Sciences]. Haymarket Books.Google Scholar
Hendershot, H. (2016). Open to Debate: How William F. Buckley Put Liberal America on the Firing Line. Broadside Books.Google Scholar
Hillman, J. (1986/2016). “Bachelard’s Lautréamont, or Psychoanalysis without a Patient.” In Casey, E. (ed.). Uniform Edition of the Writings of James Hillman (vol. 8; pp. 282–299). Spring Publications.Google Scholar
Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture’s Consequences: International Differences in Work-Related Values. Sage.Google Scholar
Hofstede, G. (1993, Feb.). “Cultural Constraints in Management Theories.” Academy of Management Executive. 7: 81–94, reprinted in Wren, T. (1995). The Leader’s Companion: Insights on Leadership through the Ages (pp. 253–270). Free Press.Google Scholar
Hofstede, G., Hofstede, G. J., & Minkov, M. (2010). Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind (3rd ed.). McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
House, R., Hanges, P., Javidan, M., Dorfman, P., & Gupta, V. (2004). Culture, Leadership, and Organizations: The GLOBE Study of 62 Societies. Sage.Google Scholar
Hummel, R. (2008). The Bureaucratic Experience: The Post-modern Challenge (5th ed.). Routledge.Google Scholar
James, W. (1907). Pragmatism: A New Name for Some Old Ways of Thinking. Longmans, Green, and Co.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnson, S. (2001). Emergence: The Connected Lives of Ants, Brains, Cities, and Software. Scribner.Google Scholar
Judis, J. (1988). William F. Buckley: Patron Saint of the Conservatives. Simon & Schuster.Google Scholar
Jung, C. (1980). Collected Works (vol. 9; R. F. C. Hull, trans.). Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Kantonen, T. A. (1972). Man in the Eyes of God: Human Existence in the Light of the Lutheran Confessions. CSS Publishing.Google Scholar
Kerr, S., & Jermier, J. M. (1978). “Substitutes for Leadership: Their Meaning and Measurement.” Organizational Behavior and Human Performance. 22(3): 375–403.Google Scholar
Kolakowski, L. (1966/1972). Positivist Philosophy: From Hume to the Vienna Circle (N. Guterman, trans.). Penguin.Google Scholar
Kroeber, A. L., & Kluckhohn, C. (1963). Culture: A Critical Review of Concepts and Definitions. Vintage Books.Google Scholar
Kuhn, T. S. (2012). The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (50th anniversary ed.). University of Chicago Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lachmann, R., Eshelman, R., & Davis, M. (1988). “Bakhtin and Carnival: Culture as Counter-culture.” Cultural Critique. (11): 115–152.Google Scholar
Landy, M. (1986, spring). “Culture and Politics in the Work of Antonio Gramsci.” Boundary 2. 14(3): 49–70.Google Scholar
Leavitt, H., & Lipman-Blumen, J. (1995, July–August). “Hot Groups.” Harvard Business Review. Accessed on June 5, 2019 from https://hbr.org/1995/07/hot-groups.Google Scholar
Lévi-Strauss, C. (1956/1963). “Do Dual Organizations Exist?” In Lévi-Strauss, C. (ed.). Structural Anthropology (C. Jacobson & B. G. Schoepf, trans.) (pp. 132–166). Basic Books.Google Scholar
Lévi-Strauss, C. (1988/1991). Conversations with Claude Lévi-Strauss (P. Wissing, trans.). University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Levine, D. (1995). Visions of the Sociological Tradition. University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Lewin, K. (1944, Mar.). “A Research Approach to Leadership Problems.” Journal of Educational Sociology. 17(7): 392–398.Google Scholar
Lewin, K. (1951). Field Theory in Social Science: Selected Theoretical Papers. Harper & Row.Google Scholar
Lincoln, A. (1953–1955). The Collected Works (Basler, R., ed.). Rutgers University Press.Google Scholar
Livermore, D. (2015). Leading with Cultural Intelligence: The Real Secret to Success (2nd ed.). AMACOM.Google Scholar
Mahfouz, N. (1985/2000). Akhenaten: Dweller in Truth (T. Abu-Hassabo, trans.). Anchor.Google Scholar
Manz, C. C., & Sims, H. P. Jr. (1991). “Superleadership: Beyond the Myth of Heroic Leadership.” Organizational Dynamics. 19(4): 18–35.Google Scholar
McCusker, M., Foti, R., & Abraham, E. (2019). “Leadership Research Methods.” In Riggio, R. (ed.) What’s Wrong with Leadership? Improving Leadership Research and Practice (pp. 9–40). Routledge.Google Scholar
McGrath, A. (2001). In the Beginning: The Story of the King James Bible and How It Changed a Nation, a Language, and a Culture. Anchor Books.Google Scholar
Menand, L. (2001). The Metaphysical Club: A Story of Ideas in America. Farrar, Straus, & Giroux.Google Scholar
Moody-Adams, M. (1997). Fieldwork in Familiar Places: Morality, Culture, & Philosophy. Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
New York Times Magazine. (2019). “The 1619 Project.” Accessed on June 5, 2020 from www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/08/14/magazine/1619-america-slavery.html.Google Scholar
Nicolson, A. (2005). God’s Secretaries: The Making of the King James Bible. Zondervan.Google Scholar
Norton, D. (2011). The King James Bible: A Short History from Tyndale to Today. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Oakes, G. (1980). “Introduction.” In Simmel, G. (ed.). Essays on Interpretation in Social Science (G. Oakes, trans.). Rowman and Littlefield.Google Scholar
Oakes, K. (2021). Culture Renovation: 18 Leadership Actions to Build an Unshakeable Company. McGraw-Hill Education.Google Scholar
Ortegay Gasset, J. (1940/1946). Concord and Liberty (H. Weyl, trans.). W. W. Norton & Co.Google Scholar
Ortega y Gasset, J. (1933/1961). The Modern Theme (J. Cleugh, trans.). W. W. Norton & Co.Google Scholar
Osborn, R., Hunt, J., & Jauch, L. (2002, December). “Toward a Contextual Theory of Leadership.” Leadership Quarterly. 13(6): 797–837.Google Scholar
Ospina, S., & Hittleman, M. (2011). “Thinking Sociologically about Leadership.” In Harvey, M. & Riggio, R. (eds.). Leadership Studies: The Dialogue of the Disciplines (pp. 89–100). Edward Elgar.Google Scholar
Pareto, V. (1901/1991). The Rise and Fall of Elites (H. Zetterberg, trans.). Transaction.Google Scholar
Pelikan, J. (1985). Jesus through the Centuries: His Place in the History of Culture. Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Plutarch (2001). Plutarch’s Lives. Hugh Clough, A. (ed.). The Dryden translation. The Modern Library.Google Scholar
Reuters. (2007, October 10). “President Misquoted over Gays in Iran: Aide.” Rueters. Accessed on June 8, 2019 from www.reuters.com/article/us-iran-gays-idUSBLA05294620071010.Google Scholar
Roberts, K. A. (1978). “Toward a Generic Concept of Counter-culture.” Sociological Focus. 11(2): 111–126.Google Scholar
Rosaldo, R. (2006). “Foreword.” In Baldwin, J., Faulkner, S., Hecht, M., & Lindsley, S. (eds.). Redefining Culture: Perspectives across the Disciplines (pp. ix–xiii). Lawrence Erlbaum Assoc.Google Scholar
Rousseau, D. (1985). “Issues of Level in Organizational Research: Multi-level and Cross-level Perspectives.” Research in Organizational Behavior. 7: 1–37.Google Scholar
Schmitt, C. (1976). The Concept of the Political (G. Schwab, trans.). Rutgers University Press.Google Scholar
Schouten, J., & McAlexander, J. (1995, June). “Subcultures of Consumption: An Ethnography of the New Bikers.” Journal of Consumer Research. 22(1): 43–61.Google Scholar
Searle, J. (2006). “Social Ontology: Some Basic Principles.” Papers: Revista de sociologia. 80: 51–71.Google Scholar
Simmel, G. (1916/2005). Rembrandt: An Essay in the Philosophy of Art (A. Scott & H. Staubmann, trans.). Routledge.Google Scholar
Simmel, G. (1918/1997). “The Conflict of Modern Culture.” In Simmel, G. (ed.). Essays on Religion (H. J. Helle & L. Nieder, trans.). Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Simmel, G. (1980). Essays on Interpretation in Social Science (G. Oakes, trans.). Rowman & Littlefield.Google Scholar
Steinbock, A. (2003). “Generativity and the Scope of Generative Phenomenology.” In Welton, D. (ed.). The New Husserl: A Critical Reader (pp. 289–325). Indiana University Press.Google Scholar
Steinbock, A. J. (1998). “Husserl’s Static and Genetic Phenomenology: Translator’s Introduction to Two Essays. Essay 1: Static and Genetic Phenomenological Method. Essay 2: The Phenomenology of Monadic Individuality and the Phenomenology of the General Possibilities and Compossibilities of Lived-Experiences: Static and Genetic Phenomenology.” Continental Philosophy Review. 31(2): 127–152.Google Scholar
Sugirtharajah, R. S. (2011). “Postcolonial Notes on the KJB.” In Hamlin, H., & Jones, N. (eds.). The King James Bible after 400 Years: Literary, Linguistic, and Cultural Influences. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Taylor, P. J. (1999). Modernities: A Geohistorical Interpretation. University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
Trice, H., & Beyer, J. (1991, May). “Cultural Leadership in Organizations.” Organization Science. 2(2): 149–169.Google Scholar
Twain, M. (1885). The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn: Tom Sawyer’s Comrade. Charles L. Webster & Co.Google Scholar
Tylor, E. B. (1871). Primitive Culture: Researches into the Development of Mythology, Philosophy, Religion, Art, and Custom (vol. 2). Murray.Google Scholar
van Cleve, D. (2021). The Clarity Effect: Simple Leadership Principles to Create a Culture of Purpose, Passion, and Performance. CRC Publishing.Google Scholar
Wang, X., Chen, Z., Shi, B., & Chen, H. (2021). “Tight Cultures Breed Dehumanization: An Interdisciplinary Approach. Accessed on August 5, 2021 from https://assets.researchsquare.com/files/rs-604817/v1/bf563095-ff85-4452-ad3e-c1da8ba1b355.pdf?c=1624387932.Google Scholar
Weber, M. (1958). The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism (T. Parsons, trans.). Scribner.Google Scholar
Williams, H. (1894). “Kant’s Doctrine of the Schemata.” The Monist. 4(3): 375–384. Accessed on June 26, 2016 from www.jstor.org/stable/27897156.Google Scholar
Wilson, S. (2016). Thinking Differently about Leadership: A Critical History of Leadership Studies. Edward Elgar.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wittgenstein, L. (1980). Culture and Value (P. Winch, trans.). University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Wren, J. T., & Swatez, M. J. (1995). “The Historical and Contemporary Contexts of Leadership: A Conceptual Model.” In Wren, T. (ed.). The Leader’s Companion: Insights on Leadership through the Ages (pp. 245–252). The Free Press.Google Scholar
Yammarino, F., & Dionne, S. (2019). “Leadership and Levels of Analysis.” In Riggio, R. (ed.) What’s Wrong with Leadership? Improving Leadership Research and Practice (ch. 2 pp. 41–57). Routledge.Google Scholar
Yammarino, F., & Gooty, J. (2017). “Multi-level Issues and Dyads in Leadership Research.” In Schyns, B., Hall, R., & Neves, P. (eds.). Handbook of Methods in Leadership Research (pp. 229–255). Edward Elgar.Google Scholar
- 5
- Cited by