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35 Much of this depends on how the Court's opinion in Firefighter's Union #1784 v. Stotts, — U.S. — (1984) is interpreted. In subsequent litigation the Dep't of Justice has interpreted it to mean that affirmative action remedies are appropriate only to redress individual harm, and not merely to redress grievances of an historically oppressed group or class. This “expansive” interpretation would seriously undermine affirmative action efforts.Google Scholar

36 See Shapiro, , supra note 4.Google Scholar