Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-hfldf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-30T19:35:28.563Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Comparison of the effect of leaf rust on the grain yield of resistant, partially resistant, and susceptible spring wheat cultivars

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 October 2009

R. P. Singh ,
T. S. Payne ,
P. Figueroa  and
S. Valenzuela
R. P. Singh
Affiliation:
Geneticist/Pathologist, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Lisboa 27, Apdo. Postal 6–641, 06600 Mexico D.F., Mexico.
T. S. Payne
Affiliation:
Winter Wheat Breeder, CIMMYT, P. K. 39 Emek, Ankara 06511, Turkey.
P. Figueroa
Affiliation:
Pathologists, Centro de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias, Cd. Obregon, Sonora, Mexico.
S. Valenzuela
Affiliation:
Pathologists, Centro de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias, Cd. Obregon, Sonora, Mexico.
Get access

Abstract

Three hypersensitive resistant, six partially resistant (slow rusting), and one susceptible spring bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars were evaluated for grain yield, test weight, and kernel weight under artificially created epiphytotics of leaf rust disease (caused by Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici) with and without fungicide protection for three years. Rusted plot yields were 4 percent lower compared to fungicide-protected plot yields for cultivars with hypersensitive resistance. In rusted plots, grain yield and kernel weight averaged 8 percent less for cultivars with partial resistance but varied from 2 to 20 percent less depending on cultivar. The susceptible check cultivar, Yecora 70, averaged 27 percent lower grain yield, 22 percent lower kernel weight, and 6 percent lower test weight in rusted plots. Slight reduction in test weight was also observed for each cultivar. Losses in grain yield could, therefore, be reduced to levels similar to those of hypersensitive resistant cultivars by the use of partial resistance. We discuss the sustainability of partial genetic resistance to leaf rust. Since partial resistance is expected to be durable, and since rust levels and effects on yield in farmers' fields are likely to be less than in this experimental plot study, partial resistance should give long-lasting resistance at a negligible cost in yield that is insufficient to justify the use of fungicides.

Keywords

CIMMYTdurable genetic resistancepartial resistancePuccinia recondita tritici
Type
Articles
Information
American Journal of Alternative Agriculture , Volume 6 , Issue 3 , September 1991 , pp. 115 - 121
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1991

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1.Bjarko, M. E., and Line, R. F.. 1988a. Quantitative determination of the gene action of leaf rust resistance in four cultivars of wheat, Triticum aestivum. Phytopathology 78:451–456.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2.Bjarko, M. E., and Line, R. F.. 1988b. Heritability and number of genes controlling leaf rust resistance in four cultivars of wheat. Phytopathology 78:457–461.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3.Broers, L. H. M. 1989. Partial resistance to wheat leaf rust in 18 spring wheat cultivars. Euphytica 44:247–258.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4.Buchenau, G. W. 1970. Forecasting profits from spraying for wheat rusts. South Dakota Farm and Home Research 21:31–34.Google Scholar
5.Buchenau, G. W. 1975. Relationship between yield loss and area under the wheat stem rust and leaf rust progress curves. Phytopathology 65:1317–1318.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6.Dijk, P. van, Parlevliet, J. E., Kema, G. H. J., Zeven, A. C., and Stubbs, R. W.. 1988. Characterization of the durable resistance to yellow rust in old winter wheat cultivars in the Netherlands. Euphytica 38:149–158.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7.Dyck, P. L., and Kerber, E. R.. 1985. Resistance of the race-specific type. In Roelfs, A. P. and Bushnell, W. R. (eds.). The Cereal Rusts. Volume II: Diseases, Distribution, Epidemiology and Control. Academic Press, New York, New York. pp. 469–500.Google Scholar
8.Habgood, R. M., and Clifford, B. C.. 1981. Breeding barley for disease resistance: The essence of compromise. In Jenkyn, J. F. and Plumb, R. T. (eds.). Strategies for the Control of Cereal Disease. Blackwell, Oxford, England, pp. 15–25.Google Scholar
9.Kuhn, R. C., Ohm, H. W., and Shaner, G. E.. 1978. Slow leaf-rusting resistance in wheat against twenty-two isolates of Puccinia recondita. Phytopathology 68:651–656.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10.Kuhn, R. C., Ohm, H. W., and Shaner, G. E.. 1980. Inheritance of slow leaf-rusting resistance in Suwon 85 wheat. Crop Science 20:655–659.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11.Luke, H. H., Chapman, W. H., and Barnett, R. D.. 1972. Horizontal resistance of red rustproof oats to crown rust. Phytopathology 62:414–417.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12.McIntosh, R. A. 1988. Catalogue of gene symbols for wheat. In Miller, T. E. and Koebner, R. M. D. (eds.). Proceedings of the Seventh International Wheat Genetics Symposium. Volume II.Cambridge, England, pp. 1225–1323.Google Scholar
13.MSTAT-C. 1988. A micro-computer program for the design, management, and analysis of agronomic research experiments. Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan.Google Scholar
14.Niederhauser, J. S., Cervantes, J., and Servin, L.. 1954. Late blight in Mexico and its implications. Phytopathology 44:406–408.Google Scholar
15.Ohm, H. W., and Shaner, G. E.. 1976. Three components of slow leaf rusting at different growth stages in wheat. Phytopathology 66:1356–1360.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16.Parlevliet, J. E. 1975. Partial resistance of barley to leaf rust, Puccinia hordei. I. Effect of cultivars and development stage on latent period. Euphytica 24:21–27.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17.Parlevliet, J. E. 1979. Components of resistance that reduce the rate of epidemic development. Annual Review of Phytopathology 17:203–222.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18.Parlevliet, J. E. 1988. Strategies for the utilization of partial resistance for the control of cereal rusts. In Simmonds, N. W. and Rajaram, S. (eds.). Breeding Strategies for Resistance to the Rusts of Wheat. CIMMYT, Mexico, D.F. pp. 48–62.Google Scholar
19.Peterson, R. F., Campbell, A. B., and Hannah, A. E.. 1948. A diagrammatic scale for estimating rust severity on leaves and stems of cereals. Canadian Journal of Research, Section C 26:496–500.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
20.Saari, E. E., and Prescott, J. M.. 1985. World distribution in relation to economic losses. In Roelfs, A. P. and Bushnell, W. R. (eds.). The Cereal Rusts. Volume II: Diseases, Distribution, Epidemiology and Control. Academic Press, New York, New York. pp. 260–298.Google Scholar
21.Samborski, D. J. 1985. Wheat leaf rust. In Roelfs, A. P. and Bushnell, W. R. (eds.). The Cereal Rusts. Volume II: Diseases, Distribution, Epidemiology and Control. Academic Press, New York, New York. pp. 39–59.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
22.Samborski, D. J., and Peturson, B.. 1960. Effect of leaf rust on the yield of resistant wheats. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 40:620–622.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
23.Satterthwaite, F. E. 1946. An approximate distribution of estimates of variance components. American Statistical Association Biometrics Bulletin 2(6):110–114.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
24.Schafer, J. F., and Roelfs, A. P.. 1985. Estimated relation between numbers of urediniospores of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici and rates of occurrence of virulence. Phytopathology 75:749–750.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
25.Shaner, G., and Finney, R. E.. 1980. New sources of slow leaf rusting resistance in wheat. Phytopathology 70:1183–1186.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
26.Singh, R. P. 1991. Pathogenicity variations of Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici and P. graminis f. sp. tritici in wheat growing areas of Mexico during 1988 and 1989. Plant Disease 75:790–794.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
27.Singh, R. P., Payne, T. S., and Rajaram, S.. 1991. Characterization of variability and relationship among components of partial resistance to leaf rust in CIMMYT bread wheats. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 82:674–680.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
28.Smedegaard-Petersen, V., and Tolstrup, K.. 1985. The limiting effect of disease resistance on yield. Annual Review of Phytopathology 23:475–490.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
29.Stakman, E. C., Stewart, D. M., and Loegering, W. Q.. 1962. Identification of physiologic races of Puccinia graminis var. tritici. Pub. E617, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
30.Stucker, R. E. 1980. Statistical problems in measurement of yield and loss. Miscellaneous Publications, Agricultural Experiment Stations, University of Minnesota 7:23–27.Google Scholar
31.Thurston, H. D. 1971. Relationship of general resistance: Late blight of potato. Phytopathology 61:620–626.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
32.Vanderplank, J. E. 1963. Plant Diseases: Epidemics and Control. Academic Press, New York, New York.Google Scholar
33.Villareal, R. L., and Rajaram, S.. 1988. Semidwarf Bread Wheats: Names, Parentages, Pedigrees, and Origins. CIMMYT, Mexico, D.F.Google Scholar
34.Wilcoxson, R. D. 1981. Genetics of slow rusting in cereals. Phytopathology 71:989–993.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
35.Zadoks, J. C., Chang, T. T., and Konzak, C. F.. 1974. A decimal code for the growth stages of cereals. Weed Research 14:415–421.CrossRefGoogle Scholar