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2016.
Two Roads Diverge.
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Article contents
The Economic Content of The 1767 Nakaz of Catherine II
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 25 January 2017
Extract
Among the enlightened despots of eighteenth-century Europe, Catherine II, Empress of Russia, occupies an outstanding place. In the voluminous literature devoted to her reign, some authors glorify her foreign policy, her wars and her conquests. Others praise her domestic rule and her administrative reorganization of Russia. There are many who laud her enlightenment, her relationship with the outstanding men of letters, and her contribution to and patronage of education. There are also those who condemn her treatment and extension of serfdom and who call her a “plagiarist and a hypocrite.” Finally, there are those who stress her questionable morals. And while there are numerous presentations of Catherine's economic policies, except for brief references, very few of the works on Catherine treat her economic ideas. These may be glimpsed in various of her writings but above all in her Nakaz or Instruction to the Legislative Commission of 1767-68.
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References
1 See for instance Michael, T. Florinsky, Russia. A History and An Interpretation (New York: Macmillan, 1953), I, 545–68Google Scholar.
2 A recent Soviet work on the history of Russian economic thought devotes only three pages to the Nakaz .Pashkov, A. I., ed., Istorija russkoj ekonomicheskoj mysli (Moscow: Gospolitizdat, 1955), pp. 458–61;Google Scholar see also Peter, I. Lyashchenko, History of the National Economy of Russia to the 1917 Revolution (New York: Macmillan, 1949), p. 301.Google Scholar
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7 Art. 655. All italics are Catherine's unless otherwise noted,
8 Art. 606 and 297.
9 Art. 302 and 313.
10 Art. 295.
11 Art. 260-61.
12 Art. 296 and 425.
13 Art. 303-08.
14 Art . 311.
15 Art. 303.
16 Art . 299.
17 Art. 607
18 Art. 607.
19 Art. 425.
20 Art. 603.
21 Art. 604.
22 Art. 265.
23 Art. 266.
24 Art. 267.
25 Arts. 270, 269, and 271.
26 Art. 275.
27 Art. 272.
28 Art. 273.
29 Art. 274.
30 Arts. 280, 282, and 286.
31 Arts. 282-3.
32 Art. 313.
33 Arts. 299-301.
34 Art. 619.
35 Art. 314.
36 Art. 401.
37 Art. 613.
38 Art. 323
39 Art. 317.
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42 Art. 327
43 Art. 328.
44 Art. 326.
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47 Arts. 614, 615, and 626.
48 Art. 616.
49 Arts. 618 and 620.
50 Art. 619.
51 Art. 576.
52 Art. 577.
53 Arts. 578, 554, and 555.
54 Art. 579.
55 Art. 33.
56 Art. 448.
57 Art. 454.
58 Art. 453.
59 Art. 39.
60 Art. 35.
61 Art . 589.
62 For a detailed study of the Commission, see Florovskij, A. V., “Iz istorii ekaterinskoj zakonodatelnoj kommissii 1767 g.Vopros o krepostnom prave,” Zapiski Imperatorskago Novorossijskago Vniversiteta Istoriko-filologicheskago Fakulteta (Odessa: 1910), Vypusk III, 319 pp.Google Scholar
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