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WARFARE, SACRIFICE, AND THE CAPTIVE BODY IN LATE CLASSIC MAYA SCULPTURE

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 February 2023

Caitlin C. Earley Open the ORCID record for Caitlin C. Earley [Opens in a new window]
Caitlin C. Earley*
Affiliation:
Department of Art, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia Street, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
*
E-mail correspondence to: ccearley@uw.edu
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Abstract

Traditional interpretations of Maya warfare have focused on the ritual aspects of war, including the necessity of taking captives for sacrifice. Captives are a common theme on carved stone monuments in the Late Classic period, and images like the murals at Bonampak suggest that captives taken in battle were ultimately sacrificed. Textual information from hieroglyphs and historical records, however, suggests a variety of fates for prisoners of war. Considering this information, the iconography of carved stone monuments is a poor indicator of historical outcomes for captives. What, then, was the function of captive imagery? In this article, I suggest that images of captives on carved stone monuments worked to prepare elite viewers for warfare by creating embodied social identities for warriors. Sculptures constructed a warrior identity that encompassed both victor and victim and emphasized the importance of elite bodies in the maintenance of political and ritual power. Understanding the ways in which images of captives were communicating allows a more robust view of how the practice of warfare differed from polity to polity and suggests that context is key to using art to learn about war.

Type
Special Section: The Practice of Maya Warfare
Information
Ancient Mesoamerica , Volume 34 , Issue 1 , Spring 2023 , pp. 249 - 265
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press

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