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Disputes between English and Foreign Glass-Painters in the Sixteenth Century
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 08 January 2012
Extract
At the beginning of the sixteenth century Flanders had for a hundred years or more been the art centre of western Europe. Thence, and from the Rhenish provinces, most of the art movements sprang; and it was there that new ideas of technique and craftsmanship and new ways of looking at things had their birth. Henry VII, who since the age of five had lived abroad, favoured foreigners, especially Flemings, and encouraged trade with the Netherlands in every possible way. At his coronation he had the ‘trappour’ of his horse covered with stars made by ‘Hanche Dutchmen’; and he presented to Antwerp Cathedral a window with portraits of himself and his wife, Elizabeth of York.
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- Copyright © The Society of Antiquaries of London 1925
References
page 148 note 1 Letters and Papers, Hen. VIII, vol. ii, p. 1458. He was made a denizen on 6th May 1514. Pat. Roll, 6 Hen. VIII, pt. 1, m. 14.
page 149 note 1 Star Chamber Proc., Bdle. 21, no. 106.
page 149 note 2 He took out Letters of Denization 2nd July 1535.
page 149 note 3 For evidence in confirmation of the above statement see the present writer's ‘Glass-Painters of York’, in Notes and Queries, 02 1921–03 1922Google Scholar, where it is shown that families such as the Newsoms remained journeymen glass-painters for generations, whilst families such as the Chambers, Pettys, and Prestons kept control of the management of the craft throughout the whole of the fifteenth century.
page 150 note 1 Pat. Roll, 24 Hen. VIII, pt. 1, m. 7.
page 150 note 2 London Glass-Painters' Petition to Cromwell, Chancellor to Henry VIII, Letters and Papers, Hen. VIII, vol. 162, fol. 131.
page 150 note 3 Denizations of Aliens (Huguenot Soc.), p. xlv.
page 151 note 1 James Nicholson, glazier from the dominion of the Emperor. Pat. Roll, 26 Hen. VIII, pt. 2, m. 41.
page 151 note 2 Warton, , Life of Sir Thomas Pope, p. 16, note.Google Scholar
page 151 note 3 Expenses of Buildings in Collect. Cur., i, 206; and Wocd, Antony, Hist. and Antiq. of Univ. of Oxford, p. 1157, noteGoogle Scholar.
page 152 note 1 Star Chamber Proceedings, Bundle 21, no. 106 (c. the year 1544).
page 153 note 1 He took out Letters of Denization on 2nd July 1535. The glass in the hall at Sutton Place, Guildford, is also believed to be by his hand.
page 153 note 2 Ashdown, , Hist. Worship. Company of Glaziers, p. 22.Google Scholar
page 153 note 3 The writer is much indebted to his friend Mr. E. Wyndham Hulme, whose researches in the history of glass-making in England are too well known to require mention, for unearthing the documents and generously placing them at his disposal.
page 154 note 1 The above document was printed in full by Mr.Hulme, E. Wyndham in Notes and Queries, 12 series, iv, 19.Google Scholar
page 154 note 2 The date of this and the following document is shown by the complaint of the London glaziers, in which this document is referred to.
page 154 note 3 Master of the Company in 1518; Ashdown, , Hist. of Worship. Co. of Glaziers, p. 57Google Scholar.
page 154 note 4 One of the contractors for the King's College windows in 1526.
page 155 note 1 The date of the first charter is 6th Nov. 1638; Ashdown, , loc. cit., 113.Google Scholar
page 156 note 1 Letters of Denization, 5th May 1539.
page 156 note 2 ‘At an earlier date one of this name died in an affray with a rival glass-painter, probably a member of the London Gild. There is record of a pardon to Adrian Regnold glasyer of the death of Richard Glasyer, alias Glasyer, Deryk of Holland, .' Ca. Pat. Rolls, 33Google Scholar Hen. VI, iv, 237, 8th June 1455.
page 156 note 3 One of the artists on the King's College work. He is here described as an Englishman, but he as a fact took out letters of Denization on 2nd July 1535.
page 156 note 4 Afterwards glass-painter to Edward VI.
page 156 note 5 Although set down as an Englishman he took out letters of Denization on 14th April 1541.
page 156 note 6 An English foreigner was a man from some other part of England who had not taken out his freedom. A civic ordinance of Wycombe in 1505 decreed that ‘from this time forth no burgess or foreigner … speak before the day of election of the mayor’: Hist. MSS. Com., v, 559.