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Mitochondrial DNA sequence revealed contrasting demographic history between the black bullhead (Ameiurus melas) and its cryptic lineage in North America

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 December 2010

Abinash Padhi
Abinash Padhi*
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Science, University of Tulsa, 800 S. Tucker Drive, Oklahoma-74104, USA
*
aCorresponding author: aup17@psu.edu
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Abstract

The black bullhead, Ameiurus melas of the family Ictaluridae, is a freshwater fish native to North America that was introduced throughout Europe in the late 1800s. Using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) as a genetic marker, the present study investigates the genetic structure and historical demography of A. melas in North America. MtDNA-based phylogenetic analyses revealed the existence of two distinct lineages (A and B) of A. melas. While lineage A clustered with the previously reported sequences of A. melas, lineage B emerged as a unique clade like other species of the genus Ameiurus. Individuals belonging to lineage B were mostly from the south central region of the United States, the region that never glaciated during the last Ice Age. Results of a fossil-based molecular clock analysis suggest that lineage A and the paraphyletic lineage B of A. melas diverged from their respective common ancestors approximately 3 (±0.2) and 15.9 (±1.3) million years ago. Lineage B could possibly be a hybrid species, possessing the mtDNA haplotype of its maternal parent, an Ameiurus species that has gone extinct. While lineage A showed evidence of population expansion, lineage B did not show any evidence of population expansion, but rather is comprised of geographically structured populations.

Keywords

SiluriformesAmeiurusmtDNAPhylogenyCryptic speciesMolecular ClockPopulation dynamics
Type
Research Article
Information
Aquatic Living Resources , Volume 23 , Issue 3 , July 2010 , pp. 325 - 333
Copyright
© EDP Sciences, IFREMER, IRD 2010

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