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XIX. Remembrances for the Apparel, Accoutrements, and Necessaries of Henry Algernon Percy, Earl of Northumberland, and his Retinue, preparatory to his joining the English Army in France, in the year 1513; communicated, from a MS. in the College of Arms, by Sir Frederic Madden, K.H. F.R.S. and S.A. in a Letter to Charles George Young, Esq. F.S.A., York Herald
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 12 June 2012
Extract
The interest attached by all antiquaries to the Household Book of Henry Algernon Percy, fifth Earl of Northumberland, edited by the Bishop of Dromore in 1770, will probably offer a sufficient apology for my troubling the Society, through you, with a Document relating to the same Nobleman, whose magnificence, love of the arts, and patronage of literature, entitle him to the admiration and respect of all acquainted with his character. We are informed by Hall,a the contemporary historian, that in the beginning of the fifth year of King Henry the Eighth, the Earl of Northumberland was one of the noblemen selected to take a part in the expedition then preparing against France, and that he was present at the sieges of Terouenne and Tournay, in the rearward division of the army, under the command of Lord Herbert, Lord Chamberlain, afterwards created Earl of Worcester. This statement is illustrated by an article (communicated by the Earl of Egremont), annexed to the reprint of the Northumberland Household Book in the “Antiquarian Repertory,” vol. iv. second edit, intitled “Equipage of the right honourable Henry Earl of Northumberland, at the siege of Turwin, in France, 5 Henry VIII”b It thence appears, that the King's first letter of summons to the Earl, was dated from Greenwich, 22 Feb. anno regni 4, [1512–13] ordering him to raise 500 men, of which 100 were to be demi-lances on horseback, 300 archers, and 100 bill-men on foot. A second letter was sent on the 13th of April following, signifying the King's pleasure, that the Earl and his retinue sh⊙uld repair to the ports of Dover or Sandwich by the 28th of May; which was immediately complied with, since we know from Hall, that the whole of the troops under Lord Herbert landed at Calais on the 31st of that month. In the same MS. is an account of the “parcels of stuffe” prepared for the Earl and his attendants, which is extremely curious, as it shews minutely the war-equipment of a nobleman of the first rank at this period, and forms a very amusing supplement to the information previously afforded of the same nobleman's style of living in domestic life.
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References
page 395 note a Hall, fol. xxiiij.
page 396 note b P. 347. It was copied by Roger Dodsworth from the original in the possession of Sir Henry Spelman, and presented to Algernon tenth Earl of Northumberland.
page 397 note a A light head-piece. See Meyrick, Ant. Arm. vol. iii. Gloss, in voce.
page 397 note b Small lozenge-shaped pieces of mail to protect the arm-pits, and bend of the arms. Meyrick's Ant. Armour, ii. 191 n. Grose, Mil. Ant. ii. 252.
page 398 note c In the Ordinances of War set forth by Henry VIII. on occasion of this expedition to France, in 1513, is this clause: “also that every man goinge in hostinge or battayle, of what estate, &c. he be, of the Kinges partie and host, except he be a bishop or officer of armes, bear a cross of Saynt George.”
page 398 note d Bicoquet, Ornement de tête, espèce de chaperon.” Roquefort, Glossaire de la langue Romaine, So. Par. 1808.
page 398 note e Brigandines, a light cuirass, composed of small plates of iron fastened upon quilted leather or linen. See a plate of one in Grose's Mil. Ant. pl. xxvi. vol. ii. p. 250, and Meyrick's Glossary, vol. iii. in voce.
page 398 note f Hall says of the dress of Henry VIII. in this expedition to France: “He was appareilled in almayne ryuet, crested, & his vambrace of the same, & on his hedde a chapeau montabyn, with a riche coronal, ye folde of the chapeau was lined with crimsyn saten.” Mr. Kempe (Loseley Manuscripts, p,135, 8vo. 1836) conjectures it to be a steel cap; but I should think not from the description, but rather a hat of some softer material, which turned over, similar to the one in which Henry was often painted. See MS. Cott. Aug. III. The name was doubtless derived from the hats being first made at Montalvan in Arragon.
page 398 note g A sort of helmet. See Meyrick's Glossary, at the end of vol. iii. voce Barbuta, and Roquefort's Gloss, voc. Barbute.
page 398 note h sa MS.
page 398 note i assault.
page 398 note k town.
page 398 note l Bacinet, a light helmet, of a round shape. Grose, ii. 242. Meyrick, Gloss, in v.
page 398 note m So called, from bourdo or bourdon; the same as the bourdonasse, which was hollow within, and handsomely painted. See Meyrick, ii. 228, and Roquefort, voc. Bourde, Bourdonasses.
page 398 note n wholly.
page 398 note o This proves that the kerchief of plesaunce, or cointise, was worn at the end of the spear as well as on the helmet. See Meyrick, ii. 218, and Glossary, in voce.
page 398 note p lighe, MS.
page 399 note q A horseman's spear, mentioned in several Statutes temp. Rich. II. See Meyrick, Gloss, in voc. and Roquefort, voc. Lance-genetaire.
page 399 note r waponttes shalle sa, MS.
page 399 note s Jacked leather, “cuir bouilli.”
page 399 note t devices?
page 399 note u Has this any connexion with corion? See Roquefort, in voce.
page 399 note v Is this the same with deuyseures above? I suspect some error in both cases.
page 400 note w Streamer.
page 400 note x A mistake for before?
page 400 note y Probably the same as corantyne. See Du Cange, voce Coramen. One of these terms, no doubt, is erroneous.
page 400 note z sa, MS.
page 400 note a spere, MS.
page 400 note b “The Lorde of Burgaynye” is mentioned by Hall as one of the noblemen at the battle of Terouenne, f. xxxij.
page 400 note c Sumpter horse.
page 401 note d Bare hides (not Bears' hides, as Mr. Kempe conjectures, Loseley MSS. p. 104), used to cove over baggage, carts, chests, &c.
page 401 note e Pieces of carpet.
page 401 note f Horse-clothes.
page 401 note g Hemmed or garded? See Loseley Manuscripts, p. 76, 1. 13.
page 401 note h Tramels. See Grose, Mil. Ant. ii. 312, and Loseley Manuscripts, p. 99.
page 401 note i From the Fr. pasturon or paturon, pasterns, shackles, or fetters for unruly horses, affixed to that part of the animal's leg called the pastern. See Cotgrave, voc. Paturon, Pasterne, and Empas. In Todd's edition of Johnson the word is instanced only as a part of the leg, but it is very clear, that in the quotation from Beaumont and Fletcher, The Chances, Act i. sc. 9. the sense requires us to understand it as explained above.
page 401 note k Girths.
page 401 note l Web or cloth for girths.
page 401 note m Leather manufactured in Hungary.
page 401 note n Anvil.
page 401 note o Farrier.
page 401 note p lint, toile?
page 401 note q Are these the charnels, or pinnacles of helmets? See Meyrick, ii. 195, 252.
page 401 note r Emery? See Antiq. Rep. iv. p. 367.
page 401 note s tools.
page 402 note t Coffers. See Grose, ii. 314.
page 402 note u “The chanfron, chamfrein, or shaffron, took its denomination from that part of the horse's head it covered, and was a kind of mask of iron, copper, or brass, and sometimes of jacked leather, inclosing the face and ears.” Grose, ii. 259.
page 402 note v “The criniere or manefaire, consisted of a number of small plates, generally about twelve, hooked together, and to the chanfron, so as to be moveable; their use was to guard the neck of the horse from the stroke of a sword.” Grose, ibid.
page 402 note w Plumes.
page 402 note x Large tents; not made of timber-work (as stated by Kempe, Loseley MS8. p. 15), but of canvas. See the same work, p. 104.
page 402 note y Half-celer.
page 402 note z Straw.
page 403 note a Linen.
page 403 note b Chauffer, chafer, or chafing pan.
page 403 note c Dishes of large size.
page 403 note d See the Northd. Househ. Book, pp. 3, 19, ed. 1770.
page 404 note e Different sorts of wax tapers. The sysez were no doubt so called from the proportion they bore to the pound weight. The torteys of bracche (torches de brasse), were tapers of five feet in length, similar to those used in Catholic chapels. Cf. Northd. Househ. Book, pp. 3, 12, and Kempe's Loseley Manuscripts, p. 13.
page 404 note f latrnternes, MS.
page 404 note g Spits.
page 404 note h Mow, cut, shear.
page 405 note i axill teres, MS.
page 405 note k Verjuice.
page 405 note l Pursyvaunces, MS.
page 405 note m pakktes, MS.
page 405 note n thought, MS.
page 405 note o m'akett felowe, MS.
page 405 note p touched?
page 405 note q shall', MS.
page 405 note r squyerers, MS.